亲爱的,你要永远记得我:好好告别爱情
(四)好好告别爱情
迈克尔·德雷顿(Michael Drayton,1563-1631)是与莎翁同时代的英国著名诗人,主要活动于伊丽莎白一世统治时期,一生致力于创作十四行诗、田园诗和其他体裁的诗歌,能够熟练自如地使用当时流行的各种诗歌体式。
他的《牧歌》第九首(The Ninth Eclogue )描述了英国乡村隆重的剪羊毛仪式,现将部分诗行翻译如下:
“六月末,羊毛完全长成
过去的一整年中,
老练的牧羊人熟悉所有的季节,
他们立即开始剪羊毛。
(Late 'twas in June, the Fleece when fully growne,
In the full compasse of the passed yeere,
The Season well by skilfull Shepheards knowne,
That them provide immediately to sheere.)
此刻他们的羊羔又健康又强壮,
已经禁止它们吸母羊的奶头,
而是和成群的羊在田野里
吃着相同的草。
(Their Lambes late wax't so lusty and so strong,
That time did them their Mothers Teats forbid,
And in the fields the common flocks among,
Eate of the same Grasse that the greater did.)
不放牧时牧羊人自由自在
他油亮的靴子和秋天的刺李一样黑,
平缓的丘陵展露新鲜的赤褐色
吸引每个人前去踏足。
(When not a Shepheard any thing that could,
But greaz'd his start-ups blacke as Autumns Sloe,
And for the better credit of the Wold,
In their fresh Russets every one doth goe.)
(注:start-ups, 一种高邦或半绑腿的靴子)
谁的帽子上没有碎花别针?
谁不戴着和聪明的鲍德里克一样的花环?
有些花,和他手上握着的同款,
其他的花,有着秘密的含义:
(Who now a Posie pins not in his Cap?
And not a Garland Baldricke-wise doth weare?
Some, of such Flowers as to his hand doth hap,
Others, such as a secret meaning beare:
(注:Posie pins,一种传统别针,针头上的小花是碎布做成的)
这位棒小伙送出了薰衣草,
向她示爱,并渴望获得回报,
给心上人迷迭香,他的意图是,
他们要两不相忘。
(He from his Lasse him Lavander hath sent,
Shewing her Love, and doth requitall crave,
Him Rosemary his Sweet-heart, whose intent,
Is that, he her should in remembrance have.)
玫瑰,代表着他的青春和热望,
她的鼠尾草,里面有他的权威,
七月花宣告着他的温柔,
三色堇代表时间,真相,女士们称为舒心花:”
(Roses, his youth and strong desire expresse,
Her Sage, doth shew his soverainty in all,
The July-Flowre declares his gentlenesse,
Time, Truth, the Pansie, Harts-ease Maydens call:)
诗中的鲍德里克(Baldricke,即Baldrick)是英国传统喜剧中的一个人物,乃亲王埃德蒙·布莱克斯特(Edmund Blackadder)的仆人和同伴。牧羊人剪羊毛前必须郑重其事,着盛装,脚穿油光发亮的黑皮靴,头上戴着和鲍德里克一样的花环,上面的每一朵花都有含义:薰衣草代表爱情,迷迭香代表纪念等。
迈克尔·德雷顿的诗歌在伊丽莎白一世统治时期很流行,可惜后世阅读并研究他的作品的不多,今人大多只记得他的那首发表于1593年《爱的告别》(Love's Farewell):
“既然毫无办法,让我们亲吻分离,
我已尽力,你从我这里再无所得;
我很高兴,是的,满心欢喜,
我可以如此自由地解放自己;
(Since there's no help, come let us kiss and part, —
Nay I have done, you get no more of me;
And I am glad, yea, glad with all my heart,
That thus so cleanly I myself can free;)
握手永别,取消我们所有的誓言,
今后无论何时再见,
我们各自的眉眼间不要显现
曾经的一丝一点保留的爱恋。
(Shake hands for ever, cancel all our vows,
And when we meet at any time again,
Be it not seen in either of our brows
That we one jot of former love retain.)
现在爱发出最后一口气息
他的脉搏衰竭,激情无语卧倒,
信仰跪在他的死亡床边,
天真将他的双目合起,
(Now at the last gasp of love's latest breath,
When, his pulse failing, passion speechless lies,
When faith is kneeling, by his bed of death,
And innocence is closing up his eyes,)
-现在如果你愿意,当所有的一切都放弃了他,
你仍然可以让他起死回生!
(—Now if thou would'st, when all have given him over,
From death to life thou might'st him yet recover!)
这首诗让我们学会了如何好好地告别爱情。