Elimination Disorders排泄障碍

Encopresis
大便失禁
A. Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places (e.g., clothing or floor) whether involuntary or intentional.
反复有意无意地将大便排泄在不应该的地方(如衣服或地上)
B. At least one such event a month for at least 3 months.
至少每月发生一次,连续三个月
C. Chronological age is at least 4 years (or equivalent developmental level).
至少有四岁的年纪或相当于四岁
D. The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., laxatives) or a general medical condition except through a mechanism involving constipation.
这种行为不是由于使用某些药物(如泻药)或一些全身性疾病

Enuresis (not due to a general medical condition)
遗尿(不是因为其他疾病引起)
A. Repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes (whether involuntary or intentional).
反复有意或无意地尿床或裤子
B. The behavior is clinically significant as manifested by either a frequency of twice a week for at least 3 consecutive months or the presence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, academic (occupational), or other important areas of functioning.
这种行为达到以下临床诊断程度,即每周两次持续三个月,或因遗尿引起了学习,工作,社会交往,或其他重要功能的困难.
C. Chronological age is at least 5 years (or equivalent developmental level).
至少已经五岁或相当于五岁的发育程度
The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effect of a substance (e.g., a diuretic) or a general medical condition (e.g., diabetes, spina bifida, a seizure disorder).
这种行为不是由于使用某些药物(如利尿剂)或某种疾病引起(如糖尿病,脊柱裂,或颠痫发作)