EAD AP H1B AOS FAQ 【5/15更新】# EB23 - 劳工卡
J*n
1 楼
关于H1B持有人是否使用AP、EAD的问题已经被问了无数次, 版主可不可以置顶一段时间。现在很多人都有EAD、AP但485还要1-2年才批,一个清晰的FAQ相信对大家都有益。
以下是我目前所了解的情况,有些地方我还有疑问,请大家补充,更正,我会及时更新:
以下先集中几个关键问题,一些常识以后补充:
(1)用了EAD,就是AOS,就不是H1B,不是non-immigrant了,这个大家都知道。
万一485出问题,你必须马上离开美国,这个虽然很麻烦但不可怕。
关键是Out of Status 的开始计算时间,因为这关系到3年/10年不得入境的条例。根据下面皮匠的blog以及他引用的USCIS的说明,OOS的开始时间是485被据那一天,而不是EAD使用的那一天。这样使用EAD就不用担心这个问题了。
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/14332/200806/6037.html
(2)H1B的I-797还有效,但没有H1B visa stamp,使用AP入境,能不能保持H1B,如何做?
这个问题我不是十分清楚,但知道以下的情况:
(a)你的I-94写的是AOS 或paroled,这样你至少document上不是H1B
(b)你可以extend H1B,extend以后你是H1B,但是从你入境到extend submission期间状态应该还是AOS吧。是否能工作不清楚。
(c)有人提到可以去机场CBP办公室,出示有效的I-797,然后可能可以把I-94改成H1B,这个我没试过,不知道是否可信
(d)如果没有EAD或者不想用EAD,也不打算extend H1B,或者入境前已经extend过H1B,AP入境后可以马上用H1B为原雇主工作吗。这个似乎没有问题, 但是我找不到官方文件,所以不是100%肯定。皮匠的以下的blog讨论了这个问题,但我有不同的理解:
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/14332/200710/20710.html
以下内容引用自皮匠的blog:
×××××××××××××××××××××
和 F 不一样,用过 AP 之后,不是必须一定要使用 EAD,因为你的 H 被认定依然有效。
"Until then, if the alien's H-1 or L-1 employment authorization would not
have expired, had the alien not left and returned under advance parole,
the Service will not consider a paroled adjustment applicant's failure to
obtain a separate employment authorization document to mean that the
paroled adjustment applicant engaged in unauthorized employment by working
for the H-1 or L-1 employer between the date of his or her parole and the
date to be specified in the final rule." - Q 4
×××××××××××××××××××××
皮匠的结论是用了AP后可以用继续用H1B,根据是上面这段话。但是里面提到“had the alien not left and returned under advance parole”。这不是说明如果使用了AP入境就是例外了?这段话应该是说申请了AP但是还没有使用AP,H1B继续有效。这个并不能得出皮匠的结论。如果我理解有错误,请大家更正。
*************************************************
以下 5/15 更新 相信这已经是最全的信息了 大家继续讨论补充
××××××××××××××××××××××***************************
(c)有人提到可以去机场CBP办公室,出示有效的I-797,然后可能可以把I-94改成H1B,这个我没试过,不知道是否可信
今天问过学校的International Office。这个方法不行。
(d)如果没有EAD或者不想用EAD,也不打算extend H1B,或者入境前已经extend过H1B,AP入境后可以马上用H1B为原雇主工作吗。
根据学校的International Office说法,USCIS在这方面一直没讲清楚,但有2点是已知的。
1. 如果用AP入境后还是给H1B的雇主工作,USCIS不认为这是非法工作。
1. If a person enters in Advance Parole status but has an underlying
valid H-1B, then they are not engaging in unauthorized employment if he or
she works pursuant to the H-1B petition.
2. 如果用AP入境以后,即使停留超过I-94的过期日期,也不认为是非法停留。
2. If the I-94 date from the entry using Advance Parole expires, then the
person will not be deemed to be accruing unlawful presence if the 485
remains pending.
另外,如果你是为H1B原雇主工作,你的I-9也很可能继续填写H1B的内容
If you enter with AP then in theory you are working on the attached work
authorization. (You should apply for work authorization, too. It is the
best course of action.) Even though that USCIS has made the waters very
muddy on the point you are asking, your I-9 would still be completed with
the H-1B approval most likely.
最后,学校International Office不忘提醒还是建议用H1B签证入境,最省事,最清楚。用AP+EAD也没问题,因为他们从没见过485被据的。
以下是皮匠应用段落的完整版。答案的第一句话似乎说明可以用AP入境,然后给原H1B雇主工作。不知谁能找到里面提到的final rule。
##############################
http://shusterman.com/h1blvisasmemoworkingadvanceparole.html
4. If an H-1 or L-1 nonimmigrant has traveled abroad and reentered the
United States via advance parole, the alien is accordingly in parole
status. How does the interim rule affect that alien’s employment
authorization?
A Service memorandum dated August 5, 1997, stated that an “adjustment
applicant’s otherwise valid and unexpired nonimmigrant employment
authorization …is not terminated by his or her temporary departure from
the United States, if prior to such departure the applicant obtained
advance parole in accordance with 8 CFR 245.2(a)(4)(ii).” The Service
intends to clarify this issue in the final rule. Until then, if the
alien’s H-1 or L-1 employment authorization would not have expired, had
the alien not left and returned under advance parole, the Service will not
consider a paroled adjustment applicant’s failure to obtain a separate
employment authorization document to mean that the paroled adjustment
applicant engaged in unauthorized employment by working for the H-1 or L-1
employer between the date of his or her parole and the date to be
specified in the final rule.
##############################
以下是我找到的USCIS网站上1999年发布的文件。说明H1B可以用AP入境,也可以不用EAD工作。这两项是分开说的。所以并没有确切的指出用AP入境后是否能用H1B工作。根据上下文,我现在的理解是可以(因为它没说不可以)。这就是上面提到的final rule所要解释的,但好像这个final rule还没有出来。
Adjustment of Status; Continued Validity of Nonimmigrant Status, Unexpired
Employment Authorization, and Travel Authorization for Certain Applicants
Maintaining Nonimmigrant H or L Status [64 FR 29208] [FR 28-99]
http://www.uscis.gov/ilink/docView/FR/HTML/FR/0-0-0-1/0-0-0-540
57543/0-0-0-57820.html
上面连接中的相关内容在以下3节:
How Does This Rule Affect Maintenance of H-1 and L-1 Nonimmigrant Status?
What Are the Documentary Requirements for Travel Outside the United States
for H-1 and L-1 With Pending Applications for Adjustment of Status?
Under What Section of the Regulations Would H-1 or L-1 Nonimmigrants be
Granted Authorization for Continued Employment?
以下是我目前所了解的情况,有些地方我还有疑问,请大家补充,更正,我会及时更新:
以下先集中几个关键问题,一些常识以后补充:
(1)用了EAD,就是AOS,就不是H1B,不是non-immigrant了,这个大家都知道。
万一485出问题,你必须马上离开美国,这个虽然很麻烦但不可怕。
关键是Out of Status 的开始计算时间,因为这关系到3年/10年不得入境的条例。根据下面皮匠的blog以及他引用的USCIS的说明,OOS的开始时间是485被据那一天,而不是EAD使用的那一天。这样使用EAD就不用担心这个问题了。
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/14332/200806/6037.html
(2)H1B的I-797还有效,但没有H1B visa stamp,使用AP入境,能不能保持H1B,如何做?
这个问题我不是十分清楚,但知道以下的情况:
(a)你的I-94写的是AOS 或paroled,这样你至少document上不是H1B
(b)你可以extend H1B,extend以后你是H1B,但是从你入境到extend submission期间状态应该还是AOS吧。是否能工作不清楚。
(c)有人提到可以去机场CBP办公室,出示有效的I-797,然后可能可以把I-94改成H1B,这个我没试过,不知道是否可信
(d)如果没有EAD或者不想用EAD,也不打算extend H1B,或者入境前已经extend过H1B,AP入境后可以马上用H1B为原雇主工作吗。这个似乎没有问题, 但是我找不到官方文件,所以不是100%肯定。皮匠的以下的blog讨论了这个问题,但我有不同的理解:
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/14332/200710/20710.html
以下内容引用自皮匠的blog:
×××××××××××××××××××××
和 F 不一样,用过 AP 之后,不是必须一定要使用 EAD,因为你的 H 被认定依然有效。
"Until then, if the alien's H-1 or L-1 employment authorization would not
have expired, had the alien not left and returned under advance parole,
the Service will not consider a paroled adjustment applicant's failure to
obtain a separate employment authorization document to mean that the
paroled adjustment applicant engaged in unauthorized employment by working
for the H-1 or L-1 employer between the date of his or her parole and the
date to be specified in the final rule." - Q 4
×××××××××××××××××××××
皮匠的结论是用了AP后可以用继续用H1B,根据是上面这段话。但是里面提到“had the alien not left and returned under advance parole”。这不是说明如果使用了AP入境就是例外了?这段话应该是说申请了AP但是还没有使用AP,H1B继续有效。这个并不能得出皮匠的结论。如果我理解有错误,请大家更正。
*************************************************
以下 5/15 更新 相信这已经是最全的信息了 大家继续讨论补充
××××××××××××××××××××××***************************
(c)有人提到可以去机场CBP办公室,出示有效的I-797,然后可能可以把I-94改成H1B,这个我没试过,不知道是否可信
今天问过学校的International Office。这个方法不行。
(d)如果没有EAD或者不想用EAD,也不打算extend H1B,或者入境前已经extend过H1B,AP入境后可以马上用H1B为原雇主工作吗。
根据学校的International Office说法,USCIS在这方面一直没讲清楚,但有2点是已知的。
1. 如果用AP入境后还是给H1B的雇主工作,USCIS不认为这是非法工作。
1. If a person enters in Advance Parole status but has an underlying
valid H-1B, then they are not engaging in unauthorized employment if he or
she works pursuant to the H-1B petition.
2. 如果用AP入境以后,即使停留超过I-94的过期日期,也不认为是非法停留。
2. If the I-94 date from the entry using Advance Parole expires, then the
person will not be deemed to be accruing unlawful presence if the 485
remains pending.
另外,如果你是为H1B原雇主工作,你的I-9也很可能继续填写H1B的内容
If you enter with AP then in theory you are working on the attached work
authorization. (You should apply for work authorization, too. It is the
best course of action.) Even though that USCIS has made the waters very
muddy on the point you are asking, your I-9 would still be completed with
the H-1B approval most likely.
最后,学校International Office不忘提醒还是建议用H1B签证入境,最省事,最清楚。用AP+EAD也没问题,因为他们从没见过485被据的。
以下是皮匠应用段落的完整版。答案的第一句话似乎说明可以用AP入境,然后给原H1B雇主工作。不知谁能找到里面提到的final rule。
##############################
http://shusterman.com/h1blvisasmemoworkingadvanceparole.html
4. If an H-1 or L-1 nonimmigrant has traveled abroad and reentered the
United States via advance parole, the alien is accordingly in parole
status. How does the interim rule affect that alien’s employment
authorization?
A Service memorandum dated August 5, 1997, stated that an “adjustment
applicant’s otherwise valid and unexpired nonimmigrant employment
authorization …is not terminated by his or her temporary departure from
the United States, if prior to such departure the applicant obtained
advance parole in accordance with 8 CFR 245.2(a)(4)(ii).” The Service
intends to clarify this issue in the final rule. Until then, if the
alien’s H-1 or L-1 employment authorization would not have expired, had
the alien not left and returned under advance parole, the Service will not
consider a paroled adjustment applicant’s failure to obtain a separate
employment authorization document to mean that the paroled adjustment
applicant engaged in unauthorized employment by working for the H-1 or L-1
employer between the date of his or her parole and the date to be
specified in the final rule.
##############################
以下是我找到的USCIS网站上1999年发布的文件。说明H1B可以用AP入境,也可以不用EAD工作。这两项是分开说的。所以并没有确切的指出用AP入境后是否能用H1B工作。根据上下文,我现在的理解是可以(因为它没说不可以)。这就是上面提到的final rule所要解释的,但好像这个final rule还没有出来。
Adjustment of Status; Continued Validity of Nonimmigrant Status, Unexpired
Employment Authorization, and Travel Authorization for Certain Applicants
Maintaining Nonimmigrant H or L Status [64 FR 29208] [FR 28-99]
http://www.uscis.gov/ilink/docView/FR/HTML/FR/0-0-0-1/0-0-0-540
57543/0-0-0-57820.html
上面连接中的相关内容在以下3节:
How Does This Rule Affect Maintenance of H-1 and L-1 Nonimmigrant Status?
What Are the Documentary Requirements for Travel Outside the United States
for H-1 and L-1 With Pending Applications for Adjustment of Status?
Under What Section of the Regulations Would H-1 or L-1 Nonimmigrants be
Granted Authorization for Continued Employment?