关于党员申请I-485的更新和补充说明# Immigration - 落地生根
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最近一段时间因为是党员而收到I-485 RFE的比以前多。另外以前提到的链接有的随着
政府网页改版已经不能用了。因此更新如下：
按照美国移民法（INA），党员不能移民美国。但是，INA里面又提供了exception，212
(a)(3)(D)(ii) ， the membership in communist party will not render an alien
inadmissible if the membership was for the purpose of obtaining employment.
美国国务院对这一条法律做出了更具体的解释。如果入党是为了工作等原因，而不是为
了认同共产主义理想，就有可能符合条件：
9 FAM 302.5-6(B)(7)(U) https://fam.state.gov/fam/09FAM/09FAM030205.html ):
“Aliens who joined communist organizations solely for the purpose of
obtaining, retaining, changing, or advancing in employment commensurate with
their educational background and experience, whose memberships were nominal
, and who do not appear to have subscribed to communist ideology, may be
considered to be within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii)."
国务院在这一条里面专门提到了因为入学，取得奖学金等原因：
Membership to Obtain or Continue High Education: An alien whose membership
was nominal and who does not appear to have subscribed to communist ideology
may be considered to fall within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii) if he
or she joined for one or more of the following reasons:
...
(c) (U) Membership was necessary to obtain academic benefits such as
scholarships, dormitory accommodations, food rations, reduced transportation
fares, etc.
并且认可，在党领导的国家，这种情况更加常见。如果是在其他国家比如美国加拿大入
的党，反而比较难解释：
Non-Voluntary Membership Usually Occurs In Communist Countries: Membership
or affiliation falling within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii) is usually
found to occur in a communist or communist-controlled country. While it is
possible for such association to happen in noncommunist countries, it is
substantially more difficult to establish.
以上是根据移民法提供的exception. 除此以外，还有根据美国最高法院判例提供的non
-meaningful membership exception，美国国务院在另一条里面做出了说明:
9 FAM 302.5-6(B)(6)(U) https://fam.state.gov/fam/09FAM/09FAM030205.html ):
“Non-meaningful membership or affiliation has never been codified in the
INA, but is rather a judicially-created concept. It does, however, afford
relief from inadmissibility in appropriate cases.” The Supreme Court held
in Rowoldt v. Perfetto (355 U.S. 115) that membership “did not constitute a
meaningful association” when “the alien had not had a commitment to the
political and ideological convictions of communism”
换句话说，对于普通党员，如果不认同共产主义信念，可能符合non-meaningful
membership exception.
在我们看到的情况中，凡是根据以上条例结合自身情况做了说明的，包括有几十年党龄
的申请人（亲属移民，美国公民的父母），申请都得到了批准。包括有两位最初485被
拒的，在提交Motion to Reopen以后也得到了批准。对于出国超过五年的申请人，这方
面更加简单一些。但是，即使是刚来到美国的，也可以得到批准。
什么样的人可能会有问题呢？有的人照抄模板，只改一个名字。有的人对于入党时间和
停止交党费的时间弄不清（有人提到，现在可以用微信给党发红包）。
政府网页改版已经不能用了。因此更新如下：
按照美国移民法（INA），党员不能移民美国。但是，INA里面又提供了exception，212
(a)(3)(D)(ii) ， the membership in communist party will not render an alien
inadmissible if the membership was for the purpose of obtaining employment.
美国国务院对这一条法律做出了更具体的解释。如果入党是为了工作等原因，而不是为
了认同共产主义理想，就有可能符合条件：
9 FAM 302.5-6(B)(7)(U) https://fam.state.gov/fam/09FAM/09FAM030205.html ):
“Aliens who joined communist organizations solely for the purpose of
obtaining, retaining, changing, or advancing in employment commensurate with
their educational background and experience, whose memberships were nominal
, and who do not appear to have subscribed to communist ideology, may be
considered to be within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii)."
国务院在这一条里面专门提到了因为入学，取得奖学金等原因：
Membership to Obtain or Continue High Education: An alien whose membership
was nominal and who does not appear to have subscribed to communist ideology
may be considered to fall within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii) if he
or she joined for one or more of the following reasons:
...
(c) (U) Membership was necessary to obtain academic benefits such as
scholarships, dormitory accommodations, food rations, reduced transportation
fares, etc.
并且认可，在党领导的国家，这种情况更加常见。如果是在其他国家比如美国加拿大入
的党，反而比较难解释：
Non-Voluntary Membership Usually Occurs In Communist Countries: Membership
or affiliation falling within the purview of INA 212(a)(3)(D)(ii) is usually
found to occur in a communist or communist-controlled country. While it is
possible for such association to happen in noncommunist countries, it is
substantially more difficult to establish.
以上是根据移民法提供的exception. 除此以外，还有根据美国最高法院判例提供的non
-meaningful membership exception，美国国务院在另一条里面做出了说明:
9 FAM 302.5-6(B)(6)(U) https://fam.state.gov/fam/09FAM/09FAM030205.html ):
“Non-meaningful membership or affiliation has never been codified in the
INA, but is rather a judicially-created concept. It does, however, afford
relief from inadmissibility in appropriate cases.” The Supreme Court held
in Rowoldt v. Perfetto (355 U.S. 115) that membership “did not constitute a
meaningful association” when “the alien had not had a commitment to the
political and ideological convictions of communism”
换句话说，对于普通党员，如果不认同共产主义信念，可能符合non-meaningful
membership exception.
在我们看到的情况中，凡是根据以上条例结合自身情况做了说明的，包括有几十年党龄
的申请人（亲属移民，美国公民的父母），申请都得到了批准。包括有两位最初485被
拒的，在提交Motion to Reopen以后也得到了批准。对于出国超过五年的申请人，这方
面更加简单一些。但是，即使是刚来到美国的，也可以得到批准。
什么样的人可能会有问题呢？有的人照抄模板，只改一个名字。有的人对于入党时间和
停止交党费的时间弄不清（有人提到，现在可以用微信给党发红包）。
