美国公民入籍考试要改革！2023年试点（附100道中文考题及答案）

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT /美国政府

A. Principals of American Democracy/美国民主原则

1. What is the supreme law of the land?/美国的最高法律是什么？
答：The Constitution /宪法

2. What does the Constitution do?/宪法的作用是什么？
答：Sets up the government /建立政府体制
答：Defines the government /定义政府
答：Protects basic rights of Americans保护美国人的基本权利

3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? /宪法的前三个字说明自治的概念。这三个字是什么？
答：We the People /我们人民

4. What is an amendment?/什么是修正案？
答：A change (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）更正
答：An addition (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）补充

5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?/宪法的前十项修正案称为什么？
答：The Bill of Rights /权利法案

*6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? /列举宪法第一条修正案中的一项权利或自由
答：Speech /言论自由
答：Religion /宗教自由
答：Assembly /集会结社的自由
答：Press /出版自由
答：Petition the government /向政府请愿的自由

7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? /宪法有几条修正案？
答：Twenty-seven (27) /二十七(27) 条

8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?/《独立宣言》的作用是什么？
答：Announced our independence (from Great Britain) /宣布美国（脱离英国而）独立
答：Declared our independence (from Great Britain) /宣告美国（脱离英国而）独立
答：Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) / 表示美国（脱离英国而）独立

9. What are two rights in the Declarationof Independence?/列举《独立宣言》中的两项权利？
答：Life / 生命（的权利）
答：Liberty /自由（的权利）

答：Pursuit of happiness /追求幸福（的权利）

10. What is freedom of religion?/什么是宗教自由？
答：You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. /你可以信仰任何宗教，也可以不信仰任何宗教

*11. What is the economic system in the United States?/美国的经济制度是什么？
答：Capitalist economy /资本主义经济
答：Market economy /市场经济

12. What is the “rule of law”?/“法治”是什么？
答：Everyone must follow the law. /人人都应遵守法律
答：Leaders must obey the law. /领导人必须遵守法律
答：Government must obey the law. /政府必须遵守法律
答：No one is above the law. /没有任何人在法律之上

B. System of Government/政府体制

*13. Name one branch or part of the government./列举政府体制的一个分支或部门
答：Congress /国会
答：Legislative /立法部门
答：President /总统
答：Executive /行政部门
答：The courts /法院
答：Judicial /司法部门

14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?/什么防止一个政府分支变得过于强大？
答：Checks and balances /制衡
答：Separation of powers /权力分立

15. Who is in charge of the executive /谁负责行政部门？
答：The President /总统

16. Who makes federal laws?/谁制定联邦法律？
答：Congress /国会
答：Senate and House (of Representatives)/参议院和众议院
答：(U.S. or national) legislature /（美国或国家）立法部门

*17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?/美国国会由哪两个部分组成？
答：The Senate and House (of Representatives) /参议院与众议院

18. How many U.S. Senators are there?/美国参议员有几位？
答：One hundred (100) /一百(100) 位

19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?/我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年？
答：Six (6) /六年

*20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators?/您所在州的现任一位美国参议员的名字是什么？
答：请点击查看您所在州的现任参议员。

21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?/众议院中有投票权的众议员有几位？
答：Four hundred thirty-five (435) /四百三十五(435) 位

22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?/我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年？
答：Two (2) /两（2）年

23. Name your U.S. Representative./列举您所在选区的美国众议员的名字？
答：请点击查看您所在州的议员名字。

24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?/美国参议员代表何人？
答：All people of the state /其所在州的所有人民。

25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? /为什么有些州的众议员人数比其他州多？
答：(because of) the state’s population/（由于）该州的人口。
答：(because) they have more people /（由于）该州有更多人口。
答：(because) some states have more people /（由于）该州的人口比其他州多

26. We elect a President for how many years?/我们选出的总统任职多少年？
答：Four (4) /四(4) 年

*27. In what month do we vote for President?/我们在哪一个月份选总统？
答：November /十一月

*28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?/现任美国总统的名字是什么？
答：Joe Biden /乔·拜登

29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?/现任美国副总统的名字是什么？
答：Kamala Harris/卡玛拉·哈里斯

30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统不能视事，则由谁成为总统？
答：the Vice President /副总统

31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统和副总统都不能视事，则由谁成为总统？
答：the Speaker of the House /众议院议长

32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the Military? /谁是三军统帅？
答：the President /总统

33. Who signs bills to become laws?/谁签署法案使之成为法律？
答：the President /总统

34. Who vetoes bills? /谁否决法案？
答：the President /总统

35. What does the President’s Cabinet do?/总统的内阁做什么事？
答：advises the President /向总统提出建议

36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?/两个内阁级别的职位是什么？
答：Secretary of Agriculture /农业部长
答：Secretary of Commerce /商务部长
答：Secretary of Defense /国防部长
答：Secretary of Education /教育部长
答：Secretary of Energy /能源部长
答：Secretary of Health and Human 健康与人类服务部长
答：Secretary of Homeland Security /国土安全部长
答：Secretary of Housing and Urban 住宅与都市发展部长
答：Secretary of Interior /内政部长
答：Secretary of State 国务卿
答：Secretary of Transportation/交通部长
答：Secretary of Treasury /财政部长
答：Secretary of Veterans’ Affairs /退伍军人事务部长
答：Secretary of Labor /劳工部长
答：Attorney General /司法部长
答：Vice President /副总统

37. Does the judicial branch do?/司法部门做什么？
答：Reviews laws /审查法律
答：Explains laws /解释法律
答：Resolves disputes (disagreements)/解决争论（意见不一致）
答：Decides if a law goes against the Constitution /决定某一法律是否抵触宪法

38. What is the highest court in the United States? /美国最高法院是什么？
答：The Supreme Court /联邦最高法院

39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? /最高法院有几位大法官？
答：Nine (9) / 9 位

40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States? /美国首席大法官是谁？
答：John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)/约翰‧罗伯兹（小约翰G.罗伯兹)

41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? /根据我国宪法，有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么？
答：to print money /印制钞票
答：to declare war /宣战
答：to create an army /创立军队
答：to make treaties /签订条约

42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? /根据我国宪法，有些权力属于州政府。州政府的一项权力是什么？
答：Provide schooling and education /提供学校及教育
答：provide protection (police) /提供保护(警察)
答：Provide safety (fire departments) /提供安全（消防局）
答：Give a driver’s license /核发驾驶执照
答：Approve zoning and land use /批准区划与土地使用

43. Who is the Governor of your state?/您居住州的现任州长是谁？
答：请点击查看您所在州的现任州长。

*44. What is the capital of your state?/你所在州的首府为何？
答：请点击查看你所在州的首府。

*45. What are the two major political parties in the United States? / 美国当今两大政党为何？
答：Democratic and Republican /民主党和共和党

46. What is the political party of the President now? /现任总统属于哪个政党？
答：Democratic(Party) /民主党

47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?/众议院的议长是谁？
答：Nancy Pelosi/南希·佩洛西

C. Rights and Responsibilities/权力与责任

48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them./宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案。试举一个。
答：Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). /十八(18) 岁以上的公民（可以投票）
答：You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. /您投票不必缴钱（缴投票税）
答：Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) /任何公民都可以投票（男性与女性都可以投票）
答：A male citizen of any race (can vote) 任何种族的男性公民（都可以投票）

*49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? 列举一项美国公民才有的责任？
答：Serve on a jury /当陪审员
答：Vote /在联邦选举中投票

50. Name one right only for United States citizens./列举一项美国公民才享有的权利
答：Vote in a federal election /在联邦选举中投票的权利
答：Run for federal office /竞选公职的权利

51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? 每一个住在美国的人享有的两项权利是什么？
答：Freedom of expression /表达自由
答：Freedom of speech /言论自由
答：Freedom of assembly /集会结社的自由
答：Freedom to petition the government/向政府请愿自由
答：Freedom of worship /宗教崇拜的自由
答：The right to bear arms /持有武器的自由

52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? 当我们宣誓效忠时，是向什么表达忠诚？
答：the United States /美利坚合众国
答：The flag /国旗

53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? /当您成为美国公民时做出的一项承诺是什么？
答：Give up loyalty to other countries /放弃效忠其他国家
答：Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States /护卫美国的宪法及法律
答：Obey the laws of the United States/遵守美国的法律
答：Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 必要时）加入美国军队
答：Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) /（必要时）为国效劳（为国做重要工作）
答：Be loyal to the United States /效忠美国

*54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? /美国公民必须几岁才能投票选举总统？
答：Eighteen (18) and older /十八(18) 岁以上

55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?/美国人参与民主政治的两种方法是什么？（注：回答下列任何两项即可）
答：Vote /投票
答：Join a political party /加入政党
答：Help with a campaign /协助竞选活动
答：Join a civic group /加入公民团体
答：Join a community group /加入小区团体
答：Give an elected official your opinion on an issue /向民选官员提供自己对某项议题的意见。
答：Call Senators and Representatives/拨电给参议员和众议员
答：Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy /公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
答：Run for office /竞选公职
答：Write to a newspaper /向报社投函

*56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? 寄送联邦所得税表的截止日期是哪一天？
答：（每年的）4月15日

57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? 所有男性到了哪个年龄必须注册「兵役登记」？
答：At age eighteen (18) /年满十八岁时
答：Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) /十八(18) 岁至廿六(26) 岁之间

AMERICAN HISTORY 美国历史

A. Colonial Period and Independence/殖民期与独立

58. What is one reason colonists came to America?/殖民者当初到美国的一项理由是什么？
答：Freedom /自由
答：Political liberty /政治自由
答：Religious freedom /宗教自由
答：Economic opportunity /经济机会
答：Practice their religion /从事宗教活动
答：Escape persecution /逃避迫害

59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? 欧洲人抵达美国之前，谁已经居住在美国？
答：Native Americans /美国原住民
答：American Indians /美国印第安人

60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?/哪一群人被带到美国并被贩卖为奴？
答：Africans /非洲人
答：People from Africa /来自非洲的人

61. Why did the colonists fight the British?/殖民者为何与英国作战？
答：Because of high taxes (taxation without representation) /因为高额捐税（只缴税，没有代表权）
答：Because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)/因为英国军队住在他们的住宅内（寄宿、宿营）
答：Because they didn’t have selfgovernment/因为他们没有自治权

62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?/《独立宣言》是谁写的？
答：(Thomas) Jefferson /（托马斯）杰斐逊（第三任总统）

63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?/《独立宣言》是何时通过采用的？
答：July 4, 1776 /1776 年7 月4 日

64. There were 13 original states.Name three. /美国原先有13 个州。请列举其中三个州。
答：New Hampshire /新罕布什尔
答：Massachusetts /麻萨诸塞
答：Rhode Island /罗得岛
答：Connecticut /康涅狄格
答：New York /纽约
答：New Jersey 纽泽西
答：Pennsylvania /宾夕法尼亚
答：Delaware /特拉华
答：Maryland /马里兰
答：Virginia /弗吉尼亚
答：North Carolina /北卡罗莱纳
答：South Carolina /南卡罗莱纳
答：Georgia /乔治亚

65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? 制宪会议达成了什么事？
答：The Constitution was written. /拟定宪法
答：The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. /开国诸贤拟定了宪法

66. When was the Constitution written?/宪法是何时拟定的？
答：1787 年

67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers./《联邦论》支持美国宪法的通过。请列举一名《联邦论》的作者？
答：(James) Madison /（杰姆斯）麦迪逊（第四任总统）
答：(Alexander) Hamilton /（亚历山大）汉米顿（第一任财政部长）
答：(John) Jay /（约翰）杰伊（第一任首席大法官）
答：Publius /普布利乌斯（以上三位共同笔名）

68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? 班哲明‧富兰克林著称的一项事迹是什么？
答：U.S. diplomat /美国外交官
答：Oldest member of the Constitutional Convention /制宪会议年纪最长的成员
答：First Postmaster General of the United States /美国第一任邮政总局局长
答：Writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”/《穷人理查德年鉴》的作者
答：Started the first free libraries /开办第一个免费图书馆

69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?/谁是「美国国父」？
答：(George) Washington /(乔治)华盛顿

*70. Who was the first President?/谁是第一任总统？
答：(George) Washington /（乔治）华盛顿（任职两届）

B. 1800s 1800年代

71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?/美国在1803 年向法国购买哪块领地？
答：the Louisiana Territory /路易斯安那领地
答: Louisiana /路易斯安那

72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s./列举一场美国在1800年代参与的战争。
答：War of 1812 /1812 年战争
答：Mexican-American War /美墨战争
答：Civil War /内战
答：Spanish-American War /美国与西班牙战争

73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. /请说出美国南方与北方之间战争的名称？
答：The Civil War /内战
答：The War between the States /州际战争

74. Name one problem that led to the CivilWar. /列举一项导致内战的问题
答：Slavery /奴隶制度
答：Economic reasons /经济原因
答：States’ rights /各州的权力问题

*75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? /亚伯拉罕‧林肯的一项重要事迹是什么？
答：Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) /解放奴隶（解放宣言）
答：Saved (or preserved) the Union /拯救（保留）联盟
答：Led the United States during the Civil War /在内战期间引领美国

76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? /《解放宣言》达成了什么？
答：Freed the slaves /解放了奴隶
答：Freed slaves in the Confederacy /解放了联邦制下的奴隶
答：Freed slaves in the Confederate state 解放了联邦各州的奴隶
答：Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了南方大部分州的奴隶

77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?/苏珊B. 安东尼的事迹是什么？
答：Fought for women’s rights /为女权奋斗
答：Fought for civil rights /为民权奋斗

C. Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information/美国近代史与其他重要的历史资料

*78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s./列举一场美国在1900年代参与的战争？
答：World War I /第一次世界大战
答：World War II /第二次世界大战
答：Korean War /朝鲜战争
答：Vietnam War /越战
答：(Persian) Gulf War /（波斯湾）海湾战争

79. Who was President during World War I?/第一次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁？
答：(Woodrow) Wilson/（伍德罗）威尔逊

80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?/美国经济大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的总统是谁？
答：(Franklin) Roosevelt/弗兰克林）
罗斯福（1933至1945连任四届）

81. Who did the United States fight in World War II? /美国在第二次世界大战与哪些国家作战？
答：Japan, Germany and Italy /日本、德国、意大利

82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?/艾森豪威尔在当总统以前是将军。他曾参加哪一场战争？
答：World War II /第二次世界大战

83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?/在冷战期间，美国的主要顾虑是什么？
答：Communism /共产主义

84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?/哪项运动试图结束种族歧视？
答：civil rights (movement) /民权(运动)

*85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?/小马丁‧路德‧金的事迹是什么？
答：Fought for civil rights /为民权奋斗
答：Worked for equality for all Americans /为所有美国人争取平等

86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States? /美国在2001年9 月11日发生了什么重大事件？
答：Terrorists attacked the United States. 恐怖份子攻击美国

87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States./列举一个美国印地安人部族。
[Adjudicators will be supplied with a complete list.]（USCIS 主考官将有联邦承认的美国印地安人部族清单）
答：Cherokee /切洛基（散居于奥克拉荷马与北卡罗来纳州一带，大族裔)
答：Navajo / 纳瓦荷（散居于亚利桑那州，新墨西哥州及犹他州一带，大族裔）
答：Sioux /苏
答：Chippewa /齐普瓦
答：Choctaw /乔克陶
答：Pueblo /布耶布洛
答：Apache /阿帕契
答：Iroquois /伊洛奎斯
答：Creek /库瑞克
答：Blackfeet /布雷克非特
答：Seminole /赛米诺利
答：Cheyenne /夏安
答：Arawak /阿拉瓦克
答：Shawnee /萧尼
答：Mohegan /莫希根
答：Huron /休伦
答：Oneida /欧尼达
答：Lakota /拉科塔
答：Crow /克洛
答：Teton /泰顿
答：Hopi /贺皮
答：Inuit /伊努特

INTEGRATED CIVICS 综合公民（归化试题）

A. Geography 地理

88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States./列举美国最长的两条河中的一条?

答：Missouri (River) /米苏里（河）
答：Mississippi (River) /密西西比（河）

89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?/美国西岸濒临什么海洋？
答：Pacific (Ocean) /太平洋

90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? /美国东岸濒临什么海洋？
答：Atlantic (Ocean) /大西洋

91. Name one U.S. territory./列举一个美国领地？
答：Puerto Rico /波多黎各
答：U.S. Virgin Islands /美属维京群岛
答：American Samoa /美属萨摩亚
答：Northern Mariana Islands /北马里亚纳群岛
答：Guam /关岛

92. Name one state that borders Canada./列举一个与加拿大毗连的州？

答：Maine /缅因州
答：New Hampshire /新罕布什尔州
答：Vermont /佛蒙特州
答：New York /纽约州
答：Pennsylvania /宾夕法尼亚州
答：Ohio /俄亥俄州
答：Michigan /密执安州
答：Minnesota /明尼苏达州
答：North Dakota /北达科塔州
答：Montana /蒙大拿州
答：Idaho /爱达荷州
答：Washington /华盛顿州
答：Alaska /阿拉斯加州

93. Name one state that borders Mexico./列举一个与墨西哥毗连的州？
答：California /加利福尼亚州
答：Arizona /亚利桑那州
答：New Mexico /新墨西哥州
答：Texas /得克萨斯州

*94. What is the capital of the United States?/美国的首都在哪里？
答：Washington, D.C. /华盛顿哥伦比亚特区

*95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?/自由女神像在哪里？
答：New York (Harbor) /纽约（港）
答：Liberty Island /自由岛
[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]（回答：新泽西，纽约市附近，或在哈德逊河均属正确答案）

B. Symbols 标志

96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?/国旗上为何有十三个横条？
答：Because there were 13 original colonies /因为最早有十三个（英国）殖民地
答：Because the stripes represent the original colonies /因为横条代表最早的殖民地

*97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?/国旗上为何有五十颗星？
答：Because there is one star for each state /因为每州有一颗星
答：Because each star represents a state 因为每颗星代表一个州
答：Because there are 50 states /因为有五十个州

98. What is the name of the national anthem? /国歌的歌名为何？
答：The Star-Spangled Banner /星光灿烂的旗帜

C. Holidays 假期

*99. When do we celebrate Independence Day? /我们庆祝独立纪念日是在哪一天？
答：July 4 /七月四日（1776年）

100. Name two national U.S. holidays./试述两个美国国定假日？(注意：必须回答2 个答案)
答：New Year’s Day /新年（元旦）
答：Martin Luther King, Jr., Day /小马丁路德金纪念日
答：Presidents’ Day /总统日
答：Memorial Day /追悼日（美国阵亡将士纪念日）
答：Independence Day /独立纪念日
答：Labor Day /劳工节
答：Columbus Day /哥伦布日
答：Veterans Day /退伍军人节
答：Thanksgiving /感恩节
答：Christmas /（耶稣）圣诞节

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