Arthur Rimbaud,1854-1891.法国诗人,象征派先驱之一. 出生于法国夏尔维尔市.15岁
时,写拉丁文诗作,获得科学院一等奖.他提出了'通灵人'和'语言炼金术'的诗歌观点,其
创作更接近现代派.
是其代表作,诗人把醉船写成有思维的人,通过醉船来自我表白,醉船是诗人心态
的物化.诗中奇特的语言组合是'语言炼金术'的运用.
Drunken Boat
As I was floating down unconcerned Rivers
I no longer felt myself steered by the haulers:
Gaudy Redskins had taken them for targets
Nailing them naked to coloured stakes.
I cared nothing for all my crews,
Carrying Flemish wheat or English cottons.
When, along with my haulers those uproars were done with
The Rivers let me sail downstream where I pleased.
Into the ferocious tide-rips
Last winter, more absorbed than the minds of children,
I ran! And the unmoored Peninsulas
Never endured more triumphant clamourings
The storm made bliss of my sea-borne awakenings.
Lighter than a cork, I danced on the waves
Which men call eternal rollers of victims,
For ten nights, without once missing the foolish eye of the harbor lights!
Sweeter than the flesh of sour apples to children,
The green water penetrated my pinewood hull
And washed me clean of the bluish wine-stains and the splashes of vomit,
Carrying away both rudder and anchor.
And from that time on I bathed in the Poem
Of the Sea, star-infused and churned into milk,
Devouring the green azures; where, entranced in pallid flotsam,
A dreaming drowned man sometimes goes down;
Where, suddenly dyeing the bluenesses, deliriums
And slow rhythms under the gleams of the daylight,
Stronger than alcohol, vaster than music
Ferment the bitter rednesses of love!
I have come to know the skies splitting with lightnings, and the waterspouts
And the breakers and currents; I know the evening,
And Dawn rising up like a flock of doves,
And sometimes I have seen what men have imagined they saw!
I have seen the low-hanging sun speckled with mystic horrors.
Lighting up long violet coagulations,
Like the performers in very-antique dramas
Waves rolling back into the distances their shiverings of venetian blinds!
I have dreamed of the green night of the dazzled snows
The kiss rising slowly to the eyes of the seas,
The circulation of undreamed-of saps,
And the yellow-blue awakenings of singing phosphorus!
I have followed, for whole months on end, the swells
Battering the reefs like hysterical herds of cows,
Never dreaming that the luminous feet of the Marys
Could force back the muzzles of snorting Oceans!
I have struck, do you realize, incredible Floridas
Where mingle with flowers the eyes of panthers
In human skins! Rainbows stretched like bridles
Under the seas' horizon, to glaucous herds!
I have seen the enormous swamps seething, traps
Where a whole leviathan rots in the reeds!
Downfalls of waters in the midst of the calm
And distances cataracting down into abysses!
Glaciers, suns of silver, waves of pearl, skies of red-hot coals!
Hideous wrecks at the bottom of brown gulfs
Where the giant snakes devoured by vermin
Fall from the twisted trees with black odours!
I should have liked to show to children those dolphins
Of the blue wave, those golden, those singing fishes.
- Foam of flowers rocked my driftings
And at times ineffable winds would lend me wings.
Sometimes, a martyr weary of poles and zones,
The sea whose sobs sweetened my rollings
Lifted its shadow-flowers with their yellow sucking disks toward me
And I hung there like a kneeling woman...
Almost an island, tossing on my beaches the brawls
And droppings of pale-eyed, clamouring birds,
And I was scudding along when across my frayed cordage
Drowned men sank backwards into sleep!
But now I, a boat lost under the hair of coves,
Hurled by the hurricane into the birdless ether,
I, whose wreck, dead-drunk and sodden with water,
neither Monitor nor Hanse ships would have fished up;
Free, smoking, risen from violet fogs,
I who bored through the wall of the reddening sky
Which bears a sweetmeat good poets find delicious,
Lichens of sunlight [mixed] with azure snot,
Who ran, speckled with lunula of electricity,
A crazy plank, with black sea-horses for escort,
When Julys were crushing with cudgel blows
Skies of ultramarine into burning funnels;
I who trembled, to feel at fifty leagues' distance
The groans of Behemoth's rutting, and of the dense Maelstroms
Eternal spinner of blue immobilities
I long for Europe with it's aged old parapets!
I have seen archipelagos of stars! and islands
Whose delirious skies are open to sailor:
- Do you sleep, are you exiled in those bottomless nights,
Million golden birds, O Life Force of the future? -
But, truly, I have wept too much! The Dawns are heartbreaking.
Every moon is atrocious and every sun bitter:
Sharp love has swollen me up with heady langours.
O let my keel split! O let me sink to the bottom!
If there is one water in Europe I want, it is the
Black cold pool where into the scented twilight
A child squatting full of sadness, launches
A boat as fragile as a butterfly in May.
I can no more, bathed in your langours, O waves,
Sail in the wake of the carriers of cottons,
Nor undergo the pride of the flags and pennants,
Nor pull past the horrible eyes of the hulks.
醉舟
阿尔蒂尔·兰波
当我顺着无情河水只有流淌，
我感到纤夫已不再控制我的航向。
吵吵嚷嚷的红种人把他们捉去，
剥光了当靶子，钉在五彩桩上。
所有这些水手的命运，我不管它，
我只装运佛兰芒小麦、英国棉花。
当纤夫们的哭叫和喧闹消散，
河水让我随意漂流，无牵无挂。
我跑了一冬，不理会潮水汹涌，
比玩的入迷的小孩还要耳聋。
只见半岛们纷纷挣脱了缆绳，
好象得意洋洋的一窝蜂。
风暴祝福我在大海上苏醒，
我舞蹈着，比瓶塞子还轻，
在海浪－－死者永恒的摇床上
一连十夜，不留恋信号灯的傻眼睛。
绿水渗透了我的杉木船壳，－－
清甜赛过孩子贪吃的酸苹果，
洗去了蓝的酒迹和呕吐的污迹，
冲掉了我的铁锚、我的舵。
从此，我就沉浸于大海的诗－－
海呀，泡满了星星，犹如乳汁；
我饱餐青光翠色，其中有时漂过
一具惨白的、沉思而沉醉的浮尸。
这一片青蓝和荒诞、以及白日之火
辉映下的缓慢节奏，转眼被染了色－－
橙红的爱的霉斑在发酵、在发苦，
比酒精更强烈，比竖琴更辽阔。
我熟悉在电光下开裂的天空，
狂浪、激流、龙卷风；我熟悉黄昏
和象一群白鸽般振奋的黎明，
我还见过人们只能幻想的奇景！
我见过夕阳，被神秘的恐怖染黑，
闪耀着长长的紫色的凝辉，
照着海浪向远方滚去的微颤，
象照着古代戏剧里的合唱队！
我梦见绿的夜，在眩目的白雪中
一个吻缓缓地涨上大海的眼睛，
闻所未闻的液汁的循环，
磷光歌唱家的黄与蓝的觉醒！
我曾一连几个月把长浪追赶，
它冲击礁石，恰象疯狂的牛圈，
怎能设想玛丽亚们光明的脚
能驯服这哮喘的海洋的嘴脸！
我撞上了不可思议的佛洛里达，
那儿豹长着人皮，豹眼混杂于奇花，
那儿虹霓绷得紧紧，象根根缰绳
套着海平面下海蓝色的群马！
我见过发酵的沼泽，那捕鱼篓－－
芦苇丛中沉睡着腐烂的巨兽；
风平浪静中骤然大水倾泻，
一片远景象瀑布般注入涡流！
我见过冰川、银太阳、火炭的天色，
珍珠浪、棕色的海底的搁浅险恶莫测，
那儿扭曲的树皮发出黑色的香味，
从树上落下被臭虫啮咬的巨蛇！
我真想给孩子们看看碧浪中的剑鱼－－
那些金灿灿的鱼，会唱歌的鱼；
花的泡沫祝福我无锚而漂流，
语言难以形容的清风为我添翼。
大海－－环球各带的疲劳的受难者
常用它的呜咽温柔地摇我入梦，
它向我举起暗的花束，透着黄的孔，
我就象女性似的跪下，静止不动……
象一座浮岛满载金黄眼珠的鸟，
我摇晃折腰船鸟粪、一船喧闹。
我航行，而从我水中的缆绳间，
浮尸们常倒退着漂进来小睡一觉！……
我是失踪的船，缠在大海的青丝里，
还是被风卷上飞鸟达不到的太虚？
不论铁甲舰或汉萨同盟的帆船，
休想把我海水灌醉的骨架钓起。
我只有荡漾，冒着烟，让紫雾导航，
我钻破淡红色的天墙，这墙上
长着太阳的苔藓、穹苍的涕泪，－－
这对于真正的诗人是精美的果酱。
我奔驰，满身披着电光的月牙，
护送我这疯木板的是黑压压的海马；
当七月用棍棒把青天打垮，
一个个灼热的漏斗在空中挂！
我全身哆嗦，远隔百里就能听得
那发情的河马、咆哮的漩涡，
我永远纺织那静止的蔚蓝，
我怀念着欧罗巴古老的城垛！
我见过星星的群岛！在那里，
狂乱的天门向航行者开启：
“你是否就睡在这无底深夜里－－
啊，百万金鸟？啊，未来的活力？”
可是我不再哭了！晨光如此可哀，
整个太阳都苦，整个月亮都坏。
辛辣的爱使我充满醉的昏沉，
啊，愿我龙骨断裂！愿我葬身大海！
如果我想望欧洲的水，我只想望
马路上黑而冷的小水潭，到傍晚，
一个满心悲伤的小孩蹲在水边，
放一只脆弱得象蝴蝶般的小船。
波浪啊，我浸透了你的颓丧疲惫，
再不能把运棉轮船的航迹追随，
从此不在傲慢的彩色旗下穿行，
也不在趸船可怕的眼睛下划水！
浅评:整诗想象丰富,语言奇异,营造一种神秘,幽深,奇特的意境.随着醉船的旅行,一浪
猛过一浪,情感越来越强烈,直到极限...最震撼的两句"Every moon is atrocious and
every sun bitter: " "凡是月亮都残酷,凡是太阳都悲哀",强撼的心碎....
