y*l
2 楼
看了这篇帖子,我惊呆了。不知道是不是真的。
1856年,
尼古拉·特斯拉,
出生在克罗地亚的一个塞族家庭。
特斯拉的出生地
出身卑微,
家境贫困,
未受过系统的大学教育,
24岁了还没找到工作。
1884年,
带着前雇主的推荐信,
特斯拉第一次来到美国,
见到了传说中的爱迪生。
特斯拉被爱迪生创立的通用电气公司聘用
因为信上写的是,
“我知道有两个伟大的人,一个是你,另一个就是这个年轻人。”
从简单的电器设计开始,
到解决棘手的难题,
特斯拉的天赋,
爱迪生都感到惊讶。
特斯拉重新设计了直流电机,
索取事先答应的5万美金报酬时,
爱迪生却拒绝了他。
特斯拉要求,
薪水从18美元涨到25美元,
爱迪生还是拒绝了他。
爱迪生与特斯拉,
从相爱走向相杀。
还是要从,
直流电与交流电说起。
爱迪生是直流电的死忠,
特斯拉主推交流电。
为了“黑”交流电,
爱迪生大开脑洞。
贿赂政府官员,
把死刑由绞刑改为交流电电刑。
甚至雇用小学生,
用交流电将流浪猫狗电死。
以此宣传交流电的危险性。
特斯拉则笃定
“你黑不黑,交流电就在那里”的信念,
发明了异步电动机,
通过哥伦比亚博览会的照明工程,
展示交流电的可靠性和安全性,
最终赢得了“电流之战”。
无线电是谁发明的?
伽利尔摩·马可尼。
他还因此获得了1909年的诺贝尔物理学奖。
事实是,特斯拉1897年就获得了无线电技术的专利。
特斯拉关于无线电信号传输的专利
在爱迪生的干预下,美国专利局撤销了特斯拉的专利权,转而授予马可尼。
1943年,美国最高法院重新认定尼古拉·特斯拉的专利有效,宣布马可尼的无线电专利
无效。
雷达是谁发明的?
罗伯特·沃特森·瓦特。
这个英国人在1935年发明了第一台实用雷达。
事实是,早在1917年,特斯拉就向美国海军提出了这个想法。
巧的是,爱迪生当时是海军研发中心的头儿,然后,就没有然后了。
X射线是谁发现的?
威廉·康拉德·伦琴。
他还因此获得了诺贝尔奖物理学奖。
事实是,特斯拉先于伦琴发现X射线,
并警告说这个东西很危险,
拒绝实施医学实验。
http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/U2pX1sAImwC3wKial52ibicyicgjxMV4nAcib85c6ID6HLNNmCRhlRLLRsDVOueWDR5q4Tj19DIMg0IMMHAgHws7ygA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg
特斯拉拍摄的X光手部照片
而他的“好基友”爱迪生却本着“敌人反对的便是我们支持的”的理念,玩命做X射线
的医学实验。
最后,因长期暴露在辐射环境中,爱迪生的助手截肢保命,自己也险些失明。
当然,
特斯拉也不全都是
“替他人做嫁衣”。
他发明了遥控器、
发动机火花塞、
霓虹灯、
现代电动机……
他建起了世界上第一个水利发电站
——尼亚加拉水电站。
他第一次成功记录接收了来自外太空无线电电波,他在一百多年前就持有晶体管的专利。
你也许会说,
这些发明乍一听很牛逼,
但想想也就那么回事。
在科技大爆炸的时代,
没有什么稀奇的。
好吧,下面就介绍一下特斯拉的黑科技。
1898年,
特斯拉制造了能产生人工地震的振荡器,
在输入频率时,
差点将纽约市夷为平地。
1899年,
特斯拉造出一大堆球状闪电,
这是迄今为止,
世界上唯一一次在实验室制造出球状闪电。
1901年,
特斯拉建造了沃登克里弗塔,
用于横跨大西洋的无线电能传输实验。
现在手机吹嘘的“无线充电技术”,
其实是特斯拉100年前玩剩下的。
1856年,
尼古拉·特斯拉,
出生在克罗地亚的一个塞族家庭。
特斯拉的出生地
出身卑微,
家境贫困,
未受过系统的大学教育,
24岁了还没找到工作。
1884年,
带着前雇主的推荐信,
特斯拉第一次来到美国,
见到了传说中的爱迪生。
特斯拉被爱迪生创立的通用电气公司聘用
因为信上写的是,
“我知道有两个伟大的人,一个是你,另一个就是这个年轻人。”
从简单的电器设计开始,
到解决棘手的难题,
特斯拉的天赋,
爱迪生都感到惊讶。
特斯拉重新设计了直流电机,
索取事先答应的5万美金报酬时,
爱迪生却拒绝了他。
特斯拉要求,
薪水从18美元涨到25美元,
爱迪生还是拒绝了他。
爱迪生与特斯拉,
从相爱走向相杀。
还是要从,
直流电与交流电说起。
爱迪生是直流电的死忠,
特斯拉主推交流电。
为了“黑”交流电,
爱迪生大开脑洞。
贿赂政府官员,
把死刑由绞刑改为交流电电刑。
甚至雇用小学生,
用交流电将流浪猫狗电死。
以此宣传交流电的危险性。
特斯拉则笃定
“你黑不黑,交流电就在那里”的信念,
发明了异步电动机,
通过哥伦比亚博览会的照明工程,
展示交流电的可靠性和安全性,
最终赢得了“电流之战”。
无线电是谁发明的?
伽利尔摩·马可尼。
他还因此获得了1909年的诺贝尔物理学奖。
事实是,特斯拉1897年就获得了无线电技术的专利。
特斯拉关于无线电信号传输的专利
在爱迪生的干预下,美国专利局撤销了特斯拉的专利权,转而授予马可尼。
1943年,美国最高法院重新认定尼古拉·特斯拉的专利有效,宣布马可尼的无线电专利
无效。
雷达是谁发明的?
罗伯特·沃特森·瓦特。
这个英国人在1935年发明了第一台实用雷达。
事实是,早在1917年,特斯拉就向美国海军提出了这个想法。
巧的是,爱迪生当时是海军研发中心的头儿,然后,就没有然后了。
X射线是谁发现的?
威廉·康拉德·伦琴。
他还因此获得了诺贝尔奖物理学奖。
事实是,特斯拉先于伦琴发现X射线,
并警告说这个东西很危险,
拒绝实施医学实验。
http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/U2pX1sAImwC3wKial52ibicyicgjxMV4nAcib85c6ID6HLNNmCRhlRLLRsDVOueWDR5q4Tj19DIMg0IMMHAgHws7ygA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg
特斯拉拍摄的X光手部照片
而他的“好基友”爱迪生却本着“敌人反对的便是我们支持的”的理念,玩命做X射线
的医学实验。
最后,因长期暴露在辐射环境中,爱迪生的助手截肢保命,自己也险些失明。
当然,
特斯拉也不全都是
“替他人做嫁衣”。
他发明了遥控器、
发动机火花塞、
霓虹灯、
现代电动机……
他建起了世界上第一个水利发电站
——尼亚加拉水电站。
他第一次成功记录接收了来自外太空无线电电波,他在一百多年前就持有晶体管的专利。
你也许会说,
这些发明乍一听很牛逼,
但想想也就那么回事。
在科技大爆炸的时代,
没有什么稀奇的。
好吧,下面就介绍一下特斯拉的黑科技。
1898年,
特斯拉制造了能产生人工地震的振荡器,
在输入频率时,
差点将纽约市夷为平地。
1899年,
特斯拉造出一大堆球状闪电,
这是迄今为止,
世界上唯一一次在实验室制造出球状闪电。
1901年,
特斯拉建造了沃登克里弗塔,
用于横跨大西洋的无线电能传输实验。
现在手机吹嘘的“无线充电技术”,
其实是特斯拉100年前玩剩下的。
k*2
9 楼
这篇文章讨论了很多错误地把荣誉归到telsa头上的。
http://www.edisontechcenter.org/tesladebunked.html
【在 s******y 的大作中提到】
: 越看越象个穿越男。
http://www.edisontechcenter.org/tesladebunked.html
【在 s******y 的大作中提到】
: 越看越象个穿越男。
k*2
10 楼
False facts about Tesla giving him more credit than he deserves.
In today's world of infotainment, web pages and documentaries have popped up
proclaiming Nikola (Nicola) Tesla of being the inventor of practically
everything. The more sites that pop up, the more reinforced false facts
become. This is wrong because it denies respect for the true inventors of
the technology, as well as over-simplifies history. If you love Tesla,
prepare to get seriously upset as you realize you've been led on by
mainstream media. The truth hurts but I hope your inspired to get deeper
into the real history of this amazing era of early electricity.
Nikola Tesla: dreamer, showman, NYC socialite and vain douchebag. His
metaphysical speeches and grand demonstrations captivated the newspapers and
wealthy but his actual contributions to engineering are limited. His
narcissistic behavior leads him to not credit his assistants or co-workers
for helping. He even fails to thank people on his "side" like Ben Lamme and
Shallenberger at Westinghouse who took his useless induction motor prototype
and redesigned it into something worth talking about (and selling).
Didn't your mother tell you not to believe everything you read on the
internet? So before you go back to the Tesla mania pages we suggest you go
to a library and dig up some facts from books and patent applications, just
as real historians have.
Tesla - Center of Media Attention Since the 1880s:
Tesla's position as the god of pop science and fantasy is not just the
product of the internet. As it turns out Tesla lived in Manhattan and was
always ready to give newspapers his opinion on matters. Whereas other
inventors and engineers were busy working in far away places like Pittsburgh
and Schenectady (actually getting work done). Tesla loved to talk and dine
with New York's elite. He used his position in the heart of mainstream media
at NYC and worked, and still works well for him. The press were recently
inspired by the the huge changes Thomas Edison had made for the world and
everyone was looking to find the next inventor-god to give us hope, Tesla
was one of the people they glorified. Oddly enough this eloquent speaking "
blowhard" continues to dazzle audiences 130 years later despite modern
science and math which shows he was wrong about much of what he said, and
most engineers and scientists of the day were disappointed that he did not
achieve the exciting ideas he spoke about. Lets look at the myths that media
has created over the years below.
This three phase generator and system by Dobrovolsky conclusively ended the
War of Currents 1891.
Myth 1:
Tesla invented polyphase AC power, or some say AC power in general: FALSE.
First there was a hand-cranked AC generator developed by Hippolyte Pixii in
1832. Single phase AC power was being used more in Europe by many inventors
in the early 1880s. As early as the late 1870's Germany had developed a
crude 2 phase AC generator. Galileo Ferraris, a scientist in Italy started
talking openly about polyphase AC in 1885, one year later Tesla approached
investors with his version of an AC system but did not succeed in generating
interest. Ferraris also inspired Thomson at Thomson-Houston and engineers
at Westinghouse to investigate the system however there was little
confidence among investors in AC power at the time.
From a world perspective there were many people working on AC systems over
the next few years. August Haselwander and C.S. Bradley(a former Edison
employee) created the first 3 phase AC generators(1887). Mikhail Dolivo-
Dobrovolsky built the first full 3 phase AC generation and distribution
system in the 1888-1891 period. Tesla to his credit was able to inspire
Westinghouse to jump into AC, but very quickly Tesla's two-phase system was
made obsolete by three phase systems which could more efficiently send power
farther. The fact is that like today there are many people working on
cutting edge technology and if Tesla had not gotten Westinghouse's attention
in 1888, Westinghouse would have bought patents from others. Thomson was
close to innovation on the AC system as well, and the world would be no
different without Tesla, it may have just taken another year for polyphase
to get adopted by Westinghouse or Elihu Thomson's company.
Myth 2:
Tesla invented the transformer: FALSE.
The Ganz company in Budapest was the first to create and use transformers in
AC systems in the late 1870s. Tesla was still in school then and hadn't
even began his first job in the field of telephony. His first job was in
Budapest in 1880, this is where he possibly observed/stole ideas, and was
convinced by the Hungarians that AC was viable and worth pursuing while the
West was still 5 years behind.
William Stanley invented the first modern transformer in 1885. His design
was based on the Gaulard and Gibbs design. Gaulard had used his transformer
in the 1884 Lanzo to Turin AC power demonstration. Also credit goes to the Z
.B.D Transformer in Hungary The Z.B.D. Transformer proved to be extremely
inefficient and problematic so Stanley designed his own. This is backed up
by information at the Smithsonian and IEEE. The Edison Tech Center has
published a lot of material on William Stanley sourcing from the Great
Barrington Historical Society, the Berkshire Museum and historian Tom
Blalock. It was in 1885 that Tesla actually joined the minority of inventors
working with AC in trying to pitch his system. There is no proof that Tesla
had any mature AC systems designed and ready before then. (Tesla claims to
have envisioned his own full AC system in 1882 but there are no written
documents of any kind to prove this)
Károly Zipernowsky, Miksa Déri and Ottó Bláthy invented the first
transformer. William Stanley perfected the transformer in monocyclic and 3
phase AC systems. Tesla and his Westinghouse co-worker Oliver Shallenberger
developed the transformer to work work with his 2 phase AC systems. Due to
Tesla's egomania you will never hear him thank Shallenberger or cohorts. It
was clear he was not a team player and it is no surprise Westinghouse didn't
want him around for long. His technical contributions were appreciated and
Tesla was generously paid by Westinghouse for his work. Shallenberger and
others at Westinghouse benefited from Steinmetz's mathematics and were able
to create a 3 phase system later on to replace Tesla's system.
Stanley's Transformer
Above: Stanley's landmark transformer from 1885, the prototypes are located
in Pittsfield, MA and another is on display at the Smithsonian, I've seen
them both.
Myth 3:
Tesla invented the induction coil: FALSE. Absolutely false...
Induction was discovered by Michael Faraday, and the induction coil was
invented by Nicholas Callan in 1836, long before Tesla was born.
Myth 4:
Tesla invented the loudspeaker: FALSE.
The loudspeaker as we know it was invented by C.W. Rice and Edward Kellogg
with a working prototype in 1921, and patent in 1925. Decades before this
final success, Werner Von Siemens had toyed with the idea of a magnetically
controlled speaker while Tesla was in grade school.
Myth 5:
Tesla invented radar in 1917: FALSE.
This one is a real can of worms, radar was made possible due to the work of
Christian Hulsmeyer (German)1903, Lee De Forest 1918, Edwin Armstrong 1918,
Ernst Alexanderson, Marconi, Albert Hull, Edward Victor Appleton, and
Russians who developed a radar system to detect German planes in 1934. Sir
Robert Watson-Watt demonstrated the first HF radar system in 1935 which
operated at 6 MHz and had a range of 8 miles. There are many books on this
subject.
Myth 6:
Tesla invented the fluorescent lamp: FALSE.
Alexandre E. Becquerel first examined the phenomena of fluorescence in 1857.
Some say Edison invented the lamps. Others say George Inman developed the
modern fluorescent lamp in 1934. It is tough to say who was first since
there was a legal dispute. There is a possibility that the German Edmund
Germer preceded both of them. Many people worked on the concept, Inman
deserve the credit for building the first successful and practical design.
Even if Tesla had played with the theories, he was not alone at any time,
and didn't do squat compared to others who had actually worked out the
difficulties into a real working product. Daniel McFarlan Moore developed
the Moore Tube which was the first commercial ancestor of the fluorescent
lamp.
Above graphic: just some of the inventors of the standard fluorescent light.
Missing from this graphic is Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla who both
contributed but were not key contributors. Tesla was more important in
promotion and development of the of the induction lamp which also used
fluorescence. Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, J. J. Thomson, Nikola Tesla, Peter
Cooper Hewitt and John Anderson were the top 5 contributors making the
induction lamp possible.
Myth 7:
Tesla invented microwave transmitters: FALSE.
Albert W. Hull invented a type of magnetron which lead to many inventions,
including today's microwave oven, the microwave communications link, and
radar. You can dig deeper on this and find many early pioneers even before
Albert Hull. The Edison Tech Center and Schenectady Museum have a lot of
material on this era of history.
Myth 8:
The 1895 Niagara Falls Hydropower Plant was the first commercial AC hydro
power plant: FALSE.
This is absolutely false. AC power sites were developed first in Europe from
1878-1885. After 1885 Westinghouse hired Stanley, Oliver Shallenberger,
Benjamin Lamme, and others to build AC power systems in North America. Tesla
didn't join Westinghouse until 1888. See our list of early AC power sites
here.
The Redlands Power Plant build in 1893 was the first 3 phase AC power plant
built for commercial purposes in North America. Elihu Thomson, Almirian
Decker and Dr. ,Louis Bell worked together to design this site a few years
before in Lynn, Massachusetts. Dobrovolsky had build the first full
hydroelectric three phase AC power system at Frankfurt in 1891. Also, at the
time Charles P. Steinmetz was the only one to understand the concept of
hysteresis and related physics concepts that helped run the AC generator.
Steinmetz was a humble man, and like many technical men, loved teaching and
connecting to other humans just as much as the technology. People with a
teaching spirit have often let others take the fame and patents. Fame and
business success are the focus of only a percentage of engineers. The love
of the craft is common among all of them.
Myth 9:
Tesla was the underdog who did not promote himself: FALSE.
If you begin to read at all about history of technology at the time you will
find that inventions and ideas spread like wildfire from as far east as
Hungary and Moscow, to the U.S. For someone like Edison or Tesla it was
important to keep up the show and wizardry to captivate the public. And they
both did that very well. In the ruthlessly competitive environment of New
York City the game was, (and still is) about fame/success at any cost. Tesla
, when living on Fifth Avenue was at the epicenter of this pressure. Tesla
was business natured, he understood he had to relentlessly promote himself
to become like the more successful Edison. Most inventors at the time did
not have the relentless need for attention that both of them had.
Myth 10:
Back in the late 1800's the conflict for AC vs. DC was Tesla vs. Edison, or
Westinghouse vs. General Electric: FALSE.
General Electric was formed in 1892 and by that time Thomas Edison had a
minimal role in the workings of the company. While Edison promoted DC power
from his home down in New Jersey/New York City area, Elihu Thomson, William
Stanley, and C.P. Steinmetz promoted AC as the future. The company was not "
for DC". Tesla and Edison did not get along, that's true... but of course!
Popular media likes to promote the AC vs. DC conflict in a simple easy-to-
digest package simply because all the Mass Communication majors and
journalists have been taught that the public loves to watch and read about
conflict. One page reads: "Edison also hated Tesla because Tesla invented...
" and so on, the quote highlights once again the conflict aspect. If
conflict and drama is your focus of interest, than study the World Wrestling
Federation, not engineering.
More Controversy: Who invented the polyphase electric motor?:
Tesla was first to patent the 3 phase AC motor in the USA 1888, but read on:
Galileo Ferraris had come up with the same design months before in Italy,
and Ferraris had talked about the motor as early as 1885. Ferraris was a
university professor with no interest in making money from the invention. We
know that Tesla was extremely intelligent and was able to memorize entire
books after reading them. It is entirely possible that Tesla had obtained a
copy of Ferraris's publication to the Royal Academy of Sciences in Turin and
was able to understand Ferraris's design. He would be able to copy and
clarify the design on paper and submit that to the patent office with the
help of Tesla's well-paid team of lawyers. If this was the case than it is
just another case of how businessmen with their well paid lawyers have
crushed an academic person's claim on being the first. History was almost
rewritten here but documents have proven Galileo's claim. Tesla had no
evidence to support his self-made claim that he envisioned the motor in 1882
. In addition to this Mr. Ferraris had a track record of being an innovator
in the greatest events of European AC development in the early 1880's. Tesla
had limited experience in AC and was not picked up by Westinghouse until
1888, after his claim of inventing a poly phase motor. Read more on the
trial here.
Free Electric Power:
Many Tesla fans claim a conspiracy theory stopped Tesla from making "free"
electric power distribution wirelessly. First of all infrastructure is still
needed and there is no way power will ever be "free". Wireless power
distribution is not practical since it is extremely inefficient with huge
losses over even a short distance. The final killer of Tesla's idea is the
enormous danger of wireless power transmission for wildlife (birds) and
damage to humans. Given the big debate on danger of cellphones to humans,
and cellphones contain very low power levels, you can only imagine the
danger of high powered wireless transmission.
Tesla vs. Edison - An attractive human story, but this isn't engineering.
Tesla left Thomas Edison's company frustrated and short changed. This is a
popular story, but Tesla wasn't the only one who left Edison the same way.
Edison the Stubborn:
As the Tesla popular myth states: Tesla had approached Edison with the idea
of trying AC development, and Tesla was the lone visionary, however Edison
scoffed and said AC would never amount to anything. The truth is he wasn't
alone. Others approached Edison and got the same results. C. S. Bradley had
worked for Edison, he was convinced about AC's future, he left and invented
the three-phase generator in 1887. Otto Blathy who invented the ZBD
Transformer in Hungary came on a business trip to meet Edison in 1886. He
tried to sell his patent to Edison, again, Edison scoffed at him. This was
clearly a poor business decision because by this point Westinghouse had
already built and demonstrated a working AC system at Great Barrington, Mass
. Elihu Thomson of Thomson-Houston in Massachusetts was already trying to
build his own transformer.
Electrocuting Elephants:
Another element in the Tesla vs. Edison debate which Tesla fanatics use to
energize support for their "cause" is the electrocution of Topsy the
elephant in 1903. Thomas Edison or his PR team, working independently of
General Electric wanted to show the dangers of AC power by killing this
innocent animal. Tesla is unlikely to have done the same to his credit, but
most people in the population at the time had little regard for the fair
treatment of animals. It is unlikely Edison stood out from other innovators
who used animals to test medical treatments or conduct painful experiments.
It was clearly a dark time for animals in industry. In 1903 General Electric
had already been making revolutionary new AC power systems for 18 years and
had some of the world's best engineers working on AC. Tesla fanatics are
more known for their passion than their "historian" side, they fail to have
the slightest understanding of the business atmosphere at the time or the
wealth of OTHER great minds working on AC. While Edison was living in the
past in 1903 promoting DC, the company he created which had led to the
formation of General Electric (1892) was already a leader in AC power. The
board of directors cast off Edison as unable to work in a team and a nut
just as Tesla was cast off by Westinghouse as "unpredictable" and a nut who
would sink the company financially with non-practical pursuits.
Edison and Tesla were independent inventors and had a lot in common.
Contrary to the garbage that Tesla scholar tell you Thomas Edison actually
stood up for Tesla at times. Edison used his influence to stop a damaging
article about Tesla from getting published as he knew of Tesla's insecure
personality. Edison feared that the article would send Tesla off the deep
end into depression and that it would hurt his work. Edison actually
encouraged Tesla at times and hoped Tesla could solve current problems
including the design of a better x-ray. Edison respected Tesla's work on
high frequency power and like many people of the day hoped that Tesla would
deliver on breakthroughs which he promised.
Back to Topsy the elephant: So who cares if Edison the nut was still
promoting DC in 1903? Siemens-Halske, General Electric, Oerlikon,
Westinghouse had already moved on into an AC world. There was no War of
Currents in 1903. That war had ended in 1891.
Tesla was no "lone visionary" of AC power, he was simply smart enough to
keep his eye on great developments of AC in Europe during the early-mid
1880s. He was one of a small group (the minority) of engineers working on AC
in America in the mid 1880s. Tesla's first opportunity to work for a real
company on AC power came after he "stole" or simultaneously invented the
polyphase electric motor in 1888. At a public presentation Elihu Thomson and
Westinghouse both thought that Tesla had potential. Thomson (later became
GE) offered him a lower position to start. Tesla's ego lead him to decline
the opportunity. Lucky for him later on Westinghouse offered him a position
with his already established team of engineers working on AC. Westinghouse
then got control of Tesla's induction motor patent which helped make them
hundreds of millions of dollars. When the induction motor patent was
contested in 1905 Westinghouse put it's best lawyers to work defending this
cash maker. Let the induction motor fall into public domain and make Tesla
loose credibility? The corporate might of Westinghouse would never let this
happen!
Conclusion:
I could go on listing all of the false attributions and conspiracy theories
regarding Tesla, but this would be a waste of time. The important thing is
painting a true picture of ALL the wonderful and amazing personalities of
technology in our history. Nikola Tesla was an inventor, and did share a
love of engineering and science. And for this he deserves to be honored, but
don't fall for the populist rhetoric. I'd recommend visiting the Deutsches
Museum in Munich where many of the original first motors and dynamos are on
display with accurate listings of attributions.
Read about the amazing and real history of AC power here:
AC Power History
This article inspires controversy:
2015: Interestingly enough one of the largest sources of exaggerated Tesla
history in the last few years was a cartoonist (Mr. Inman) who runs the
website "The Oatmeal". A cartoonist (a guy with no engineering, legal or
historian background) born in 1982 on the wrong side of the continent felt
the liberty of making passionate statements about New York's electrical
history based on crap he read on the internet. After a Forbes article by
Alex Knapp about the myths of Tesla inspired by this Edison Tech Center
article came out, the cartoonist attacks Knapp in the arrogant and cynical
style typically demonstrated by the worst of US-born Millennials. Mr. Inman,
like many comedians seems to be fundamentally unhappy and finds an outlet
through humor. Oddly enough his behavior is similar to Tesla's in that he
reacts in a nasty fashion if someone challenges his ideas, even when they
mean well.
In today's world of infotainment, web pages and documentaries have popped up
proclaiming Nikola (Nicola) Tesla of being the inventor of practically
everything. The more sites that pop up, the more reinforced false facts
become. This is wrong because it denies respect for the true inventors of
the technology, as well as over-simplifies history. If you love Tesla,
prepare to get seriously upset as you realize you've been led on by
mainstream media. The truth hurts but I hope your inspired to get deeper
into the real history of this amazing era of early electricity.
Nikola Tesla: dreamer, showman, NYC socialite and vain douchebag. His
metaphysical speeches and grand demonstrations captivated the newspapers and
wealthy but his actual contributions to engineering are limited. His
narcissistic behavior leads him to not credit his assistants or co-workers
for helping. He even fails to thank people on his "side" like Ben Lamme and
Shallenberger at Westinghouse who took his useless induction motor prototype
and redesigned it into something worth talking about (and selling).
Didn't your mother tell you not to believe everything you read on the
internet? So before you go back to the Tesla mania pages we suggest you go
to a library and dig up some facts from books and patent applications, just
as real historians have.
Tesla - Center of Media Attention Since the 1880s:
Tesla's position as the god of pop science and fantasy is not just the
product of the internet. As it turns out Tesla lived in Manhattan and was
always ready to give newspapers his opinion on matters. Whereas other
inventors and engineers were busy working in far away places like Pittsburgh
and Schenectady (actually getting work done). Tesla loved to talk and dine
with New York's elite. He used his position in the heart of mainstream media
at NYC and worked, and still works well for him. The press were recently
inspired by the the huge changes Thomas Edison had made for the world and
everyone was looking to find the next inventor-god to give us hope, Tesla
was one of the people they glorified. Oddly enough this eloquent speaking "
blowhard" continues to dazzle audiences 130 years later despite modern
science and math which shows he was wrong about much of what he said, and
most engineers and scientists of the day were disappointed that he did not
achieve the exciting ideas he spoke about. Lets look at the myths that media
has created over the years below.
This three phase generator and system by Dobrovolsky conclusively ended the
War of Currents 1891.
Myth 1:
Tesla invented polyphase AC power, or some say AC power in general: FALSE.
First there was a hand-cranked AC generator developed by Hippolyte Pixii in
1832. Single phase AC power was being used more in Europe by many inventors
in the early 1880s. As early as the late 1870's Germany had developed a
crude 2 phase AC generator. Galileo Ferraris, a scientist in Italy started
talking openly about polyphase AC in 1885, one year later Tesla approached
investors with his version of an AC system but did not succeed in generating
interest. Ferraris also inspired Thomson at Thomson-Houston and engineers
at Westinghouse to investigate the system however there was little
confidence among investors in AC power at the time.
From a world perspective there were many people working on AC systems over
the next few years. August Haselwander and C.S. Bradley(a former Edison
employee) created the first 3 phase AC generators(1887). Mikhail Dolivo-
Dobrovolsky built the first full 3 phase AC generation and distribution
system in the 1888-1891 period. Tesla to his credit was able to inspire
Westinghouse to jump into AC, but very quickly Tesla's two-phase system was
made obsolete by three phase systems which could more efficiently send power
farther. The fact is that like today there are many people working on
cutting edge technology and if Tesla had not gotten Westinghouse's attention
in 1888, Westinghouse would have bought patents from others. Thomson was
close to innovation on the AC system as well, and the world would be no
different without Tesla, it may have just taken another year for polyphase
to get adopted by Westinghouse or Elihu Thomson's company.
Myth 2:
Tesla invented the transformer: FALSE.
The Ganz company in Budapest was the first to create and use transformers in
AC systems in the late 1870s. Tesla was still in school then and hadn't
even began his first job in the field of telephony. His first job was in
Budapest in 1880, this is where he possibly observed/stole ideas, and was
convinced by the Hungarians that AC was viable and worth pursuing while the
West was still 5 years behind.
William Stanley invented the first modern transformer in 1885. His design
was based on the Gaulard and Gibbs design. Gaulard had used his transformer
in the 1884 Lanzo to Turin AC power demonstration. Also credit goes to the Z
.B.D Transformer in Hungary The Z.B.D. Transformer proved to be extremely
inefficient and problematic so Stanley designed his own. This is backed up
by information at the Smithsonian and IEEE. The Edison Tech Center has
published a lot of material on William Stanley sourcing from the Great
Barrington Historical Society, the Berkshire Museum and historian Tom
Blalock. It was in 1885 that Tesla actually joined the minority of inventors
working with AC in trying to pitch his system. There is no proof that Tesla
had any mature AC systems designed and ready before then. (Tesla claims to
have envisioned his own full AC system in 1882 but there are no written
documents of any kind to prove this)
Károly Zipernowsky, Miksa Déri and Ottó Bláthy invented the first
transformer. William Stanley perfected the transformer in monocyclic and 3
phase AC systems. Tesla and his Westinghouse co-worker Oliver Shallenberger
developed the transformer to work work with his 2 phase AC systems. Due to
Tesla's egomania you will never hear him thank Shallenberger or cohorts. It
was clear he was not a team player and it is no surprise Westinghouse didn't
want him around for long. His technical contributions were appreciated and
Tesla was generously paid by Westinghouse for his work. Shallenberger and
others at Westinghouse benefited from Steinmetz's mathematics and were able
to create a 3 phase system later on to replace Tesla's system.
Stanley's Transformer
Above: Stanley's landmark transformer from 1885, the prototypes are located
in Pittsfield, MA and another is on display at the Smithsonian, I've seen
them both.
Myth 3:
Tesla invented the induction coil: FALSE. Absolutely false...
Induction was discovered by Michael Faraday, and the induction coil was
invented by Nicholas Callan in 1836, long before Tesla was born.
Myth 4:
Tesla invented the loudspeaker: FALSE.
The loudspeaker as we know it was invented by C.W. Rice and Edward Kellogg
with a working prototype in 1921, and patent in 1925. Decades before this
final success, Werner Von Siemens had toyed with the idea of a magnetically
controlled speaker while Tesla was in grade school.
Myth 5:
Tesla invented radar in 1917: FALSE.
This one is a real can of worms, radar was made possible due to the work of
Christian Hulsmeyer (German)1903, Lee De Forest 1918, Edwin Armstrong 1918,
Ernst Alexanderson, Marconi, Albert Hull, Edward Victor Appleton, and
Russians who developed a radar system to detect German planes in 1934. Sir
Robert Watson-Watt demonstrated the first HF radar system in 1935 which
operated at 6 MHz and had a range of 8 miles. There are many books on this
subject.
Myth 6:
Tesla invented the fluorescent lamp: FALSE.
Alexandre E. Becquerel first examined the phenomena of fluorescence in 1857.
Some say Edison invented the lamps. Others say George Inman developed the
modern fluorescent lamp in 1934. It is tough to say who was first since
there was a legal dispute. There is a possibility that the German Edmund
Germer preceded both of them. Many people worked on the concept, Inman
deserve the credit for building the first successful and practical design.
Even if Tesla had played with the theories, he was not alone at any time,
and didn't do squat compared to others who had actually worked out the
difficulties into a real working product. Daniel McFarlan Moore developed
the Moore Tube which was the first commercial ancestor of the fluorescent
lamp.
Above graphic: just some of the inventors of the standard fluorescent light.
Missing from this graphic is Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla who both
contributed but were not key contributors. Tesla was more important in
promotion and development of the of the induction lamp which also used
fluorescence. Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, J. J. Thomson, Nikola Tesla, Peter
Cooper Hewitt and John Anderson were the top 5 contributors making the
induction lamp possible.
Myth 7:
Tesla invented microwave transmitters: FALSE.
Albert W. Hull invented a type of magnetron which lead to many inventions,
including today's microwave oven, the microwave communications link, and
radar. You can dig deeper on this and find many early pioneers even before
Albert Hull. The Edison Tech Center and Schenectady Museum have a lot of
material on this era of history.
Myth 8:
The 1895 Niagara Falls Hydropower Plant was the first commercial AC hydro
power plant: FALSE.
This is absolutely false. AC power sites were developed first in Europe from
1878-1885. After 1885 Westinghouse hired Stanley, Oliver Shallenberger,
Benjamin Lamme, and others to build AC power systems in North America. Tesla
didn't join Westinghouse until 1888. See our list of early AC power sites
here.
The Redlands Power Plant build in 1893 was the first 3 phase AC power plant
built for commercial purposes in North America. Elihu Thomson, Almirian
Decker and Dr. ,Louis Bell worked together to design this site a few years
before in Lynn, Massachusetts. Dobrovolsky had build the first full
hydroelectric three phase AC power system at Frankfurt in 1891. Also, at the
time Charles P. Steinmetz was the only one to understand the concept of
hysteresis and related physics concepts that helped run the AC generator.
Steinmetz was a humble man, and like many technical men, loved teaching and
connecting to other humans just as much as the technology. People with a
teaching spirit have often let others take the fame and patents. Fame and
business success are the focus of only a percentage of engineers. The love
of the craft is common among all of them.
Myth 9:
Tesla was the underdog who did not promote himself: FALSE.
If you begin to read at all about history of technology at the time you will
find that inventions and ideas spread like wildfire from as far east as
Hungary and Moscow, to the U.S. For someone like Edison or Tesla it was
important to keep up the show and wizardry to captivate the public. And they
both did that very well. In the ruthlessly competitive environment of New
York City the game was, (and still is) about fame/success at any cost. Tesla
, when living on Fifth Avenue was at the epicenter of this pressure. Tesla
was business natured, he understood he had to relentlessly promote himself
to become like the more successful Edison. Most inventors at the time did
not have the relentless need for attention that both of them had.
Myth 10:
Back in the late 1800's the conflict for AC vs. DC was Tesla vs. Edison, or
Westinghouse vs. General Electric: FALSE.
General Electric was formed in 1892 and by that time Thomas Edison had a
minimal role in the workings of the company. While Edison promoted DC power
from his home down in New Jersey/New York City area, Elihu Thomson, William
Stanley, and C.P. Steinmetz promoted AC as the future. The company was not "
for DC". Tesla and Edison did not get along, that's true... but of course!
Popular media likes to promote the AC vs. DC conflict in a simple easy-to-
digest package simply because all the Mass Communication majors and
journalists have been taught that the public loves to watch and read about
conflict. One page reads: "Edison also hated Tesla because Tesla invented...
" and so on, the quote highlights once again the conflict aspect. If
conflict and drama is your focus of interest, than study the World Wrestling
Federation, not engineering.
More Controversy: Who invented the polyphase electric motor?:
Tesla was first to patent the 3 phase AC motor in the USA 1888, but read on:
Galileo Ferraris had come up with the same design months before in Italy,
and Ferraris had talked about the motor as early as 1885. Ferraris was a
university professor with no interest in making money from the invention. We
know that Tesla was extremely intelligent and was able to memorize entire
books after reading them. It is entirely possible that Tesla had obtained a
copy of Ferraris's publication to the Royal Academy of Sciences in Turin and
was able to understand Ferraris's design. He would be able to copy and
clarify the design on paper and submit that to the patent office with the
help of Tesla's well-paid team of lawyers. If this was the case than it is
just another case of how businessmen with their well paid lawyers have
crushed an academic person's claim on being the first. History was almost
rewritten here but documents have proven Galileo's claim. Tesla had no
evidence to support his self-made claim that he envisioned the motor in 1882
. In addition to this Mr. Ferraris had a track record of being an innovator
in the greatest events of European AC development in the early 1880's. Tesla
had limited experience in AC and was not picked up by Westinghouse until
1888, after his claim of inventing a poly phase motor. Read more on the
trial here.
Free Electric Power:
Many Tesla fans claim a conspiracy theory stopped Tesla from making "free"
electric power distribution wirelessly. First of all infrastructure is still
needed and there is no way power will ever be "free". Wireless power
distribution is not practical since it is extremely inefficient with huge
losses over even a short distance. The final killer of Tesla's idea is the
enormous danger of wireless power transmission for wildlife (birds) and
damage to humans. Given the big debate on danger of cellphones to humans,
and cellphones contain very low power levels, you can only imagine the
danger of high powered wireless transmission.
Tesla vs. Edison - An attractive human story, but this isn't engineering.
Tesla left Thomas Edison's company frustrated and short changed. This is a
popular story, but Tesla wasn't the only one who left Edison the same way.
Edison the Stubborn:
As the Tesla popular myth states: Tesla had approached Edison with the idea
of trying AC development, and Tesla was the lone visionary, however Edison
scoffed and said AC would never amount to anything. The truth is he wasn't
alone. Others approached Edison and got the same results. C. S. Bradley had
worked for Edison, he was convinced about AC's future, he left and invented
the three-phase generator in 1887. Otto Blathy who invented the ZBD
Transformer in Hungary came on a business trip to meet Edison in 1886. He
tried to sell his patent to Edison, again, Edison scoffed at him. This was
clearly a poor business decision because by this point Westinghouse had
already built and demonstrated a working AC system at Great Barrington, Mass
. Elihu Thomson of Thomson-Houston in Massachusetts was already trying to
build his own transformer.
Electrocuting Elephants:
Another element in the Tesla vs. Edison debate which Tesla fanatics use to
energize support for their "cause" is the electrocution of Topsy the
elephant in 1903. Thomas Edison or his PR team, working independently of
General Electric wanted to show the dangers of AC power by killing this
innocent animal. Tesla is unlikely to have done the same to his credit, but
most people in the population at the time had little regard for the fair
treatment of animals. It is unlikely Edison stood out from other innovators
who used animals to test medical treatments or conduct painful experiments.
It was clearly a dark time for animals in industry. In 1903 General Electric
had already been making revolutionary new AC power systems for 18 years and
had some of the world's best engineers working on AC. Tesla fanatics are
more known for their passion than their "historian" side, they fail to have
the slightest understanding of the business atmosphere at the time or the
wealth of OTHER great minds working on AC. While Edison was living in the
past in 1903 promoting DC, the company he created which had led to the
formation of General Electric (1892) was already a leader in AC power. The
board of directors cast off Edison as unable to work in a team and a nut
just as Tesla was cast off by Westinghouse as "unpredictable" and a nut who
would sink the company financially with non-practical pursuits.
Edison and Tesla were independent inventors and had a lot in common.
Contrary to the garbage that Tesla scholar tell you Thomas Edison actually
stood up for Tesla at times. Edison used his influence to stop a damaging
article about Tesla from getting published as he knew of Tesla's insecure
personality. Edison feared that the article would send Tesla off the deep
end into depression and that it would hurt his work. Edison actually
encouraged Tesla at times and hoped Tesla could solve current problems
including the design of a better x-ray. Edison respected Tesla's work on
high frequency power and like many people of the day hoped that Tesla would
deliver on breakthroughs which he promised.
Back to Topsy the elephant: So who cares if Edison the nut was still
promoting DC in 1903? Siemens-Halske, General Electric, Oerlikon,
Westinghouse had already moved on into an AC world. There was no War of
Currents in 1903. That war had ended in 1891.
Tesla was no "lone visionary" of AC power, he was simply smart enough to
keep his eye on great developments of AC in Europe during the early-mid
1880s. He was one of a small group (the minority) of engineers working on AC
in America in the mid 1880s. Tesla's first opportunity to work for a real
company on AC power came after he "stole" or simultaneously invented the
polyphase electric motor in 1888. At a public presentation Elihu Thomson and
Westinghouse both thought that Tesla had potential. Thomson (later became
GE) offered him a lower position to start. Tesla's ego lead him to decline
the opportunity. Lucky for him later on Westinghouse offered him a position
with his already established team of engineers working on AC. Westinghouse
then got control of Tesla's induction motor patent which helped make them
hundreds of millions of dollars. When the induction motor patent was
contested in 1905 Westinghouse put it's best lawyers to work defending this
cash maker. Let the induction motor fall into public domain and make Tesla
loose credibility? The corporate might of Westinghouse would never let this
happen!
Conclusion:
I could go on listing all of the false attributions and conspiracy theories
regarding Tesla, but this would be a waste of time. The important thing is
painting a true picture of ALL the wonderful and amazing personalities of
technology in our history. Nikola Tesla was an inventor, and did share a
love of engineering and science. And for this he deserves to be honored, but
don't fall for the populist rhetoric. I'd recommend visiting the Deutsches
Museum in Munich where many of the original first motors and dynamos are on
display with accurate listings of attributions.
Read about the amazing and real history of AC power here:
AC Power History
This article inspires controversy:
2015: Interestingly enough one of the largest sources of exaggerated Tesla
history in the last few years was a cartoonist (Mr. Inman) who runs the
website "The Oatmeal". A cartoonist (a guy with no engineering, legal or
historian background) born in 1982 on the wrong side of the continent felt
the liberty of making passionate statements about New York's electrical
history based on crap he read on the internet. After a Forbes article by
Alex Knapp about the myths of Tesla inspired by this Edison Tech Center
article came out, the cartoonist attacks Knapp in the arrogant and cynical
style typically demonstrated by the worst of US-born Millennials. Mr. Inman,
like many comedians seems to be fundamentally unhappy and finds an outlet
through humor. Oddly enough his behavior is similar to Tesla's in that he
reacts in a nasty fashion if someone challenges his ideas, even when they
mean well.
H*g
11 楼
我觉得特斯拉就是大蝌蚪那句话描述的,手里有个锤子看到啥都是钉子。好像一辈子就
拿个电磁感应线圈玩来玩去。不知道为啥这样吹嘘他。
拿个电磁感应线圈玩来玩去。不知道为啥这样吹嘘他。
m*3
14 楼
看过米国的纪录片一类的,大概是这么回事儿,主题就是,爱迪生是个王八蛋,特斯拉
没权没势被坑的一塌糊涂
没权没势被坑的一塌糊涂
n*4
17 楼
特斯拉啊不知道?爱迪的弟子。他就对电着迷。电是个新事务,人类有史以来第一个看
不见确能摸到的东西。爱迪找的是极品摩根,斯拉找的相对名气小一点,一下子想不起
来名字。就电的工业技术来讲,最后是斯拉获胜。这两人启动了美国的电的工业革命。
再加上极品摩根创造的现代意义上的金融工业,结果是摩根帝国在十年之间取代了洛克
菲勒家庭的石油工业,成为美国工商业的主要产品。
不见确能摸到的东西。爱迪找的是极品摩根,斯拉找的相对名气小一点,一下子想不起
来名字。就电的工业技术来讲,最后是斯拉获胜。这两人启动了美国的电的工业革命。
再加上极品摩根创造的现代意义上的金融工业,结果是摩根帝国在十年之间取代了洛克
菲勒家庭的石油工业,成为美国工商业的主要产品。
A*e
18 楼
著名的交流电和直流电之争啊,youtube上就有一个纪录片介绍他俩的恩怨情仇。
t*u
20 楼
微信圈的帖子又被转发了
a*a
23 楼
不知道纠错的是真是假
不过有一点,我从来不相信一个可以做很多贡献的人被同时代的大人物压住
你说干了一件事被爱迪生坑了我信,做了这么多还被坑肯定有鬼
不过有一点,我从来不相信一个可以做很多贡献的人被同时代的大人物压住
你说干了一件事被爱迪生坑了我信,做了这么多还被坑肯定有鬼
s*9
27 楼
图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
【在 t******u 的大作中提到】
: 图灵的遭遇你怎么看?
: 他是三年前才得到英国政府的平反的
: 你们这些人啊 总是拿现在的眼光去看几百年前的事
: 同性恋也就是最近两年才可以走出家门的
年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
【在 t******u 的大作中提到】
: 图灵的遭遇你怎么看?
: 他是三年前才得到英国政府的平反的
: 你们这些人啊 总是拿现在的眼光去看几百年前的事
: 同性恋也就是最近两年才可以走出家门的
t*u
28 楼
提前100年的概念是个啥? 你想象过么?
现在不要说100年,就提前1年的产品结构对市场都有完全不同的推力效果,看看iphone
,推出来之后就是android了,然后就是华为和小米了。
100年之后,人类本可以现在就移居外星球的
何必在地球上忍受天灾人祸呢?
100
家b
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
现在不要说100年,就提前1年的产品结构对市场都有完全不同的推力效果,看看iphone
,推出来之后就是android了,然后就是华为和小米了。
100年之后,人类本可以现在就移居外星球的
何必在地球上忍受天灾人祸呢?
100
家b
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
O*d
33 楼
特斯拉是天才。 现在广泛使用的交流异步电动机,就是他发明的。我们家里的冰箱,
洗衣机,洗碗机,空调,还有各种电扇,里边都是交流异步电动机。 他还发明了三相
发电机,现在还在被广泛使用。 他当时跟西屋公司签协议做交流发电机,西屋要给他
每马力二美元的报酬,他没有要。 如果他要了,他就会成为世界首富。
洗衣机,洗碗机,空调,还有各种电扇,里边都是交流异步电动机。 他还发明了三相
发电机,现在还在被广泛使用。 他当时跟西屋公司签协议做交流发电机,西屋要给他
每马力二美元的报酬,他没有要。 如果他要了,他就会成为世界首富。
n*4
40 楼
爱迪生是时势造英雄,英雄造时势。十九世纪末二十世纪初,美国社会正向超级大国迈
进之中,这是时势。现在来看,当时最重要的三个英雄是老罗斯福,极品摩根和爱迪生
,各自代表着政治,经济和技术领域。当这三个人把各自手里的活大致完成之后,美国
的实力就超过了世界其余部分的总和。
进之中,这是时势。现在来看,当时最重要的三个英雄是老罗斯福,极品摩根和爱迪生
,各自代表着政治,经济和技术领域。当这三个人把各自手里的活大致完成之后,美国
的实力就超过了世界其余部分的总和。
s*s
49 楼
你这么说,有一屁股的道理,可是,你没看见,PDA有脑残说,没有小米雷布什,中国
现在还在用七八千的三星苹果机
100
家b
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
现在还在用七八千的三星苹果机
100
家b
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
t*u
51 楼
大家可以看看man who built america这个电视剧
l*y
52 楼
你读读FBI解密的关于tesla的部分资料,自己判断一下。
你还漏了传说中美国政府绝对不敢承认的费城实验。
发信人: lyray (lyray), 信区: Military
标 题: 伪科学'哈奇森效应真假?
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Jul 8 16:55:44 2016, 美东)
哈气森的设备会不会是从埃德里奇号驱逐舰拆下的呢?可惜自己不懂原理,只能做到熔
化金属,物体悬空,不能隐藏军舰和时空穿梭。
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t0/Military/46099419.html
你还漏了传说中美国政府绝对不敢承认的费城实验。
发信人: lyray (lyray), 信区: Military
标 题: 伪科学'哈奇森效应真假?
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Jul 8 16:55:44 2016, 美东)
哈气森的设备会不会是从埃德里奇号驱逐舰拆下的呢?可惜自己不懂原理,只能做到熔
化金属,物体悬空,不能隐藏军舰和时空穿梭。
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t0/Military/46099419.html
S*e
53 楼
俺一直以为特斯拉是俄国人呢
l*y
54 楼
发信人: lyray (lyray), 信区: Physics
标 题: 放大招:FBI 公开的部分特斯拉资料,可下载
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Mar 5 06:38:20 2016, 美东)
https://vault.fbi.gov/nikola-tesla/Nikola%20Tesla%20Part%2001%20of%2003/view
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t/Physics/31252421.html
标 题: 放大招:FBI 公开的部分特斯拉资料,可下载
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Mar 5 06:38:20 2016, 美东)
https://vault.fbi.gov/nikola-tesla/Nikola%20Tesla%20Part%2001%20of%2003/view
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t/Physics/31252421.html
l*y
55 楼
费城实验访谈,2:55 基于tesla 和冯.诺依曼
尼古拉·特斯拉直接参与了费城实验的第一次试验,为了制造能利用高能电磁场屏蔽雷
达的战舰,后来试验效果超出预料,军舰被短距离传送,人员与船身融合,所以尼古拉
·特斯拉放弃了接下来的试验,反倒是计算机之父,冯·诺依曼强烈要求继续试验,最
后在无法预知的高风险性的试验不可知性下放弃试验,不过传闻继第一次试验后又做了
2次试验,并且之后的蒙陶克试验是继彩虹实验(费城实验)之后的有一个谜一般的传
奇色彩的试验,连接到了异次元时空,最后据说因为大量异次元生物通过时空隧道到达
我们的世界,而不得不关闭,最后实验场所被掩埋,多有的档案被封存,对外持否认态
度。
另一种说法:
据说当时费城实验的总指挥是尼古拉特斯拉,这位天才学家由于坚决反对用人类来进行
这样的实验,强制被军方解除职位,由著名数学家,计算机真正的开创者冯诺依曼担任
了总指挥,他迫于军方的压力,最终还是开始了费城实验,在20分钟之后结束。
尼古拉·特斯拉直接参与了费城实验的第一次试验,为了制造能利用高能电磁场屏蔽雷
达的战舰,后来试验效果超出预料,军舰被短距离传送,人员与船身融合,所以尼古拉
·特斯拉放弃了接下来的试验,反倒是计算机之父,冯·诺依曼强烈要求继续试验,最
后在无法预知的高风险性的试验不可知性下放弃试验,不过传闻继第一次试验后又做了
2次试验,并且之后的蒙陶克试验是继彩虹实验(费城实验)之后的有一个谜一般的传
奇色彩的试验,连接到了异次元时空,最后据说因为大量异次元生物通过时空隧道到达
我们的世界,而不得不关闭,最后实验场所被掩埋,多有的档案被封存,对外持否认态
度。
另一种说法:
据说当时费城实验的总指挥是尼古拉特斯拉,这位天才学家由于坚决反对用人类来进行
这样的实验,强制被军方解除职位,由著名数学家,计算机真正的开创者冯诺依曼担任
了总指挥,他迫于军方的压力,最终还是开始了费城实验,在20分钟之后结束。
b*o
56 楼
浠栨潵缇庡浗鏃跺凡鍙戞槑浜嗕氦娴佺數鏈猴紝鐖辫开鐢熶笉鑲敤銆傚悗鏉ヤ竴鐩村
湪鐮旂┒鏃犵嚎浼犺緭鐢佃兘銆
湪鐮旂┒鏃犵嚎浼犺緭鐢佃兘銆
k*y
64 楼
哇
M*u
65 楼
24岁了还没找到工作。
1884年,
带着前雇主的推荐信,
------------------
这里我没看懂。。。。
1884年,
带着前雇主的推荐信,
------------------
这里我没看懂。。。。
a*i
68 楼
图灵使计算机发展提前50-100年?这个有些扯淡了,能提前5-10年就不错了
只有古代,做研究的人少,比如牛顿时代,没有牛顿,是真的会延迟很长时间,后来研
究型大学和研究院出现后,人才基本上都是成片涌现的,基本不存在少了谁就会转不动
的情况。比如图灵之前三十年的物理学革命,人才济济,基本上都是要抢着发文章才能
占据上风,稍微一松懈,别人就抢先了。
100
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
只有古代,做研究的人少,比如牛顿时代,没有牛顿,是真的会延迟很长时间,后来研
究型大学和研究院出现后,人才基本上都是成片涌现的,基本不存在少了谁就会转不动
的情况。比如图灵之前三十年的物理学革命,人才济济,基本上都是要抢着发文章才能
占据上风,稍微一松懈,别人就抢先了。
100
【在 s******9 的大作中提到】
: 图灵属于天才一类的,他对计算机的推动贡献巨大,可能是计算机的发展提前了50-100
: 年,但也不是无法取代的,关键还是同性恋让他更出名
: 爱迪生和telsa就更差一点了,没有他们,电流技术也就晚个20-50年
: 我觉得评论一个单独的人对人类社会的贡献就是看他能够将人类进步提前推动了多少年
: 有些技术是人类总体发明发展到一定程度自然而然出来的,没有科学家a,也有科学家b
: 出现,所以不会显得太耀眼
: 当然这一结论不仅限于科学界,政治,文化,军事都有各自的天才
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