雜家皮草,專家奇點Javier Milei, John Keynes, Milton Friedman
雜家皮草,專家[John Keynes, Milton Friedman]奇點:
"对于米莱，一切都是激情。他面对停车场收费员，庄重地说“逃税应该成为一项人权”
"当地时间11月19日，阿根廷极右翼选举联盟“自由前进党”候选人米莱以55.95%的得票率赢得第二轮选举，成功当选阿根廷总统。早在今年8月的初选中，米莱就以黑马之姿崭露头角，以30%的选票紧随对手马萨之后，眼下实现逆转。
米莱被《华盛顿邮报》等媒体称为“阿根廷特朗普”。他常常以一头蓬乱的头发出现在公众面前，他的一些主张超出了人们的预期，例如：取消货币主权，放宽枪支管制，并反对堕胎。在外交政策方面，他也主张倾向于与美国接近。在通胀问题上，阿根廷人由于通胀对本国货币比索失去了信心，转而依赖美元。这也使得米莱获得了大量支持。"
"我对弗里德曼《美国货币史》的第七章产生了浓厚兴趣，这一章讲述了1929年至1933年的大萧条时期。" ”Javier Gerardo Milei is an Argentine economist, author, and political figure. He is known for his outspoken views on economic liberalism and free-market principles. Please note that developments may have occurred since then.
Key points about Javier Gerardo Milei:
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Economic Philosophy:
- Milei is a proponent of classical liberal economic policies, advocating for free markets, limited government intervention, and individual freedoms.
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Author:
- He has authored books on economics and political philosophy, where he expresses his views on the importance of economic freedom and limited government.
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Public Figure:
- Milei is known for his public appearances on television, radio, and social media, where he discusses economic and political issues, often in a confrontational and impassioned manner.
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Political Involvement:
- In addition to his work as an economist, Milei has been involved in Argentine politics. In the 2021 legislative elections in Argentina, he ran for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies as part of the "La Libertad Avanza" coalition.
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Controversial Statements:
- Milei is known for making controversial and provocative statements, challenging mainstream economic and political narratives in Argentina. His style is often characterized by strong language and criticism of perceived economic mismanagement.
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Social Media Presence:
- He has a significant presence on social media platforms, using them to communicate his ideas, engage with the public, and promote his political and economic views.
- John Maynard Keynes, Milton Friedman, summarize their differences?ChatGPTChatGPT
John Maynard Keynes and Milton Friedman were two influential economists with differing views on economic theory and policy. Here's a summarized overview of their differences:
John Maynard Keynes 凯恩斯:
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Keynesian Economics:
- Keynes is known for his development of Keynesian economics, which became prominent during the early to mid-20th century.
- Advocated for active government intervention in the economy, especially during periods of economic downturn.
- Argued that government fiscal policy (government spending and taxation) could be used to manage aggregate demand and stabilize the economy.
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Role of Government:
- Believed that the government should play a proactive role in managing demand to achieve full employment and economic stability.
- Supported the idea of counter-cyclical fiscal policies, such as increasing government spending during economic downturns.
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Unemployment:
- Emphasized the problem of unemployment and the need for policies to address it.
- Argued that insufficient aggregate demand could lead to prolonged periods of high unemployment.
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Long-Term:
- Focused on the short to medium term, with an emphasis on managing demand to address immediate economic challenges.
Milton Friedman:
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Monetarism:
- Friedman was a proponent of monetarism, which emphasizes the role of the money supply in influencing economic outcomes.
- Argued that stable and predictable growth in the money supply is essential for economic stability.
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Role of Government:
- Advocated for a limited role of government in the economy, particularly emphasizing the importance of a stable monetary policy.
- Believed that government intervention, especially in monetary matters, should be rule-based rather than discretionary.
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Inflation:
- Emphasized the importance of controlling inflation and believed that excessive growth in the money supply could lead to inflationary pressures.
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Long-Term:
- Stressed the importance of focusing on long-term stability and believed that monetary policy, if conducted appropriately, could contribute to stable economic growth over the long term.
Summary:
In summary, Keynes and Friedman differed in their approaches to economic policy. Keynes leaned towards active government involvement, especially in managing demand, while Friedman advocated for a more limited government role, with a focus on stable monetary policy. Their differing perspectives have contributed to ongoing debates in economic theory and policy.
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米莱坐在他位于巴尔米洛的一间没有窗户的办公室里。数十本经济学书籍堆放在桌子上，一直堆到覆盖了超过一半的桌面。一面墙上挂着一块写满方程式的白板，红色的笔迹从一端延伸到另一端。另一面墙上有一块软木板，上面贴满了作为自由主义世界思想灯塔之一的米尔顿·弗里德曼（Milton Friedman）的照片和名言。他右手边的杯子上也印着这位芝加哥经济学派领军人物微笑的照片。软木板和杯子都是他美洲公司的同事们送给他的礼物，米莱在这家公司旗下的阿科尔达（Acordar）基金会担任首席经济学家。
米莱最开始也并非弗里德曼的坚定拥护者，随着次贷危机的发生，才对他的看法和评价有所改观。 米莱表示：“在那之前，我是一个顽固的新古典主义者。甚至可以说，我几乎把货币主义者看作是我的血缘兄弟。”
房地产泡沫的爆发促使他重新阅读了弗里德曼等经济学家的著作，其中包括他所抨击的约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯（John Maynard Keynes）。“我对弗里德曼《美国货币史》的第七章产生了浓厚兴趣，这一章讲述了1929年至1933年的大萧条时期。”他提高音量说道。
米莱2018年出版的书：《揭露凯恩斯主义谎言：凯恩斯、弗里德曼和奥地利学派的胜利》。
哈维尔·赫拉尔多·米莱的故事开始于1970年10月22日。他是一个公交车司机的儿子，父亲通过不懈努力逐渐从驾驶汽车的小人物发展为行业内多家公司的经营者。
在米莱居住在帕斯将军大道的德沃托街区时，发生了一件对他产生了深远影响的事情：他被剔除出学校足球代表队名单，他所在的科佩罗红衣主教学校是这个新社区中最传统的学校之一。“评选标准主要不是看能力，而是看关系和交情。对此我的反应是：我要去一个真正的球队踢球。”
他选择了查卡里塔青年竞技足球俱乐部来埋葬这种挫败感。“我的祖父是查卡里塔的球迷，我和他曾经一起去看过他们比赛。那时（1983年）他们刚刚升级，一切都让我感到非常震撼。颜色，简直是史诗般的（该队球衣上的红色是对其无政府主义起源的一种象征）。”
米莱当时13岁快要14岁，正是参加比赛的年龄。他参加了各级青训，最终进入了一线队的阵容。他 将自己定义为一个飞翔的门将，就像乌巴尔多·马蒂尔·菲略尔（阿根廷著名的“铁门”）一样。尽管他并不是特别高，但凭借强壮的腿部力量脱颖而出。他说为此他每天要训练6个小时。
门将时期的米莱
为什么选择成为门将？“我也不知道……只是觉得很有趣。”这是他的第一反应。有人曾经说“门将是那个与众不同的人、是球队的明星”。 “一般而言，门将拥有不同常人的个性特点，因为他处在命运攸关的位置，一旦出错，就可能导致失球。他的着装与众不同，并且是唯一能用手触球的球员，这在足球中可是一种稀缺的技能。……此外，门将还需要拥有更强大的心理素质，因为看台就在他身后。”
“有些人一看到看台就感到害怕，而和我一样的另一些人看到看台则会更加自信。 ” 他有些洋洋得意地说。
第一幕，第二场：蜕变
时为阿根廷总统候选人米莱的支持者在该党总部外举行的选举之夜集会上乘坐公交车。
12岁时，受到了何塞·阿尔弗雷多·马丁内斯·德·奥斯 （José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz，前阿根廷经济部长） 的固定汇率制崩溃事件的影响，米莱决定要成为一名经济学家。 然而，在1989年，他正在上大一时，发生了一件对他颇具启发性的事情。当时他的母亲让他陪同去超市。“我靠在购物车上，看着几个女孩子手里拿着一种类似于手枪的工具经过。那是标价枪。我觉得很不可思议，尽管价格在上涨，人们还是在抢购商品。价格上涨的同时，需求量也在增加！”