e*e
2 楼
前一段时间在考虑要不要送孩子去spanish immersion(k-5),问了一个spanish
bilingual expert. 她的回复如下，大家来讨论一下哈。
http://www.spanglishbaby.com/category/askexpert/
Dear Expert,
My husband and I are native Chinese. My son goes to an English environment
daycare/preschool since he was 18 month. Now he is 4 years old and speaks
both Chinese and English. Next year we have an opportunity to go to a
Spanish Immersion elementary (K-5) school. Students in the Spanish immersion school receive the majority of their instruction in Spanish. English is introduced in third grade for one hour a day.
We think Spanish will be very important to have in the future, but we are
worried that he won’t handle three languages at the same time and fall
behind. We aren’t native English speakers, so we cannot help him in
English or Spanish. In that circumstance, is it realistic to send him to the
Spanish Immersion School and expect him to be fluent in three languages?
Thanks a lot for your advice.
XXX
Dear XXX,
Usually children can become trilingual in childhood, especially if those
languages are heard and used throughout the day. In fact, it is very common
for many children in Europe, Africa and Asia to learn two different
languages through home and community and then a third language through
schooling. In most of these cases, the communities where children live are
also multilingual, therefore children have extensive opportunities to keep
hearing and practicing all languages as they grow. Oftentimes, the language(
s) of schooling become(s) children’s strongest language(s); yet, children
can develop and maintain high levels of fluency in three languages
throughout life.
The situation that you describe is a bit different. I am assuming that your
child is hearing Chinese mainly from you and your husband. Currently, he is
also reliably hearing English from preschool peers and teachers; eventually
he will be hearing Spanish from school staff and, possibly, classmates as
well. The issue, then, is whether the environment will provide sufficient
language input in each language once formal schooling begins. For Spanish,
it shouldn’t be a problem, as this is the main language of schooling. For
Chinese, you will have to make the extra effort to continue to practice it
with your child as much as possible, given that he will now be spending many
hours at school. The situation seems to be most challenging for English,
which, as you worry, might not find ‘enough space’ in your child’s daily
routine, especially in the early school years.
Now, I have never heard of an immersion program where English is not
introduced until 3rd grade and then only for one hour. Is this in the U.S.?
What happens after 3rd grade? When is English instruction increased? I would
urge you to talk with school administrators and understand what is the
rationale behind this. Usually, the best immersion programs are 90:10 models
in which children start kindergarten with 90% instruction in the target
language (Spanish, German, Italian etc.) but also hear English 10% of the
day. Usually, the percentage of instruction in English increases year by
year and by 4th or 5th grade children are receiving 50% instruction in
English and 50% instruction in the other language. These programs are very
successful because children are hearing enough of the target language early
on (and more than children who are instructed 50% in each language from the
beginning – 50:50 models). However, English instruction is not delayed
until as late as 3rd grade.In sum, given that your child is not hearing English at home, delaying English instruction until 3rd grade might not be the best situation.
On the other hand, if you find an immersion program where some English
instruction is given before 3rd grade, and if you make sure that your child
hears a decent amount of English each day (through friends, after-school
activities, sports, etc.), then I would go for Spanish immersion. After all,
English is the majority language in the U.S. and it is rare that children
raised here don’t learn it. Don’t worry that you will not be able to help
your child with homework in Spanish as many parents of children in immersion
programs do not speak or write the language their children are learning.
Schools are aware of this trend and tend to assign homework that children
can complete by themselves.
No matter what you decide, remember: the key to productive trilingualism is
that your child has plenty of daily opportunities to hear and practice these
languages. If you make sure of this, your child shouldn’t have any
difficulty developing proficiency and fluency in Chinese, Spanish and
English
bilingual expert. 她的回复如下，大家来讨论一下哈。
http://www.spanglishbaby.com/category/askexpert/
Dear Expert,
My husband and I are native Chinese. My son goes to an English environment
daycare/preschool since he was 18 month. Now he is 4 years old and speaks
both Chinese and English. Next year we have an opportunity to go to a
Spanish Immersion elementary (K-5) school. Students in the Spanish immersion school receive the majority of their instruction in Spanish. English is introduced in third grade for one hour a day.
We think Spanish will be very important to have in the future, but we are
worried that he won’t handle three languages at the same time and fall
behind. We aren’t native English speakers, so we cannot help him in
English or Spanish. In that circumstance, is it realistic to send him to the
Spanish Immersion School and expect him to be fluent in three languages?
Thanks a lot for your advice.
XXX
Dear XXX,
Usually children can become trilingual in childhood, especially if those
languages are heard and used throughout the day. In fact, it is very common
for many children in Europe, Africa and Asia to learn two different
languages through home and community and then a third language through
schooling. In most of these cases, the communities where children live are
also multilingual, therefore children have extensive opportunities to keep
hearing and practicing all languages as they grow. Oftentimes, the language(
s) of schooling become(s) children’s strongest language(s); yet, children
can develop and maintain high levels of fluency in three languages
throughout life.
The situation that you describe is a bit different. I am assuming that your
child is hearing Chinese mainly from you and your husband. Currently, he is
also reliably hearing English from preschool peers and teachers; eventually
he will be hearing Spanish from school staff and, possibly, classmates as
well. The issue, then, is whether the environment will provide sufficient
language input in each language once formal schooling begins. For Spanish,
it shouldn’t be a problem, as this is the main language of schooling. For
Chinese, you will have to make the extra effort to continue to practice it
with your child as much as possible, given that he will now be spending many
hours at school. The situation seems to be most challenging for English,
which, as you worry, might not find ‘enough space’ in your child’s daily
routine, especially in the early school years.
Now, I have never heard of an immersion program where English is not
introduced until 3rd grade and then only for one hour. Is this in the U.S.?
What happens after 3rd grade? When is English instruction increased? I would
urge you to talk with school administrators and understand what is the
rationale behind this. Usually, the best immersion programs are 90:10 models
in which children start kindergarten with 90% instruction in the target
language (Spanish, German, Italian etc.) but also hear English 10% of the
day. Usually, the percentage of instruction in English increases year by
year and by 4th or 5th grade children are receiving 50% instruction in
English and 50% instruction in the other language. These programs are very
successful because children are hearing enough of the target language early
on (and more than children who are instructed 50% in each language from the
beginning – 50:50 models). However, English instruction is not delayed
until as late as 3rd grade.In sum, given that your child is not hearing English at home, delaying English instruction until 3rd grade might not be the best situation.
On the other hand, if you find an immersion program where some English
instruction is given before 3rd grade, and if you make sure that your child
hears a decent amount of English each day (through friends, after-school
activities, sports, etc.), then I would go for Spanish immersion. After all,
English is the majority language in the U.S. and it is rare that children
raised here don’t learn it. Don’t worry that you will not be able to help
your child with homework in Spanish as many parents of children in immersion
programs do not speak or write the language their children are learning.
Schools are aware of this trend and tend to assign homework that children
can complete by themselves.
No matter what you decide, remember: the key to productive trilingualism is
that your child has plenty of daily opportunities to hear and practice these
languages. If you make sure of this, your child shouldn’t have any
difficulty developing proficiency and fluency in Chinese, Spanish and
English
z*o
3 楼
昨天在HOUSTON 打了指纹，
按预约时间去的，我们分别约在了上午11点和12点，
人很少，进门填表，查了USCIS打指纹的信上面写了（for 485和765） 和 驾照 （不用
护照）。
然后就打指纹和照相，基本不用等，
整个过程大约15分钟。
工作人员态度都不错，最后还让填了customer service evaluation
都选了excellent，然后闪人
按预约时间去的，我们分别约在了上午11点和12点，
人很少，进门填表，查了USCIS打指纹的信上面写了（for 485和765） 和 驾照 （不用
护照）。
然后就打指纹和照相，基本不用等，
整个过程大约15分钟。
工作人员态度都不错，最后还让填了customer service evaluation
都选了excellent，然后闪人
s*l
4 楼
在这个说粤语比说英语还要吃香的小区，真的太多穗港澳的同胞即使身处在外还是会留意的两个电视台本港和翡翠。
或许对非粤语的朋友来说，TVB是一个相对来说比较熟悉的电视。因为，太多太多的香港明星都是从那里出来的，而TVB相对立的电视台就是亚视了。高中开始来加村读书的我离开那个城市很久之外，接触到了英美的电视剧后，就更加少的去看那两个电视台了。从亚视被报道倒闭，但现在据说已经把电视节目完全收了，世上再无本港台！！！
楼下快餐店的香港老板也和我一样突然变得惆怅。本以为看多了各种高质量的制作后对那些对各地朋友都吐槽的节目会没感情。知道真的没这个节目了，才发现，不单只是一个节目，粤语也在渐渐消失。就拿邻居家的小孩来说吧，明明妈妈是个香港移民，可孩子完全不会讲粤语。
虽然比不上看Friends结束时的惆怅，但确实还是挺惋惜的。就连曾经辉煌的明星都转战内地市场去了，亚视的没落却也只有穗港澳的同胞大概知道吧，身边大部分的人依旧看着开心的笑着。和好几代人的回忆说再见~
或许对非粤语的朋友来说，TVB是一个相对来说比较熟悉的电视。因为，太多太多的香港明星都是从那里出来的，而TVB相对立的电视台就是亚视了。高中开始来加村读书的我离开那个城市很久之外，接触到了英美的电视剧后，就更加少的去看那两个电视台了。从亚视被报道倒闭，但现在据说已经把电视节目完全收了，世上再无本港台！！！
楼下快餐店的香港老板也和我一样突然变得惆怅。本以为看多了各种高质量的制作后对那些对各地朋友都吐槽的节目会没感情。知道真的没这个节目了，才发现，不单只是一个节目，粤语也在渐渐消失。就拿邻居家的小孩来说吧，明明妈妈是个香港移民，可孩子完全不会讲粤语。
虽然比不上看Friends结束时的惆怅，但确实还是挺惋惜的。就连曾经辉煌的明星都转战内地市场去了，亚视的没落却也只有穗港澳的同胞大概知道吧，身边大部分的人依旧看着开心的笑着。和好几代人的回忆说再见~
s*n
5 楼
新手成新求教，万望各位高手解答。
t*g
6 楼
wow, I think this expert is very nice.
S*r
7 楼
thanks for sharing
l*o
8 楼
如果你现在是OPT的话，好像可以用cap-gap得
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 如果现在公司申请H1b visa，需要等到10月份才能工作么？
: 谢谢！
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 如果现在公司申请H1b visa，需要等到10月份才能工作么？
: 谢谢！
z*l
9 楼
说的很中肯。
g*t
10 楼
如果今年还有名额，approve就可以工作。
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 如果现在公司申请H1b visa，需要等到10月份才能工作么？
: 谢谢！
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 如果现在公司申请H1b visa，需要等到10月份才能工作么？
: 谢谢！
k*y
11 楼
given that your child is not hearing English at home, delaying English
instruction until 3rd grade might not be the best situation
同意以上意见.美国小学还是很注重读写的.很多美国生的中国小孩到中学发现写作能力
不够好,不从小培养可能以后跟不上.
instruction until 3rd grade might not be the best situation
同意以上意见.美国小学还是很注重读写的.很多美国生的中国小孩到中学发现写作能力
不够好,不从小培养可能以后跟不上.
s*n
12 楼
我不是opt，现在拿Academy的H1b，所以也得排公司的H1b吧？
弱弱的问，我有印象是说如果拿到H1b的话必须等到10月份才能工作，不是吗？
【在 g********t 的大作中提到】
: 如果今年还有名额，approve就可以工作。
弱弱的问，我有印象是说如果拿到H1b的话必须等到10月份才能工作，不是吗？
【在 g********t 的大作中提到】
: 如果今年还有名额，approve就可以工作。
l*2
13 楼
The expert has already pointed out the key issue: pick a sesime while
loosing the watermellion.
loosing the watermellion.
f*n
14 楼
There are still some quota left, the work start date is 10/01/2010. So if
you can get this, you don't have to wait.
If the quota is gone, you have to wait till 04/01/2011 to submit H1B
application, and wait till 10/01/2011 to start work. But I am not sure if
you can use cap gap or not.
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 我不是opt，现在拿Academy的H1b，所以也得排公司的H1b吧？
: 弱弱的问，我有印象是说如果拿到H1b的话必须等到10月份才能工作，不是吗？
you can get this, you don't have to wait.
If the quota is gone, you have to wait till 04/01/2011 to submit H1B
application, and wait till 10/01/2011 to start work. But I am not sure if
you can use cap gap or not.
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: 我不是opt，现在拿Academy的H1b，所以也得排公司的H1b吧？
: 弱弱的问，我有印象是说如果拿到H1b的话必须等到10月份才能工作，不是吗？
a*r
15 楼
不明白为啥要去这个program？真心觉得西班牙语很不好听啊。
s*n
16 楼
Thank you.
cap gap是什么意思？我不是opt的也有这个cap gap吗？
【在 f********n 的大作中提到】
: There are still some quota left, the work start date is 10/01/2010. So if
: you can get this, you don't have to wait.
: If the quota is gone, you have to wait till 04/01/2011 to submit H1B
: application, and wait till 10/01/2011 to start work. But I am not sure if
: you can use cap gap or not.
cap gap是什么意思？我不是opt的也有这个cap gap吗？
【在 f********n 的大作中提到】
: There are still some quota left, the work start date is 10/01/2010. So if
: you can get this, you don't have to wait.
: If the quota is gone, you have to wait till 04/01/2011 to submit H1B
: application, and wait till 10/01/2011 to start work. But I am not sure if
: you can use cap gap or not.
x*d
17 楼
I think there is a new policy (maybe starting from 2008 or 2009) that the
transfer from non-profit H1-b can work immediately after approval, in your
case that would be mid April, not necessarily need to wait until Oct.
Of course, you'd better find the policy on USCIS's webpage to confirm.
transfer from non-profit H1-b can work immediately after approval, in your
case that would be mid April, not necessarily need to wait until Oct.
Of course, you'd better find the policy on USCIS's webpage to confirm.
g*t
18 楼
从noncap h1b到cap h1b，需要有名额才能开始。
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: Thank you.
: cap gap是什么意思？我不是opt的也有这个cap gap吗？
【在 s********n 的大作中提到】
: Thank you.
: cap gap是什么意思？我不是opt的也有这个cap gap吗？
相关阅读
孙俪以前老是就婚姻发狠话，怎么回事？电视剧红色：一场披着红色剧外衣的蓝色浪漫 （无剧透）北平无战事是马汉三后人投资的吧？方孟敖为解放起了什么作用？北平无战事，国民党是不给钱就要打吗？李亚这个演员算是完了复习了一遍潜伏，共党对余责成不薄啊终于弃剧《北平无战事》了这两天是不是优酷连得特别慢？为什么我看刘烨说台词老想笑呢？严春明要干啥？[短评]中国梦之声2求推荐让人开怀大笑的影视节目现在哪里可看红高粱啊汽车真人秀《巅峰拍挡》谁看了？方行长身边怎么能都是共党呢，编剧太差，应该安排一个国民党特务啊伊利5亿拍下爸爸去哪儿3冠名以及全面战略合作王大治真尼玛丑北平我觉得传递出来最好的信息就是红色第一集是谁剪的？