110 (base 2) >> 2 = 1 6 >> 2 is the same as 6 / 4 and round down 1111 ... 1010 >> 2 = 1111 ... 1110 = -2 -6 >> 2 is the same as -6 / 4 and round down as well :) this is signed magnitude no such sign system. (c) 1111 1111 1111 1111 this is 2's compliment, the standard negative number representation. It is 1's compliment + 1. (d) 1111 1111 1111 1110 1's complement (e) excess # this one is used in exponents.