600年不积水？北京故宫辟谣

近日，在网络上传播的关于故宫博物院慈宁宫暴雨时积水的画面，让网友们对故宫博物院的排水系统功能提出质疑。

Videos of waterlogging during heavy rain at the Palace of Compassion and Tranquility in the Forbidden City in Beijing have been circulating online, raising concerns about the effectiveness of the drainage system in this old imperial palace.

故宫是否出现了严重积水？

据北京青年报报道，明清两代都会在每年三月，打开暗沟进行清淤，目前故宫每年春夏秋进行三次清淤，清淤的次数并不少。

此次慈宁宫出现积水，并不是现代科技清淤不行，而是工作人员在暗沟里发现了只有现代社会才有的产物：塑料瓶、塑料袋，还有毛巾，甚至衣物，这些东西堵住了暗沟的排水。疏通后，目前已经排水顺畅。

People in the Ming and Qing dynasties used to dredge the hidden gutters every March. Currently, the Palace Mu, also known as the Palace Museum, conducts three dredging operations each year.

The waterlogging in the Palace of Compassion and Tranquility this time was caused by the blockage of the hidden gutters with modern debris such as plastic bottles, plastic bags, towels, and even clothing. The blockages now have been removed.

故宫600多年历史的排水系统

是怎样工作的？

连日来，北京遭遇强降雨天气，故宫再现“九龙吐水”。依靠精妙的排水系统，宏大的故宫建筑群，在暴雨中安然无恙。

7月31日，故宫太和殿台基的螭首吐出雨水。新华社记者 金良快 摄

紫禁城的雨水排水系统始建于明代，故宫的地面顺应北京地理环境特点，整体走势呈北高南低、中间高两边低，而且略有坡度。这一坡降为自然排水创造了有利条件，使积水能缓慢排泄。

故宫博物院世界遗产监测部主任狄雅静介绍，故宫保留至今的古代雨水沟的长度超过15公里，其中暗沟长度将近13公里。故宫内的排水沟渠全部通向内金水河，内金水河又与故宫城墙外侧52米宽的护城河相连，并同周边的外金水河、中南海等水系相通。

Rainwater is spilt from gargoyles in the shape of Chi, a legendary dragon in Chinese culture, inside the Forbidden City. As the city of Beijing was hit by rainstorms in recent days, the Forbidden City remained free of flooding thanks to the sound drainage system.

The system, first built in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), still retains ancient rain ditches adding up to 15 kilometers in length, 13 kilometers of which are hidden, said Di Yajing, director of the museum's department of architectural heritage. All those ditches lead to the Inner Golden River connected to the surrounding moat outside the Forbidden City as well as the Outer Golden River and the Zhonghai-Nanhai water systems.

故宫建成600多年没有过积水

是真实的吗？

在历史文献中经常发现，故宫整个区域出现屋面漏雨、墙垣倒塌，还有院落积水这样的一些记载，比如光绪十一年的阴历四月，从东华门到西华门这一带积水“数尺不等”，但是积水积完了以后大家的做法都是尽快找到堵点，把它清理了，就能快速地恢复它的排水功能。

Staff at the Palace Museum have debunked the rumor that the historical landmark had never encountered water accumulation in its 600-year existence. Historical documents reveal frequent instances of roof leaks, wall collapses, and courtyard water accumulation recorded throughout the Palace Museum's premises.

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编辑：陈月华

实习生：韩冀桐

来源：新华网 北京晚报