Redian新闻
>
Toshiba的超轻薄 Z835-P330看起来不错
avatar
Toshiba的超轻薄 Z835-P330看起来不错# Hardware - 计算机硬件
d*g
1
大家谈论的Fidelity AMEX 2% everything是这个吗
Fidelity Rewards American Express® Cards
这个需要有个Fidelity 账户才能deposit
Fidelity 账户怎么申啊,适合学生申的?
avatar
w*s
2
Why Almost Everything You Hear About Medicine Is Wrong
http://www.newsweek.com/2011/01/23/why-almost-everything-you-he
If you follow the news about health research, you risk whiplash. First
garlic lowers bad cholesterol, then—after more study—it doesn’t. Hormone
replacement reduces the risk of heart disease in postmenopausal women, until
a huge study finds that it doesn’t (and that it raises the risk of breast
cancer to boot). Eating a big breakfast cuts your total daily calories, or
not—as a study released last week finds. Yet even if biomedical research
can be a fickle guide, we rely on it.
But what if wrong answers aren’t the exception but the rule? More and more
scholars who scrutinize health research are now making that claim. It isn’t
just an individual study here and there that’s flawed, they charge.
Instead, the very framework of medical investigation may be off-kilter,
leading time and again to findings that are at best unproved and at worst
dangerously wrong. The result is a system that leads patients and physicians
astray—spurring often costly regimens that won’t help and may even harm
you.
(Gallery: Medical Breakthroughs: The Good and the Bad)
It’s a disturbing view, with huge im-plications for doctors, policymakers,
and health-conscious consumers. And one of its foremost advocates, Dr. John
P.A. Ioannidis, has just ascended to a new, prominent platform after years
of crusading against the baseless health and medical claims. As the new
chief of Stanford University’s Prevention Research Center, Ioannidis is
cementing his role as one of medicine’s top mythbusters. “People are being
hurt and even dying” because of false medical claims, he says: not
quackery, but errors in medical research.
This is Ioannidis’s moment. As medical costs hamper the economy and impede
deficit-reduction efforts, policymakers and businesses are desperate to cut
them without sacrificing sick people. One no-brainer solution is to use and
pay for only treatments that work. But if Ioannidis is right, most
biomedical studies are wrong.
In just the last two months, two pillars of preventive medicine fell. A
major study concluded there’s no good evidence that statins (drugs like
Lipitor and Crestor) help people with no history of heart disease. The study
, by the Cochrane Collaboration, a global consortium of biomedical experts,
was based on an evaluation of 14 individual trials with 34,272 patients.
Cost of statins: more than $20 billion per year, of which half may be
unnecessary. (Pfizer, which makes Lipitor, responds in part that “managing
cardiovascular disease risk factors is complicated”). In November a panel
of the Institute of Medicine concluded that having a blood test for vitamin
D is pointless: almost everyone has enough D for bone health (20 nanograms
per milliliter) without taking supplements or calcium pills. Cost of vitamin
D: $425 million per year.
Ioannidis, 45, didn’t set out to slay medical myths. A child prodigy (he
was calculating decimals at age 3 and wrote a book of poetry at 8), he
graduated first in his class from the University of Athens Medical School,
did a residency at Harvard, oversaw AIDS clinical trials at the National
Institutes of Health in the mid-1990s, and chaired the department of
epidemiology at Greece’s University of Ioannina School of Medicine. But at
NIH Ioannidis had an epiphany. “Positive” drug trials, which find that a
treatment is effective, and “negative” trials, in which a drug fails, take
the same amount of time to conduct. “But negative trials took an extra two
to four years to be published,” he noticed. “Negative results sit in a
file drawer, or the trial keeps going in hopes the results turn positive.”
With billions of dollars on the line, companies are loath to declare a new
drug ineffective. As a result of the lag in publishing negative studies,
patients receive a treatment that is actually ineffective. That made
Ioannidis wonder, how many biomedical studies are wrong?
His answer, in a 2005 paper: “the majority.” From clinical trials of new
drugs to cutting-edge genetics, biomedical research is riddled with
incorrect findings, he argued. Ioannidis deployed an abstruse mathematical
argument to prove this, which some critics have questioned. “I do agree
that many claims are far more tenuous than is generally appreciated, but to
‘prove’ that most are false, in all areas of medicine, one needs a
different statistical model and more empirical evidence than Ioannidis uses,
” says biostatistician Steven Goodman of Johns Hopkins, who worries that
the most-research-is-wrong claim “could promote an unhealthy skepticism
about medical research, which is being used to fuel anti-science fervor.”
Even a cursory glance at medical journals shows that once heralded studies
keep falling by the wayside. Two 1993 studies concluded that vitamin E
prevents cardiovascular disease; that claim was overturned by more rigorous
experiments, in 1996 and 2000. A 1996 study concluding that estrogen therapy
reduces older women’s risk of Alzheimer’s was overturned in 2004.
Numerous studies concluding that popular antidepressants work by altering
brain chemistry have now been contradicted (the drugs help with mild and
moderate depression, when they work at all, through a placebo effect), as
has research claiming that early cancer detection (through, say, PSA tests)
invariably saves lives. The list goes on.
Despite the explosive nature of his charges, Ioannidis has collaborated with
some 1,500 other scientists, and Stanford, epitome of the establishment,
hired him in August to run the preventive-medicine center. “The core of
medicine is getting evidence that guides decision making for patients and
doctors,” says Ralph Horwitz, chairman of the department of medicine at
Stanford. “John has been the foremost innovative thinker about biomedical
evidence, so he was a natural for us.”
Ioannidis’s first targets were shoddy statistics used in early genome
studies. Scientists would test one or a few genes at a time for links to
virtually every disease they could think of. That just about ensured they
would get “hits” by chance alone. When he began marching through the
genetics literature, it was like Sherman laying waste to Georgia: most of
these candidate genes could not be verified. The claim that variants of the
vitamin D–receptor gene explain three quarters of the risk of osteoporosis?
Wrong, he and colleagues proved in 2006: the variants have no effect on
osteoporosis. That scores of genes identified by the National Human Genome
Research Institute can be used to predict cardiovascular disease? No (2009).
That six gene variants raise the risk of Parkinson’s disease? No (2010).
Yet claims that gene X raises the risk of disease Y contaminate the
scientific literature, affecting personal health decisions and sustaining
the personal genome-testing industry.
Statistical flukes also plague epidemiology, in which researchers look for
links between health and the environment, including how people behave and
what they eat. A study might ask whether coffee raises the risk of joint
pain, or headaches, or gallbladder disease, or hundreds of other ills. “
When you do thousands of tests, statistics says you’ll have some false
winners,” says Ioannidis. Drug companies make a mint on such dicey
statistics. By testing an approved drug for other uses, they get hits by
chance, “and doctors use that as the basis to prescribe the drug for this
new use. I think that’s wrong.” Even when a claim is disproved, it hangs
around like a deadbeat renter you can’t evict. Years after the claim that
vitamin E prevents heart disease had been overturned, half the scientific
papers mentioning it cast it as true, Ioannidis found in 2007.
The situation isn’t hopeless. Geneticists have mostly mended their ways,
tightening statistical criteria, but other fields still need to clean house,
Ioannidis says. Surgical practices, for instance, have not been tested to
nearly the extent that medications have. “I wouldn’t be surprised if a
large proportion of surgical practice is based on thin air, and [claims for
effectiveness] would evaporate if we studied them closely,” Ioannidis says.
That would also save billions of dollars. George Lundberg, former editor of
The Journal of the American Medical Association, estimates that strictly
applying criteria like Ioannidis pushes would save $700 billion to $1
trillion a year in U.S. health-care spending.
Of course, not all conventional health wisdom is wrong. Smoking kills, being
morbidly obese or severely underweight makes you more likely to die before
your time, processed meat raises the risk of some cancers, and controlling
blood pressure reduces the risk of stroke. The upshot for consumers: medical
wisdom that has stood the test of time—and large, randomized, controlled
trials—is more likely to be right than the latest news flash about a single
food or drug.
avatar
H*s
3
水逆终于完全过去,从现在起正是开始新项目好日子.
而即将到来的感恩节,根据数据,是电子产品打折最狠的时机,千万不要错过!
还有生病看医生也会得到很好的治疗
再有就是旅行啦,不要等到圣诞节.
11月27日水星和木星爱意频传,所以你会收到激动人心的
邮件或者书信。亦或是,如果你在旅游,你会发现旅途中所有的东西都非常特别。(毕
竟水星就是旅游之星。)
圣诞节和新年几天不适合出游,因为宇宙风暴会从12月21日起卷土重来,跨过新年一直
持续到1月10日抑或更久。12月最好是简化你的度假计划,而不是花一堆钱去旅游,还
有可能发生意外和与其他人发生口角。
如果你想要一个浪漫的假期,比如说新年的时候去巴黎,请把它改到2月
14日情人节。明年2月水星会再次逆行,但至少在12月结束时你不会撞上难缠的相位和
古怪的人际关系。明年的情人节相对来说会比较有爱,因为金星从12月21日到1月31日
逆行,情人节时就恢复顺行了。这一年折磨与甜蜜同在,所以我们要比以往更加注意计
划的选择。
所以从现在起,行动起来. 走过,路过,不要错过. 趁着好日子,放手一搏吧!
avatar
d*i
5
是这个卡,不需要申fidelity账户。点数直接卖掉就可以

【在 d*******g 的大作中提到】
: 大家谈论的Fidelity AMEX 2% everything是这个吗
: Fidelity Rewards American Express® Cards
: 这个需要有个Fidelity 账户才能deposit
: Fidelity 账户怎么申啊,适合学生申的?

avatar
y*i
6
白云又飘来了?
avatar
x*e
7
宇宙风暴这个词是从三妈那儿看来的 到底是什么意思?

【在 H*********s 的大作中提到】
: 水逆终于完全过去,从现在起正是开始新项目好日子.
: 而即将到来的感恩节,根据数据,是电子产品打折最狠的时机,千万不要错过!
: 还有生病看医生也会得到很好的治疗
: 再有就是旅行啦,不要等到圣诞节.
: 11月27日水星和木星爱意频传,所以你会收到激动人心的
: 邮件或者书信。亦或是,如果你在旅游,你会发现旅途中所有的东西都非常特别。(毕
: 竟水星就是旅游之星。)
: 圣诞节和新年几天不适合出游,因为宇宙风暴会从12月21日起卷土重来,跨过新年一直
: 持续到1月10日抑或更久。12月最好是简化你的度假计划,而不是花一堆钱去旅游,还
: 有可能发生意外和与其他人发生口角。

avatar
h*2
8
是啊,我在国内的时候就很馋portege系列,精品,这几年toshiba丢了笔记本no1的交
椅之后,出了太多砖头机,太伤形象了,好歹portege还能称着场面

【在 S***r 的大作中提到】
: 13.3 inch 2.4 lbs 128GB SSD $799
: CPU弱点, SSD速度不快, WEI只有 6.6
: http://www.bestbuy.com/site/Toshiba+-+Port%26%23233%3Bg%26%2323

avatar
J*g
9
怎么做法,不是说是redeem到fidelity的brokerage account 么?

【在 d*****i 的大作中提到】
: 是这个卡,不需要申fidelity账户。点数直接卖掉就可以
avatar
H*s
10
是指这个吧......
Comic Storm:
自从150亿年前的宇宙大爆炸之后,星体和各星系一直各自向外飞散。理论上讲,相互
维系的重力应该减慢这个膨胀的速度,但是事实并非如此,实际上膨胀还在加速进行。
从而宇宙风暴发生频繁.宇宙风暴可以对地球造成巨大的灾害:计算机瘫痪、通讯中断
和电力网毁坏。现在,科学家已经能准确地对宇宙风暴进行预报,使人类可以事先采取
有效的预防措施。
由来自英国“大西洋观测”组织的科学家和美国的研究人员组成的国际科研小组宣布,
由于他们观察到太阳表面磁场风暴的形成过程,所以他们成功地进行了人类历史上首次
宇宙风暴的预报。威力巨大的宇宙风暴由放射性的带电粒子组成。这次风暴击中了绕地
球飞行的401通讯卫星,使美国数百万观众的电视转播因此中断。有史以来第一次,我
们通过天文观测仪器观察到了太阳风暴从形成到袭击地球的全部过程。在人类的历史上
,强大的宇宙风暴曾经引发了大规模的电力中断、船只导航系统失灵等巨大的灾难。科
学家们认为,未来对宇宙风暴的预测可以是这样进行的:先是绕地球飞行的宇宙飞船观
测到太阳表面的爆炸,再由卫星和地面站测出其强大粒子流袭击的路线,然后进行预报
。太阳风暴将会变得越来越大,因为太阳活动期达到最高峰,所以,科学家们希望未来
可以提前一到两周预报宇宙风暴。

【在 x********e 的大作中提到】
: 宇宙风暴这个词是从三妈那儿看来的 到底是什么意思?
avatar
S*r
11
600左右就进一个, 呵呵
avatar
s*g
12
co-ask...
他们买点的人怎么最大化收益呀?

【在 J***g 的大作中提到】
: 怎么做法,不是说是redeem到fidelity的brokerage account 么?
avatar
j*s
13
也有可能是指金星逆行。
avatar
d*0
14
配置倒是不错,不知道做工怎么样?
avatar
W*2
15
大神。。
好久不见

★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 7.8

【在 j*******s 的大作中提到】
: 也有可能是指金星逆行。
avatar
S*r
16
做工不错, 和SONY Z差不多吧。BB有货, 键盘手感一般,据说有背光。
看起来加内存不容易。

【在 d*****0 的大作中提到】
: 配置倒是不错,不知道做工怎么样?
avatar
H*s
17
有道理,TKS

【在 j*******s 的大作中提到】
: 也有可能是指金星逆行。
avatar
d*0
18
要是ultrabook都是这样的做工和价位,不愁卖不出去啊

【在 S***r 的大作中提到】
: 做工不错, 和SONY Z差不多吧。BB有货, 键盘手感一般,据说有背光。
: 看起来加内存不容易。

avatar
c*g
19
每年生日都要购物犒劳自己,今年败家又赶上个好日子。

【在 H*********s 的大作中提到】
: 水逆终于完全过去,从现在起正是开始新项目好日子.
: 而即将到来的感恩节,根据数据,是电子产品打折最狠的时机,千万不要错过!
: 还有生病看医生也会得到很好的治疗
: 再有就是旅行啦,不要等到圣诞节.
: 11月27日水星和木星爱意频传,所以你会收到激动人心的
: 邮件或者书信。亦或是,如果你在旅游,你会发现旅途中所有的东西都非常特别。(毕
: 竟水星就是旅游之星。)
: 圣诞节和新年几天不适合出游,因为宇宙风暴会从12月21日起卷土重来,跨过新年一直
: 持续到1月10日抑或更久。12月最好是简化你的度假计划,而不是花一堆钱去旅游,还
: 有可能发生意外和与其他人发生口角。

avatar
p*o
20
A面做工太烂,轻轻就能掰弯掰断
avatar
H*s
21
翠翠,千载难逢的好日子,购物旅游,决不手软!

【在 c********g 的大作中提到】
: 每年生日都要购物犒劳自己,今年败家又赶上个好日子。
avatar
c*g
23
十二月中出去旅游这个订了不能改了,生日是正日子购物吧:)

【在 H*********s 的大作中提到】
: 翠翠,千载难逢的好日子,购物旅游,决不手软!
avatar
a*e
24
那个portege也是出一堆烂货,俺现在就用一个,
轻是轻,一碰就裂
SSD更是极品

【在 h**2 的大作中提到】
: 是啊,我在国内的时候就很馋portege系列,精品,这几年toshiba丢了笔记本no1的交
: 椅之后,出了太多砖头机,太伤形象了,好歹portege还能称着场面

avatar
H*s
25
欢乐ING!

【在 c********g 的大作中提到】
: 十二月中出去旅游这个订了不能改了,生日是正日子购物吧:)
avatar
a*t
26
我订了圣诞出游的机票酒店了,,,上个月。。。
avatar
H*s
27
没关系,好象旅游主要指双鱼座
"小心驶得万年船". 当心些就行了.
玩得开心:-))

【在 a**t 的大作中提到】
: 我订了圣诞出游的机票酒店了,,,上个月。。。
avatar
a*t
28
哈哈哈,谢谢。不过有点不敢开车了都。。。。

【在 H*********s 的大作中提到】
: 没关系,好象旅游主要指双鱼座
: "小心驶得万年船". 当心些就行了.
: 玩得开心:-))

avatar
H*s
29
让LD开,你只要享受就好啦

【在 a**t 的大作中提到】
: 哈哈哈,谢谢。不过有点不敢开车了都。。。。
avatar
s*e
30
呜。。
水逆期订的?

【在 a**t 的大作中提到】
: 我订了圣诞出游的机票酒店了,,,上个月。。。
avatar
s*e
31
拜见大神先
小然来引荐下这是哪路大神啊
也让我等后来愚者有所感知?

【在 W********2 的大作中提到】
: 大神。。
: 好久不见
:
: ★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 7.8

相关阅读
logo
联系我们隐私协议©2024 redian.news
Redian新闻
Redian.news刊载任何文章,不代表同意其说法或描述,仅为提供更多信息,也不构成任何建议。文章信息的合法性及真实性由其作者负责,与Redian.news及其运营公司无关。欢迎投稿,如发现稿件侵权,或作者不愿在本网发表文章,请版权拥有者通知本网处理。