NASA称自己未被中国邀请研究月壤?外媒:别犯蠢了
据美国新闻网站Politico报道,美国国家航空和航天局(NASA)发言人费斯(Faith Mckie)在6月28日表示,中国与法国、意大利、巴基斯坦和欧洲航天局合作开展从月球背面采集样本的任务,但并未邀请NASA参与。她称,虽然中国欢迎世界各地的科学家参与研究月壤,但中国没有直接邀请NASA。
China worked with the European Space Agency, France, Italy and Pakistan on a mission that retrieved the first-ever samples from the far side of the moon last week. NASA wasn’t invited to take part in the moon probe, agency spokesperson Faith Mckie told NatSec Daily.
图源:美国新闻网站Politico
7月1日,中国外交部发言人毛宁在例行记者会上就此事答记者问时说,美国似乎忘了沃尔夫条款等国内法的存在,“不知道美国科学家和相关机构会不会被本国政府允许参与对话交流合作”。
"The US side seems to have forgotten to mention their domestic legislation such as the Wolf Amendment. The real question is whether the US scientists and institutions are allowed by their own government to participate in exchanges and cooperation with China," Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning said on Monday.
据路透社报道,美国国会2011年通过沃尔夫条款(Wolf Amendment),禁止美国国家航空和航天局(NASA)未经特别批准,与中国或中国拥有的企业(Chinese-owned company)展开合作。
The Wolf Amendment was enacted in 2011 and prevents direct US-Chinese bilateral cooperation except in cases where the FBI can certify that there is no national security risk to sharing information with the Chinese side in the course of work.
毛宁还提到,中国政府对中美航天交流合作持开放态度,嫦娥六号任务向全球发布了机遇公告,“我们也欢迎世界各国参与研究月球样品”。
6月27日,中国国家航天局副局长卞志刚在发布会上强调,针对美国科学家会否参与研究嫦娥六号采回的月球样品这一问题,中美航天合作的障碍根源还在于美国沃尔夫条款这样的国内法。
China’s space officials said Thursday they welcomed scientists from around the world to apply to study the lunar rock samples that the Chang’e 6 probe brought back to Earth in a historic mission, but noted there were limits to that cooperation, specifically with the United States.
“The source of the obstacle in US-China aerospace cooperation is still in the Wolf Amendment,” said Bian Zhigang, vice chair of the China National Space Administration. “If the US truly wants to hope to began regular aerospace cooperation, I think they should take the appropriate measures to remove the obstacle.”
他还说,如果美国真的希望能跟中国开展正常的航天交流,应当采取切实措施清除障碍。沃尔夫条款阻碍了中美两国正常的航天交流,但无法阻碍中国航天快速发展的步伐。
“中国政府现在拥有了其他人从未拥有过的东西——来自月球背面的岩石和土壤。”美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)报道这样形容,嫦娥六号任务的圆满完成堪称一次科学飞跃,进一步巩固了中国作为仅次于美国的世界顶级航天大国之一的地位。
"The government of China now possesses something that no other humans have ever encountered — rocks and soil from the far side of the moon."
针对NASA反复“倒打一耙”的行为,美国一家发源于Reddit子版块的新闻网站“未来主义(Futurism)”直言不讳地写道:“NASA无法研究中国令人惊叹的月壤,背后原因极其愚蠢”。
文章首先对中国嫦娥六号在月背采集月壤这一成果“花式”赞扬,称“迄今为止,只有中国登陆过月球背面......嫦娥六号取得的开创性成果终于为神秘的月背研究提供了一些线索。”
该文章随后指出,因为自己设立的“沃尔夫条款”,美国无法参与月壤的科研活动。它还援引了美国杂志《科学美国》曾在2021年针对这项条款发出的批判之声:“(该条款)就像一颗政治足球。”
The controversial piece of legislation has turned into a hot-button topic, with a potential repeal becoming a "political football, tossed between hawkish factions eager to paint China as an emerging adversary in space and less combative advocates wishing to leverage the country’s meteoric rise in that area to benefit the US," as Scientific American wrote in 2021.
这项备受争议的条款已经成为一个敏感话题,是否废除“沃尔夫条款”成为一颗“政治足球”,在急于将中国描绘成新兴对手的鹰派人士,与希望利用中国在航空领域的迅速崛起来为美国谋利的鸽派人士之间来回博弈”。
hot-button/ˈhɒtˌbʌt.ən/: 敏感问题
repeal/rəˈpēl/废除;废止
另据CNN7月1日报道称,在中方宣布欢迎各国申请研究嫦娥六号带回的月球样品后,NASA局长比尔·纳尔逊对此“很高兴”,还不忘提到美国以前也是这么做的。纳尔逊为美方研究人员申请获得这些样本开了绿灯,但他仍傲慢地表示,美方科学家和律师将共同参与相关程序,“以确保中国人坚持的指示和护栏”,不违反“沃尔夫条款”的有关规定。
“未来主义”这篇文章最后写道,中国目前处于谈判的有利地位。近年来,中国已成功登陆月球表面近六次,其努力速度远远超过了 NASA。美国宇航局上次登陆月球表面已是半个多世纪以前的事情了——要改变这一现状,美国还有很长的路要走。
编辑:李涵萌
来源:南华早报 Politico CNN 观察者网 未来主义
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