美国密歇根州立大学枪击事件致3死5伤，其中两名中国留学生受伤

On Monday night, the usually busy streets of Michigan State University’s sprawling campus fell silent after a gunman opened fire in two buildings, killing three students and critically wounding five others.

周一晚上，密歇根州立大学广阔的校园内，一条热闹的街道陷入了寂静。一名枪手在两栋大楼里开火，造成3名学生死亡，另外5人重伤。

For hours, students and faculty and staff sheltered in place, many in dormitories and other campus buildings, as hundreds of police officers searched for the gunman.

几个小时以来，学生和教职员工就地躲避，许多人躲在宿舍和其他校园建筑中，数百名警察在搜寻枪手。

Students across the campus in East Lansing, more than 80 miles northwest of Detroit, expressed fear. Among them was Jane Nodland, a senior nursing major, who on Monday night was at the university’s student union building to do homework with her boyfriend. She heard three gunshots and quickly dove into a corner before sprinting out of the building. “I thought I was going to die,” Ms. Nodland said. “It sounded like he was right there.”

在底特律西北部80多英里的东兰辛，整个校园的学生都表示害怕。其中包括护理专业的高年级学生简-诺德兰（Jane Nodland），周一晚上她在大学的学生会大楼里和她的男朋友做作业。她听到三声枪响，迅速躲进一个角落，然后冲刺出大楼。"我以为我要死了，"诺德兰女士说。"听起来他就在那里"。

图片来源：Al Goldis/AP

There have been 12 school shootings so far this year, according to a CNN tally. The shooting at Michigan State marks the first at a college or university this year.

根据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)的统计，今年到目前为止已经有12起校园枪击案。密歇根州立大学的枪击案是今年第一起发生在学院或大学的枪击案。

As of early Wednesday, it still remained unclear why the gunman, identified by police as Anthony Dwayne McRae, 43, who had no apparent affiliation with MSU, carried out the attack on the school's campus. The gunman then led authorities on a manhunt that ended when he fatally shot himself after a confrontation with law enforcement officials in the adjacent city of Lansing, police said. 

截至周三早些时候，仍然不清楚这名被警方确认为43岁的安东尼-德韦恩-麦克雷的枪手为何在该校校园内实施攻击，他与MSU没有明显的关联。警方说，这名枪手随后被当局进行追捕，最后他在邻近的兰辛市与执法官员发生冲突后开枪自杀身亡。

When McRae was found by police in Michigan, “he had a note in his pocket that indicated a threat to two Ewing Public Schools,” the police department in New Jersey said Tuesday. MSU police confirmed McRae had a note, and Ewing police said local schools no longer faced a threat.

当麦克雷在密歇根州被警方发现时，"他的口袋里有一张纸条，表明对尤因两所公立学校的威胁，"新泽西州的警察部门周二说。密歇根大学警方证实麦克雷有一张纸条，尤因警方说当地学校不再面临威胁。

图片来源：Michigan Dept. of Corrections

Like many scenes of carnage at US schools, the deadly rampage at Michigan State forced students to jump out windows and run for their lives. Claire Papoulias was in history class when “all of sudden I heard gunshots directly behind me,” the sophomore told CNN on Tuesday.

与美国学校的许多屠杀场面一样，密歇根州立大学的致命暴行迫使学生跳窗逃命。克莱尔-帕普利亚斯当时正在上历史课，"突然我听到我身后有枪声，"这位大二学生周二告诉CNN。

以下为美国国土安全部发布的应对手册：

1.RUN If there is an accessible escape path, attempt to evacuate the premises.Be sure to:

跑，如果存在可行的逃跑线路，试着逃出建筑物。你要确定：

• Have an escape route and plan in mind

心中有一个逃跑的路线和计划

• Evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow

不管其他人是否同意跟着你，尽快撤离

• Leave your belongings behind

把随身携带的物品留在身后

• Help others escape, if possible

如果有可能，帮着其他人逃离

• Prevent individuals from entering an area where the active shooter may be

防止有人进入现场行凶枪手有可能处在的区域

• Keep your hands visible

你的双手置于能被看见的位置

• Follow the instructions of any police officers 

服从任何警察的指挥

• Do not attempt to move wounded people

不要试图移动受伤的人

• Call 911 when you are safe

在你安全的时候打电话给 911

2.HIDE If evacuation is not possible, find a place to hide where the active shooter is less likelyto find you.Your hiding place should: 

隐藏，如果不可能撤离，找一个地方藏起来使现场行凶枪手不可能找到你。你隐藏的地方应当：

• Be out of the active shooter’s view 

在现场行凶枪手视线之外

• Provide protection if shots are fired in your direction (i.e., an office with a closedand locked door) 

能提供保护，如果枪击是向着你的方向（例如，一个关着和锁着门的办公室）

• Not trap you or restrict your options for movement 

不使您落入一个死角或移动的选择受到限制

To prevent an active shooter from entering your hiding place:

防止现场行凶枪手进入你的隐藏地：

 • Lock the door 

把门锁住

• Blockade the door with heavy furniture

用重的家具把门顶住

If evacuation and hiding out are not possible: 

如果撤离和隐藏都不可能：

• Remain calm 

保持镇静

• Dial 911, if possible, to alert police to the active shooter’s location

如果可能，拨打 911，向警察报告现场行凶枪手的位置

• If you cannot speak, leave the line open and allow the dispatcher to listen

如果你不能说话，不要挂机，让调度员能够听见

3. FIGHT As a last resort, and only when your life is in imminent danger, attempt todisrupt and/or incapacitate the active shooter by: 

对抗作为最后的手段，并且是在你的生命立即有危险的时候，采取下列动作打扰现场行凶枪手并使其失去能力：

• Acting as aggressively as possible against him/her 

对他/她表现得尽可能气势汹汹

• Throwing items and improvising weapons

向他/她丢东西，利用手边的东西作为武器 

• Yelling

叫喊

• Committing to your actions

有所作为

完整链接：

https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/active-shooter-how-to-respond-2017-508.pdf