Redian新闻
>
Plant RNAs Found in Mammals The-Scientists Highlights
avatar
Plant RNAs Found in Mammals The-Scientists Highlights# Biology - 生物学
e*7
1
网上状态变了,多久收到卡?
avatar
b*t
2
那个。。。闪光灯,总是啪的跳出来,把照相的人吓一跳。有什么办法可以让他不跳?
还是就这样,吓着吓着就习惯了?
avatar
j*d
3
http://the-scientist.com/2011/09/20/plant-rnas-found-in-mammals
+Plant RNAs Found in Mammals
MicroRNAs from plants accumulate in mammalian blood and tissues, where they
can regulate gene expression.
By Cristina Luiggi | September 20, 2011
11 Comments Link thisStumbleTweet thisDreamstime.com, Rewat
WannasukMicroRNAs from common plant crops such as rice and cabbage can be
found in the blood and tissues of humans and other plant-eating mammals,
according to a study published today in Cell Research. One microRNA in
particular, MIR168a, which is highly enriched in rice, was found to inhibit
a protein that helps removes low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from the blood,
suggesting that microRNAs can influence gene expression across kingdoms.
“This is a very exciting piece of work that suggests that the food we eat
may directly regulate gene expression in our bodies,” said Clay Marsh,
Director of the Center for Personalized Health Care at the Ohio State
University College of Medicine who researches microRNA expression in human
blood but who was not involved in the study.
MicroRNAs are, as the name implies, very short RNA sequences (approximately
22 nucleotides in length) discovered in the early 1990s. They are known to
modulate gene expression by binding to mRNA, often resulting in inhibition.
With the recent discovery that microRNAs circulate the blood by hitching a
ride in small membrane-encased particles known as microvesicles (see our
July 2011 feature on microvesicles, “Exosome Explosion”), there has been a
surge of interest in microRNAs as a novel class of biomarkers for a variety
of diseases.
Chen-Yu Zhang, a molecular biologist at Nanjing University in China, was
studying the role of circulating microRNAs in health and disease when he
discovered that microRNAs are present in other bodily fluids such as milk.
This gave him the “crazy idea” that exogenous microRNAs, such as those
ingested through the consumption of milk, could also be found circulating in
the serum of mammals, he recalled.
To test his hypothesis, Zhang and his team of researchers sequenced the
blood microRNAs of 31 healthy Chinese subjects and searched for the presence
of plant microRNAs. Because plant microRNAs are structurally different from
those of mammals, they react differently to oxidizing agents, and the
researchers were able to differentiate the two by treating them with sodium
periodate, which oxidizes mammal but not plant microRNAs.
To their surprise, they found about 40 types of plant microRNAs circulating
in the subjects’ blood—some of which were found in concentrations that
were comparable to major endogenous human microRNAs.
The plant microRNAs with the highest concentrations were MIR156a and MIR168a
, both of which are known to be enriched in rice and cruciferous vegetables
such as cauliflower, cabbage, and broccoli. Furthermore, the researchers
detected the two microRNAs in the blood, lungs, small intestine, and livers
of mice, in variable concentrations that significantly increased after the
mice were fed raw rice (although cooked rice was also shown to contain
intact MIR168a).
Next, the researchers scoured sequence databases for putative target genes
of MIR156a and MIR168a and found that MIR168a shared sequence
complementarity with approximately 50 mammalian genes. The most highly
conserved of these sequences across the animal kingdom was the exon 4 of the
low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 gene (LDLRAP1).
LDLRAP1 is highly expressed in the liver, where it interacts with the low-
density lipoprotein receptor to help remove low-density lipoprotein (LDL),
aka “bad” cholesterol, from the blood.
The researchers hypothesized that MIR168a could be taken up by the
epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract, packaged into
microvesicles, and secreted into the blood stream, where they can make their
way to target organs. Once in the liver, MIR168a binds to LDLRAP1 mRNA,
reducing the protein levels and ultimately impairing the removal of LDL from
the blood.
To test this hypothesis in vitro, the researchers transfected synthetic
MIR168a into a human epithelial cell line and collected the secreted
microvesicles. When they added these microvesicles to a liver cell line
called HepG2, they found that while it did not change the levels of LDLRAP1
mRNA, it did decrease the levels of the actual LDLRAP1 protein.
Likewise, the LDLRAP1 protein level decreased in the livers of live mice 3
to 7 days after eating fresh rice or being injected with synthetic MIR168a—
significantly increasing LDL in the blood. When the researchers injected the
mice with an RNA sequence that bound to and neutralized MIR168a, the
protein and LDL levels returned to normal.
“This microRNA inhibits this protein and increased the plasma LDL levels,”
Zhang said. With higher levels of circulating cholesterol, “it can
possibly increase the risk of metabolic syndrome,” he added. But more
importantly, this research points to a “new therapeutic strategy for the
treatment of diseases,” based on the enhancement or inhibition of exogenous
microRNAs.
Although the team has still a long way to go in elucidating the mechanisms
by which plant microRNAs can regulate gene expression in humans, these
initial results promise to increase the understanding of how specific
ingredients in food can mediate health and disease, Marsh said.
Indeed, Zhang suspects that this is just one example of many. With time, “I
’m confident other people will find more exogenous plant microRNAs that can
pass through the GI tract and also have effects on the host physiology,”
Zhang said.
L. Zhang, et. al., “Exogenous plant MIR168a specifically targets mammalian
LDLRAP1: evidence of cross-kingdom regulation by microRNA,” Cell Research,
doi:10.1038/cr.2011.158, 2011.
avatar
a*x
4
一周之内

【在 e*******7 的大作中提到】
: 网上状态变了,多久收到卡?
avatar
c*u
5
买一个不带闪光灯的...
什么型号?450D/500D系列模式转盘上就有专门的flash off模式

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 那个。。。闪光灯,总是啪的跳出来,把照相的人吓一跳。有什么办法可以让他不跳?
: 还是就这样,吓着吓着就习惯了?

avatar
j*d
6
His lab should generate transgenic plants, as soon as possible, with RNAi
cassette, targeting oncogene, and feed animal models with tumor.

they
inhibit

【在 j*****d 的大作中提到】
: http://the-scientist.com/2011/09/20/plant-rnas-found-in-mammals
: +Plant RNAs Found in Mammals
: MicroRNAs from plants accumulate in mammalian blood and tissues, where they
: can regulate gene expression.
: By Cristina Luiggi | September 20, 2011
: 11 Comments Link thisStumbleTweet thisDreamstime.com, Rewat
: WannasukMicroRNAs from common plant crops such as rice and cabbage can be
: found in the blood and tissues of humans and other plant-eating mammals,
: according to a study published today in Cell Research. One microRNA in
: particular, MIR168a, which is highly enriched in rice, was found to inhibit

avatar
C*y
7
不用自动模式,闪光可以自己控制。
我比较喜欢AV模式。

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 那个。。。闪光灯,总是啪的跳出来,把照相的人吓一跳。有什么办法可以让他不跳?
: 还是就这样,吓着吓着就习惯了?

avatar
b*t
8
450D的,可是我怎么记得flash off乐,他还彭德跳出来吓人,只不过不闪而以。。。。。

【在 c*******u 的大作中提到】
: 买一个不带闪光灯的...
: 什么型号?450D/500D系列模式转盘上就有专门的flash off模式

avatar
b*t
9
AV???!!!

【在 C**********y 的大作中提到】
: 不用自动模式,闪光可以自己控制。
: 我比较喜欢AV模式。

avatar
C*y
10
自动模式下flash好像不能手动关掉吧?

。。。

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 450D的,可是我怎么记得flash off乐,他还彭德跳出来吓人,只不过不闪而以。。。。。
avatar
b*t
11
好深奥啊,gadget盲我需要好好捉摸一下
avatar
C*y
12
你是450D?和我的一样
AV就是Aperture Priority,光圈优先模式,在相机右上角那个转盘里。
这样你就只需要控制光圈和iso,相机决定快门。

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: AV???!!!
avatar
C*y
13
其实没有那么深奥,你试一下就知道了

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 好深奥啊,gadget盲我需要好好捉摸一下
avatar
c*u
14
这相机这么执着啊,不闪还跳出来干什么

。。。

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 450D的,可是我怎么记得flash off乐,他还彭德跳出来吓人,只不过不闪而以。。。。。
avatar
x*u
15
to scare people ah

【在 c*******u 的大作中提到】
: 这相机这么执着啊,不闪还跳出来干什么
:
: 。。。

avatar
b*t
16
阿太好啦,那以后有什么问题直接问你就成!

【在 C**********y 的大作中提到】
: 你是450D?和我的一样
: AV就是Aperture Priority,光圈优先模式,在相机右上角那个转盘里。
: 这样你就只需要控制光圈和iso,相机决定快门。

avatar
p*f
17
哈哈,想歪了吧?

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: AV???!!!
avatar
j*n
18
天天绵绵淘气的时候就用TV模式拍,安静得时候就用AV模式拍,室内保证光线充足,或
者买个外闪,防止虚了,450自带的闪光灯一般。
ps你家是白的,所以没有chaiyu拍T的烦恼,哈哈

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 那个。。。闪光灯,总是啪的跳出来,把照相的人吓一跳。有什么办法可以让他不跳?
: 还是就这样,吓着吓着就习惯了?

avatar
x*u
19
55555555555555

【在 j*****n 的大作中提到】
: 天天绵绵淘气的时候就用TV模式拍,安静得时候就用AV模式拍,室内保证光线充足,或
: 者买个外闪,防止虚了,450自带的闪光灯一般。
: ps你家是白的,所以没有chaiyu拍T的烦恼,哈哈

avatar
q*u
20
别用傻瓜档呗。如果平时照的时候不想琢磨光圈快门,可以用p档。

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 那个。。。闪光灯,总是啪的跳出来,把照相的人吓一跳。有什么办法可以让他不跳?
: 还是就这样,吓着吓着就习惯了?

avatar
b*t
21
真是牛仁辈出阿,充分暴露了我的无知。。。
avatar
s*r
22
啥叫p档?啥叫iso?shy

【在 q**u 的大作中提到】
: 别用傻瓜档呗。如果平时照的时候不想琢磨光圈快门,可以用p档。
avatar
b*t
23
我心中立刻得瑟了几秒,哈哈

【在 s******r 的大作中提到】
: 啥叫p档?啥叫iso?shy
avatar
q*u
24
p=programmed,就是电脑帮你配光圈快门组合。
iso=感光度,同样曝光条件下,iso值越高照片越亮。代价是iso越高照片颗粒越大,噪
点越多。

【在 s******r 的大作中提到】
: 啥叫p档?啥叫iso?shy
avatar
x*u
25
iso = is shuiniur out?

【在 s******r 的大作中提到】
: 啥叫p档?啥叫iso?shy
avatar
C*y
26
没问题啊

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 阿太好啦,那以后有什么问题直接问你就成!
avatar
B*t
27
哈哈哈哈哈

【在 x********u 的大作中提到】
: iso = is shuiniur out?
avatar
j*n
28
解释的很好,表扬

【在 x********u 的大作中提到】
: iso = is shuiniur out?
avatar
x*u
29
thank you !

【在 j*****n 的大作中提到】
: 解释的很好,表扬
avatar
C*y
30
哈哈哈

【在 x********u 的大作中提到】
: iso = is shuiniur out?
avatar
C*y
31
这个p模式我一直没搞明白,和自动有啥区别?是不是可以控制iso和闪光灯?

【在 q**u 的大作中提到】
: p=programmed,就是电脑帮你配光圈快门组合。
: iso=感光度,同样曝光条件下,iso值越高照片越亮。代价是iso越高照片颗粒越大,噪
: 点越多。

avatar
p*f
32
那 p 与 auto 有啥区别呢?

【在 q**u 的大作中提到】
: p=programmed,就是电脑帮你配光圈快门组合。
: iso=感光度,同样曝光条件下,iso值越高照片越亮。代价是iso越高照片颗粒越大,噪
: 点越多。

avatar
q*u
33
用p档,如果你对曝光组合不满意,可以换。另外就是你可控的东西多些。

【在 C**********y 的大作中提到】
: 这个p模式我一直没搞明白,和自动有啥区别?是不是可以控制iso和闪光灯?
avatar
j*n
34
搬个板凳来听讲,常年AV追求恶俗背景虚化的人飘过。。。。

【在 C**********y 的大作中提到】
: 这个p模式我一直没搞明白,和自动有啥区别?是不是可以控制iso和闪光灯?
avatar
b*t
35
jianxun同学是谁啊,某人的马甲马?好像没怎么见过你
avatar
s*r
36
555

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: 我心中立刻得瑟了几秒,哈哈
avatar
s*r
37
抱着T大哭

【在 x********u 的大作中提到】
: iso = is shuiniur out?
avatar
s*r
38
坏人……

【在 j*****n 的大作中提到】
: 解释的很好,表扬
avatar
s*r
39
还是贩子好啊

【在 q**u 的大作中提到】
: p=programmed,就是电脑帮你配光圈快门组合。
: iso=感光度,同样曝光条件下,iso值越高照片越亮。代价是iso越高照片颗粒越大,噪
: 点越多。

avatar
s*r
40
肯定是!
最近还有个stressl还是啥的id肯定也是熟人的mj

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: jianxun同学是谁啊,某人的马甲马?好像没怎么见过你
avatar
C*y
41
感觉不如av方便啊,我回头继续研究说明书去

【在 q**u 的大作中提到】
: 用p档,如果你对曝光组合不满意,可以换。另外就是你可控的东西多些。
avatar
j*n
42
申明,主id,常年潜水。。。偶尔冒泡

【在 b***t 的大作中提到】
: jianxun同学是谁啊,某人的马甲马?好像没怎么见过你
avatar
z*e
43
AV/TV这么麻烦干吗,为什么不直接用M

或者买个外闪,防止虚了,450自带的闪光灯一般。

【在 j*****n 的大作中提到】
: 天天绵绵淘气的时候就用TV模式拍,安静得时候就用AV模式拍,室内保证光线充足,或
: 者买个外闪,防止虚了,450自带的闪光灯一般。
: ps你家是白的,所以没有chaiyu拍T的烦恼,哈哈

avatar
z*e
44
lol!

【在 c*******u 的大作中提到】
: 这相机这么执着啊,不闪还跳出来干什么
:
: 。。。

avatar
d*g
45
爱好一样的人从背景虚化的飘过

【在 j*****n 的大作中提到】
: 搬个板凳来听讲,常年AV追求恶俗背景虚化的人飘过。。。。
avatar
i*f
46
握手握手~~~

【在 C**********y 的大作中提到】
: 不用自动模式,闪光可以自己控制。
: 我比较喜欢AV模式。

avatar
s*r
47
啥是M?

【在 z*****e 的大作中提到】
: AV/TV这么麻烦干吗,为什么不直接用M
:
: 或者买个外闪,防止虚了,450自带的闪光灯一般。

avatar
p*f
48
Manual
BSO技术好

【在 s******r 的大作中提到】
: 啥是M?
avatar
s*r
49
哈哈哈
我的相机封存半年没动了

【在 p********f 的大作中提到】
: Manual
: BSO技术好

avatar
t*i
50
我也喜欢用av模式,可以自己调解光亮。
相关阅读
logo
联系我们隐私协议©2024 redian.news
Redian新闻
Redian.news刊载任何文章,不代表同意其说法或描述,仅为提供更多信息,也不构成任何建议。文章信息的合法性及真实性由其作者负责,与Redian.news及其运营公司无关。欢迎投稿,如发现稿件侵权,或作者不愿在本网发表文章,请版权拥有者通知本网处理。