花木兰被华邮划成transgender了# Joke - 肚皮舞运动
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【 以下文字转载自 USANews 讨论区 】
发信人: TravisBickle (Travis), 信区: USANews
标 题: WP: transgender soldiers served in civil war
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Jul 27 12:42:55 2017, 美东)
Albert Cashier served in the army as a man, lived his life as man and was
buried at 71 with full military honors in 1915, as a man. But beneath the
uniform in which he fought and was buried, he was biologically a woman, one
of the many cross-dressers and gender defiers who have served in the U.S.
military since the earliest days of its history, according to historians.
President Trump’s proclamation by tweet Wednesday that he was banning
transgender people from serving in the military in “any capacity” is the
latest twist in a thoroughly modern controversy. Trump’s declaration would
overturn a policy only recently put in place by the Obama White House as the
armed forces continue to grapple with modern issues of gender identity and
sexual orientation. But behind the 21st century contretemps is a history
that predates the musket.
“They wouldn’t know what in the world you meant by the world transgender,
but there have women serving in men’s dress in armies since the beginning
of wars,” said Elizabeth Leonard, a professor of history at Colby College.
“It’s a story that we keep losing sight of.”
Cross-dressing has roiled the ranks of armies at least as far back as Joan
of Arc, the 15th century military genius who was burned at the stake for
heresies that included wearing a man’s uniforms. Leonard’s own expertise
is the Civil War, a time when the ranks were filled with hundreds of women
who cut their hair, put on pants and took up arms on both sides of the War
Between the States.
Researchers at the National Archives have found evidence that at least 250
women dressed as men to fight in the 1860s, some motivated by ideology, some
by a taste for adventure and some by the need for a job. Most of those who
survived presumably returned to their lives as women. But others continued
to live as men after the war.
Albert Cashier was born Jennie Hodgers in Ireland, immigrated to the United
States as a stowaway and, at 18, enlisted in the Illinois Infantry Regiment
as a man. After the war, in which he fought in some 40 actions, Cashier
continued to dress in trousers and, in the modern parlance, identify as a
man. He worked as a farmer and handyman for decades and missed out an army
pension after refusing to take a required physical exam, according to
scholar Jason Cromwell, the author of “Transmen and FTMs: Identities,
Bodies, Genders and Sexualities.”
Cashier’s anatomical secret only came out after he was injured in a 1911
car wreck and treated by doctors. He was committed to an insane asylum but
when his story was reported in newspapers, his former army comrades rallied
to ensure he was buried as a soldier and recognized on a monument at
Vicksburg as one of the Illinois soldiers who fought there.
Sarah Rosetta Wakeman was driven by poverty to work as a male canal boatman
and then sign up with a New York unit to fight for the Union Army. The
teenage girl passed as a 21-year-old man named Lyon Wakeman and bagged a $
154 signing bounty. Recruits were not always closely examined, Leonard said,
particularly toward the end of the war when armies on both sides were
desperate for “men” of any kind. Among boys barely past puberty, the
smooth face of a female impostor could easily have passed without remark.
“If you had teeth to tear open a cartridge and a working thumb and
forefinger, that was enough,” Leonard said.
Wakeman died in New Orleans of dysentery after the Red River Campaign and
was buried under a stone monument to “Lyon Wakeman.”
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/07/26/a-history-
lesson-for-trump-transgender-soldiers-served-in-the-civil-war/?utm_term=.
e8dd4dce049a
发信人: TravisBickle (Travis), 信区: USANews
标 题: WP: transgender soldiers served in civil war
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Jul 27 12:42:55 2017, 美东)
Albert Cashier served in the army as a man, lived his life as man and was
buried at 71 with full military honors in 1915, as a man. But beneath the
uniform in which he fought and was buried, he was biologically a woman, one
of the many cross-dressers and gender defiers who have served in the U.S.
military since the earliest days of its history, according to historians.
President Trump’s proclamation by tweet Wednesday that he was banning
transgender people from serving in the military in “any capacity” is the
latest twist in a thoroughly modern controversy. Trump’s declaration would
overturn a policy only recently put in place by the Obama White House as the
armed forces continue to grapple with modern issues of gender identity and
sexual orientation. But behind the 21st century contretemps is a history
that predates the musket.
“They wouldn’t know what in the world you meant by the world transgender,
but there have women serving in men’s dress in armies since the beginning
of wars,” said Elizabeth Leonard, a professor of history at Colby College.
“It’s a story that we keep losing sight of.”
Cross-dressing has roiled the ranks of armies at least as far back as Joan
of Arc, the 15th century military genius who was burned at the stake for
heresies that included wearing a man’s uniforms. Leonard’s own expertise
is the Civil War, a time when the ranks were filled with hundreds of women
who cut their hair, put on pants and took up arms on both sides of the War
Between the States.
Researchers at the National Archives have found evidence that at least 250
women dressed as men to fight in the 1860s, some motivated by ideology, some
by a taste for adventure and some by the need for a job. Most of those who
survived presumably returned to their lives as women. But others continued
to live as men after the war.
Albert Cashier was born Jennie Hodgers in Ireland, immigrated to the United
States as a stowaway and, at 18, enlisted in the Illinois Infantry Regiment
as a man. After the war, in which he fought in some 40 actions, Cashier
continued to dress in trousers and, in the modern parlance, identify as a
man. He worked as a farmer and handyman for decades and missed out an army
pension after refusing to take a required physical exam, according to
scholar Jason Cromwell, the author of “Transmen and FTMs: Identities,
Bodies, Genders and Sexualities.”
Cashier’s anatomical secret only came out after he was injured in a 1911
car wreck and treated by doctors. He was committed to an insane asylum but
when his story was reported in newspapers, his former army comrades rallied
to ensure he was buried as a soldier and recognized on a monument at
Vicksburg as one of the Illinois soldiers who fought there.
Sarah Rosetta Wakeman was driven by poverty to work as a male canal boatman
and then sign up with a New York unit to fight for the Union Army. The
teenage girl passed as a 21-year-old man named Lyon Wakeman and bagged a $
154 signing bounty. Recruits were not always closely examined, Leonard said,
particularly toward the end of the war when armies on both sides were
desperate for “men” of any kind. Among boys barely past puberty, the
smooth face of a female impostor could easily have passed without remark.
“If you had teeth to tear open a cartridge and a working thumb and
forefinger, that was enough,” Leonard said.
Wakeman died in New Orleans of dysentery after the Red River Campaign and
was buried under a stone monument to “Lyon Wakeman.”
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/07/26/a-history-
lesson-for-trump-transgender-soldiers-served-in-the-civil-war/?utm_term=.
e8dd4dce049a
