关于同性恋的成因：先天还是后天？
The Biological Roots in Sexual Orientation
The roots of sexual orientation is still poorly understood right now. scientists discredited severy theories of sexual orientation.
Research shows that each of the following 4 statements are false:
-sons become gay when raised by a domineering mother and a weak father;
-girls become lesbians when their father is their primary role model;
-children raisd by gay or lesbian parents usually adopt their parents' sexual orientation;
-gay and lesbian adults were, as children, seduced by an older person of their sex.
They are false, false, false, and false.
If all these statements are false, what determines a personal's sexual orientation? The exact factors probably differ from one person to the next, but many scientists today believe that biology plays an important role. Some evidence suggests that heredity and hormones during mother's pregnancy influence sexual orientation.
Considering the pressure of stigma and prejudice homosexual people are receiving, I would think it'll be crazy for one to intentionally choose to be a gay--most people will avoid being associated to gay people, much like the way during cultural revolution people tried to avoid to associate themselves to some landlords/rich-farmers/counter-revolutionaries/rightists, not to mention to purposefully become one.
They are one because they are born or pre-wired that way (nature) not because they choose to be that way (nurture).
So if your child tried out and found he or she indeed is a gay or lesbian, that means your child accepts himself or herself. They are not hiding their identity.
As a parent, you may encourage your child to be herself/himself. Be supportive however they are and likely they are not a gay (since after all gay people are a minority).
Today's gays and lesbians are very much like 中国的右派 some 30+ years ago. People are not tolerant of them, the same way.
Debate on Parenting Forum:
----(要是那么说的话，那同性恋要孩子“道德”吗？)
偶灯斯陋: Research indicates children growing up in gay and lesbian families do not have more problems than children growing up in heterosexuals.
回复：这正是我很困惑的地方，生长在同性恋家庭，对孩子会有什么影响？我想像应该与传统家庭的孩子不一样。也可能我是杞人忧天？！
偶灯斯陋: In fact there are some courtroom cases from which we see gay families do not cause more problems for children than straight families.
Perhaps gays and lesbians have suffered enough and tend to be sensitive and open-minded so they are more responsive to their children.
来源: crazydog 于 08-10-13 17:02:55 For those who claim homosexuality is not "right" or "natural"
Scientific studies find otherwise. Homosexuality is a natural part of nature and has been found in over 1500 animal species. It is something one "teaches". It is biological. For those who believe in God, like it or not, this is part of God's creation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_sexuality
偶灯斯陋: Right-- likely it's inborn. knowing they are going to suffer, who will choose to be a gay?
来源: Xiaokanshijie: There is no evidence of such genetic inprint 由 Xiaokanshijie 于 2008-10-13 16:20:24
偶灯斯陋:
The American Psychological Association on Sexual Orientation and Homosexuality:
What Is Sexual Orientation?
Sexual orientation is an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual, or affectional attraction toward others. It is easily distinguished from other components of sexuality including biological sex, gender identity (the psychological sense of being male or female), and the social gender role (adherence to cultural norms for feminine and masculine behavior).
Sexual orientation exists along a continuum that ranges from exclusive heterosexuality to exclusive homosexuality and includes various forms of bisexuality. Bisexual persons can experience sexual, emotional, and affectional attraction to both their own sex and the opposite sex. Persons with a homosexual orientation are sometimes referred to as gay (both men and women) or as lesbian (women only).
Sexual orientation is different from sexual behavior because it refers to feelings and self-concept. Individuals may or may not express their sexual orientation in their behaviors.
What Causes a Person To Have a Particular Sexual Orientation?
There are numerous theories about the origins of a person's sexual orientation. Most scientists today agree that sexual orientation is most likely the result of a complex interaction of environmental, cognitive and biological factors. In most people, sexual orientation is shaped at an early age. There is also considerable recent evidence to suggest that biology, including genetic or inborn hormonal factors, play a significant role in a person's sexuality.
It's important to recognize that there are probably many reasons for a person's sexual orientation, and the reasons may be different for different people.
Is Sexual Orientation a Choice?
No, human beings cannot choose to be either gay or straight. For most people, sexual orientation emerges in early adolescence without any prior sexual experience. Although we can choose whether to act on our feelings, psychologists do not consider sexual orientation to be a conscious choice that can be voluntarily changed.
Can Therapy Change Sexual Orientation?
No; even though most homosexuals live successful, happy lives, some homosexual or bisexual people may seek to change their sexual orientation through therapy, often coerced by family members or religious groups to try and do so. The reality is that homosexuality is not an illness. It does not require treatment and is not changeable. However, not all gay, lesbian, and bisexual people who seek assistance from a mental health professional want to change their sexual orientation. Gay, lesbian, and bisexual people may seek psychological help with the coming out process or for strategies to deal with prejudice, but most go into therapy for the same reasons and life issues that bring straight people to mental health professionals.
http://apahelpcenter.org/articles/article.php?id=31
来源: xiaokanshijie: What you provide are only statements and no evidence at all.
The logic is: if there is a single case proving that gay can change back to heterosexual, then it proves that there is no gay gene.
来源: 偶灯斯陋:You are mistaken! 回复：There is no evidence of such genetic inprin
You are too simplistic!
If I have time, I will give you the link to some current research to refute that Spitzer stuff (his is outdated!--published in when? 1990?)
来源: xiaokanshijie: Sofistication would not help on this issue. If some gay can change in 1990s. It's done. Any new "claim" of gay gene has lost its ground.
来源: 偶灯斯陋 :Exactly. As you put it, "If some gay can change in 1990s. It's done." Therefore, gays cannot be changed.
When I say you were too simplistic, it's because rightnow any conclusion about the cause of homosexualisty is too early, too premature--it's a complex issue--maybe genetic, maybe hormonal during pregnancy (google Bogaert, 2003 study), or the combination of several factors.
A Feb. 2008 publication titled "Just the Facts" issued by APA and other organizations especially addressed and warned against the Sexual orientation conversion therapy by Spitzer and the like.
see:
http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.pdf
来源: Xiaokanshijie: 叫一声爸爸妈妈 http://web.wenxuecity.com/BBSView.php?SubID=znjy&MsgID=736616
来源: 偶灯斯陋: This poster is MISLEADING! 回复：叫一声爸爸妈妈
It shows the poster-maker's bigotry.
Homosexual people are not your enemies. They are a minority group who suffered from enough discrimination and prejudice.
This www.1man1woman.net group is spreading hatred. Look at the #5 reasons, they are simply outrageously untrue!
http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.pdf
来源: xiaokanshijie: 回答: This poster is MISLEADING! 回复：叫一声爸爸妈妈 由 偶灯斯陋 于 2008-10-13 20:19:35
"This www.1man1woman.net group is spreading hatred. Look at the #5 reasons, they are simply outrageous!"
See, this is exactly what majority people should be worried of being accused. If Prop.8 not passed, any people say something what homosexual people dislike will be called spreading hatred and may get sued. At that time, school may be asked to teach homosexual practice as a normal lifestyle (Massachusetts has done that already). No parents can say a single word to against it, or prepare to be sued.
In one sentence, for parents truely care your children's education and healthy growth, VOTE YES on Prop 8.
来源: 偶灯斯陋: Nonsense! 回复：叫一声爸爸妈妈
Look at what rumor you are making:
"At that time, school may be asked to teach homosexual practice as a normal lifestyle (Massachusetts has done that already)."
Tell me which school is teaching heterosexual practice? Can you name one? If not, you KNOW you are telling a lie.
You wrote: "...Massachusetts has done that already".
Name one Massachusetts school that teaches homosexual practice. Or can you?
来源: jellybean3: 再问，支持同性恋婚姻的父母会支持孩子尝试同性恋吗？
来源: 偶灯斯陋:Ask Cheney did he and his wife support Mary to try homosexual.
来源: rabbi-jyl: LZ question-- do you support your kids to try out hm?
来源: 偶灯斯陋:if they are, certainly. my love to my kids are unconditional.
Now let me ask you: Would you stop loving your kids just because they are gay or lesbian? (Remember, 5% in a population is 5%!)
As we understand adolescents might explore the world to determine their identity, if they are gay (determined by genetics or hormonal factors during mother's pregnancy) they acknowledge they are gay, that's true to themselves, if they are not gay, realize they are not, again, true to yourself and accept yourself which leads to psychological health. Parents accept their children regardless.
If you think your child becomes a gay because of friends' or teacher's influence, very likely he/she has that natural tendency in the first place.
来源: jellybean3 还是同样问题再问一遍，不反对同性婚姻的家长你会让孩子参加同性婚姻仪式吗？
来源: 偶灯斯陋: If they are your close friends. Why not?
Do you think they ar criminals? They are ordinary people just like you and me.
In fact their percentage in the population is comparable to ours. 5%. Asian Americans are about 5% in American population. Then Chinese Americans are even fewer than 5%.
I know a few friends and colleagues who are homosexual and they are decent, sensitive, considerate human beings.
来源: SayCheese : 你自己会尝试同性恋吗？
来源: 偶灯斯陋: No. I will not. Not interested. Homosexuals are mostly biologically based. If you are not born that way, even if you try, you will not adopt that style. It's not a learned behavior.
IT's not a contagious disease.
来源: wendi: how much do elementary school kids know about "客观事实"? how well can an elementary school teacher teach about homosexual? how analytical can a elementary kid be to understand this issue and not to be confused?
来源: 偶灯斯陋: How much do elementary school kids know about sex by heterosexual people (that's us)?
do teachers teach them?
I don't think so!
Get more information about homosexuality to reduce your anxiety.
来源 家园: If you are not sure what you said here is the FACT, then don't pretend you are the expert. Your article sounds like it's some expert's wording. I didn't even know it is yours. If I knew I won't even bother. you can disagree with me, vice versa, what's the big deal? Don't be so touchy.
来源: 偶灯斯陋: To you, the world is either black or white, there is no gray?
It's understandable that some people cannot endure the ambiguity. If you check around, you'll find expert opinions are that homosexual is likely biologically rooted. (see: www.apa.org)
Of course you'll still keep hating it anyway.
As I anticipated my words will be offensive to those who cannot see the connection of being discriminated as a minority between Chinese Americans and gays and lesbians.
If you think it's OK to discriminate against other minority groups and it's OK to teach your children to be intolerent and to hold prejudice against the other minorities it's really your own business.
However, the future of this society will be more and more open, tolerant, and acceptive to the diversity. That's the hope.