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on ben franklin's virtues# LeisureTime - 读书听歌看电影
w*g
1
THE Perfectibility of Man! Ah heaven, what a dreary theme! The
perfectibility of the Ford car! The perfectibility of which man? I am many
men. Which of them are you going to perfect? I am not a mechanical
contrivance.
Education! Which of the various me's do you propose to educate, and which do
you propose to suppress?
Anyhow, I defy you. I defy you, oh society, to educate me or to suppress me
, according to your dummy standards.
The ideal man! And which is he, if you please? Benjamin Franklin or Abraham
Lincoln? The ideal man! Roosevelt or Porfirio Diaz?
There are other men in me, besides this patient ass who sits here in a tweed
jacket. What am I doing, playing the patient ass in a tweed jacket? Who am
I talking to?
Who are you, at the other end of this patience? Who are you? How many selves
have you? And which of these selves do you want to be?
Is Yale College going to educate the self that is in the dark of you, or
Harvard College?
The ideal self! Oh, but I have a strange and fugitive self shut out and
howling like a wolf or a coyote under the ideal windows. See his red eyes in
the dark? This is the self who is coming into his own.
The perfectibility of man, dear God! When every man as long as he remains
alive is in himself a multitude of conflicting men. Which of these do you
choose to perfect, at the expense of every other?
Old Daddy Franklin will tell you. He'll rig him up for you, the pattern
American. Oh, Franklin was the first downright American. He knew what he was
about, the sharp little man. He set up the first dummy American.
At the beginning of his career this cunning little Benjamin drew up for
himself a creed that should 'satisfy the professors of every religion, but
shock none'.
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w*g
2
In his Autobiography, Benjamin Franklin inventoried his thirteen virtues:
1. TEMPERANCE
Eat not to fulness; drink not to elevation.
2. SILENCE
Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling
conversation.
3. ORDER
Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have
its time.
4. RESOLUTION
Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve.
5. FRUGALITY
Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself i.e., waste nothing.
6. INDUSTRY
Lose no time, be always employed in something useful; cut off all
unnecessary action.
7. SINCERITY
Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak
accordingly.
8. JUSTICE
Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.
9. MODERATION
Avoid extremes, forbear resenting injuries as much as you think they deserve.
10. CLEANLINESS
Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation.
11. TRANQUILLITY
Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.
12. CHASTITY
Rarely use venery but for health and offspring, never to dulness, weakness,
or the injury of your own or another’s peace or reputation.
13. HUMILITY
Imitate Jesus and Socrates.
D.H. Lawrence revised them—for himself, of course—in Studies in Classic
American Literature:
1. TEMPERANCE
Eat and carouse with Bacchus, or munch dry bread with Jesus, but don’t sit
down without one of the gods.
2. SILENCE
Be still when you have nothing to say; when genuine passion moves you, say
what you’ve got to say, and say it hot.
3. ORDER
Know that you are responsible to the gods inside you and to the men in whom
the gods are manifest. Recognize your superiors and your inferiors,
according to the gods. This is
the root of all order.
4. RESOLUTION
Resolve to abide by your own deepest promptings, and to sacrifice the
smaller thing to the greater. Kill when you must, and be killed the same:
the must coming from the gods inside you, or from the men in whom you
recognize the Holy Ghost.
5. FRUGALITY
Demand nothing; accept what you see fit. Don’t waste your pride or squander
your emotion.
6. INDUSTRY
Lose no time with ideals; serve the Holy Ghost; never serve mankind.
7. SINCERITY
To be sincere is to remember that I am I, and that the other man is not me.
8. JUSTICE
The only justice is to follow the sincere intuition of the soul, angry or
gentle. Anger is just, and pity is just, but judgement is never just.
9. MODERATION
Beware of absolutes. There are many gods.
10. CLEANLINESS
Don’t be too clean. It impoverishes the blood.
11. TRANQUILITY
The soul has many motions, many gods come and go. Try and find your deepest
issue, in every confusion, and abide by that. Obey the man in whom you
recognize the Holy Ghost; command when your honour comes to command.
12. CHASTITY
Never ‘use’ venery at all. Follow your passional impulse, if it be
answered in the other being; but never have any motive in mind, neither
offspring nor health nor even pleasure, nor even service. Only know that ‘
venery’ is of the great gods. An offering-up of yourself to the very great
gods, the dark ones, and nothing else.
13. HUMILITY
See all men and women according to the Holy Ghost that is within them. Never
yield before the barren.
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