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2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
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2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine# Biology - 生物学
m*l
1
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fakaoti08 (fakati08) 于 (Fri Nov 18 23:57:56 2011, 美东) 提到:
http://cbo.gov/ftpdocs/125xx/doc12561/hr3012.pdf
估计下面距离实际的Report应该不远了。
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mobydick (白鲸) 于 (Sat Nov 19 00:18:57 2011, 美东) 提到:
This estimate of "no significant budgetary impact" is good for 3012 to pass.
But check this out, the Senate form of 3012:
QUICK TAKE: Coons, Rubio Hope AGREE Act Will Gain Support
By Sara Sorcher
Updated: November 16, 2011 | 9:50 a.m.
November 16, 2011 | 8:50 a.m.
CORRECTION: An earlier version of this article misstated the amount of money
the bill could give to small businesses. It is $85 billion.
Amid deep disagreements in Congress over jobs legislation, freshman Sens.
Chris Coons, D-Del., and Marco Rubio, R-Fla., are offering a bipartisan jobs
bill in hopes of finding something both parties can agree on in the near
future.
The aptly named AGREE (American Growth, Recovery, Empowerment, and
Entrepreneurship) Act includes ideas from lawmakers on both sides of the
aisle and from President Obama compiled into one piece of legislation. The
more modest, bipartisan proposal is specifically geared toward, well,
passing. "We can't sit around for another 12 months and bicker," Rubio said
on Wednesday on MSNBC's Morning Joe.
"We've got to get some progress done."
"There are significant issues between our parties. That's why we have
elections, and hopefully a debate, over the next year on those issues. There
are things we agree on, hence the title of the bill," Rubio said. "Let's
have an election about the thing we don't agree on, but we can't sit around
for another 12 months and bicker. We've got to get some progress done."
The bill should put as much as $85 billion in the hands of small businesses,
the senators said. According to CNN, the AGREE legislation includes
provisions to help veterans start businesses and to encourage manufacturers
to hire American workers.
Coons said one provision to reform the tax code that Republicans and
Democrats could agree on is reform of the research and development tax
credit, which is weeks away from expiring and has already been extended
multiple times.
"By some estimates, making it permanent would create hundreds of thousands
of jobs," Coons said. "Certainty about the availability of a tax benefit is
one of the major barriers to companies investing in R&D.... This bill
includes a proposal that would encourage companies who invent things here to
make them here by giving them an expanded credit."
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MUYU (MUYU) 于 (Sat Nov 19 00:28:57 2011, 美东) 提到:
This budget report sounds very positive!
★ Sent from iPhone App: iReader Mitbbs Lite 7.28
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linkfox (dlp) 于 (Sat Nov 19 02:51:19 2011, 美东) 提到:
sounds good.

pass.
money
jobs
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fakaoti08 (fakati08) 于 (Sat Nov 19 11:32:14 2011, 美东) 提到:
It is difficult to assess the impact of this AGREE bill on the passage of HR
3012.
pass.
money
jobs
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Norwooder (Norwooder) 于 (Sat Nov 19 19:52:38 2011, 美东) 提到:
Positive results... not really care about the AGREE, as long as 3012 passes,
we are all set.
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fakaoti08 (fakati08) 于 (Sat Nov 19 20:28:23 2011, 美东) 提到:
就怕这两个急于扬名立万的年轻参议员,为了自己的AGREE Act通过,而不惜阻挡HR
3012的单独通过。这样的事情太多了。
而且我能从电视台的访谈中看出来,AGREE的那个共和党的参议员根本不知道HR 3012是
干啥的。很明显,他把HR 3012放进来,就是为了为了给AGREE增加更多的支持票。
passes,
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SinoGator (毛人弟弟) 于 (Mon Nov 21 09:12:08 2011, 美东) 提到:
HR3012 上周五又多了三个联署议员:
Carolyn Maloney - D-NY
James Moran - D-VA
Jeff Flake - R-AZ
共有12个议员名字了
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Norwooder (Norwooder) 于 (Mon Nov 21 09:23:22 2011, 美东) 提到:
It's accumulating momentum ...
Hope it get through House in this year at least.
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alexx (panda in love~八胖~饲羊员~水木十年) 于 (Mon Nov 21 09:25:55 2011, 美东) 提到:
hehe
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g*u
2
没有胡歌在这两部戏 ,他俩还是一样的演 但是 不会红
还带感谢下小弟弟 胡歌啊
近东大帅哥搞了这么多年 才算 红一下
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O*e
3
Press Release
2012-10-08
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has today decided to award
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012
jointly to
John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka
for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed
to become pluripotent
Summary
The Nobel Prize recognizes two scientists who discovered that mature, specia
lised cells can be reprogrammed to become immature cells capable of developi
ng into all tissues of the body. Their findings have revolutionised our unde
rstanding of how cells and organisms develop.
John B. Gurdon discovered in 1962 that the specialisation of cells is revers
ible. In a classic experiment, he replaced the immature cell nucleus in an e
gg cell of a frog with the nucleus from a mature intestinal cell. This modif
ied egg cell developed into a normal tadpole. The DNA of the mature cell sti
ll had all the information needed to develop all cells in the frog.
Shinya Yamanaka discovered more than 40 years later, in 2006, how intact mat
ure cells in mice could be reprogrammed to become immature stem cells. Surpr
isingly, by introducing only a few genes, he could reprogram mature cells to
become pluripotent stem cells, i.e. immature cells that are able to develop
into all types of cells in the body.
These groundbreaking discoveries have completely changed our view of the dev
elopment and cellular specialisation. We now understand that the mature cell
does not have to be confined forever to its specialised state. Textbooks ha
ve been rewritten and new research fields have been established. By reprogra
mming human cells, scientists have created new opportunities to study diseas
es and develop methods for diagnosis and therapy.
Life a journey towards increasing specialisation
All of us developed from fertilized egg cells. During the first days after c
onception, the embryo consists of immature cells, each of which is capable o
f developing into all the cell types that form the adult organism. Such cell
s are called pluripotent stem cells. With further development of the embryo,
these cells give rise to nerve cells, muscle cells, liver cells and all oth
er cell types - each of them specialised to carry out a specific task in the
adult body. This journey from immature to specialised cell was previously c
onsidered to be unidirectional. It was thought that the cell changes in such
a way during maturation that it would no longer be possible for it to retur
n to an immature, pluripotent stage.
Frogs jump backwards in development
John B. Gurdon challenged the dogma that the specialised cell is irreversibl
y committed to its fate. He hypothesised that its genome might still contain
all the information needed to drive its development into all the different
cell types of an organism. In 1962, he tested this hypothesis by replacing t
he cell nucleus of a frog's egg cell with a nucleus from a mature, specialis
ed cell derived from the intestine of a tadpole. The egg developed into a fu
lly functional, cloned tadpole and subsequent repeats of the experiment yiel
ded adult frogs. The nucleus of the mature cell had not lost its capacity to
drive development to a fully functional organism.
Gurdon's landmark discovery was initially met with scepticism but became acc
epted when it had been confirmed by other scientists. It initiated intense r
esearch and the technique was further developed, leading eventually to the c
loning of mammals. Gurdon's research taught us that the nucleus of a mature,
specialized cell can be returned to an immature, pluripotent state. But his
experiment involved the removal of cell nuclei with pipettes followed by th
eir introduction into other cells. Would it ever be possible to turn an inta
ct cell back into a pluripotent stem cell?
A roundtrip journey mature cells return to a stem cell state
Shinya Yamanaka was able to answer this question in a scientific breakthroug
h more than 40 years after Gurdon磗 discovery. His research concerned embryo
nal stem cells, i.e. pluripotent stem cells that are isolated from the embry
o and cultured in the laboratory. Such stem cells were initially isolated fr
om mice by Martin Evans (Nobel Prize 2007) and Yamanaka tried to find the ge
nes that kept them immature. When several of these genes had been identified
, he tested whether any of them could reprogram mature cells to become pluri
potent stem cells.
Yamanaka and his co-workers introduced these genes, in different combination
s, into mature cells from connective tissue, fibroblasts, and examined the r
esults under the microscope. They finally found a combination that worked, a
nd the recipe was surprisingly simple. By introducing four genes together, t
hey could reprogram their fibroblasts into immature stem cells!
The resulting induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) could develop into
mature cell types such as fibroblasts, nerve cells and gut cells. The discov
ery that intact, mature cells could be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem ce
lls was published in 2006 and was immediately considered a major breakthroug
h.
From surprising discovery to medical use
The discoveries of Gurdon and Yamanaka have shown that specialised cells can
turn back the developmental clock under certain circumstances. Although the
ir genome undergoes modifications during development, these modifications ar
e not irreversible. We have obtained a new view of the development of cells
and organisms.
Research during recent years has shown that iPS cells can give rise to all t
he different cell types of the body. These discoveries have also provided ne
w tools for scientists around the world and led to remarkable progress in ma
ny areas of medicine. iPS cells can also be prepared from human cells.
For instance, skin cells can be obtained from patients with various diseases
, reprogrammed, and examined in the laboratory to determine how they differ
from cells of healthy individuals. Such cells constitute invaluable tools fo
r understanding disease mechanisms and so provide new opportunities to devel
op medical therapies.
Sir John B. Gurdon was born in 1933 in Dippenhall, UK. He received his Docto
rate from the University of Oxford in 1960 and was a postdoctoral fellow at
California Institute of Technology. He joined Cambridge University, UK, in 1
972 and has served as Professor of Cell Biology and Master of Magdalene Coll
ege. Gurdon is currently at the Gurdon Institute in Cambridge.
Shinya Yamanaka was born in Osaka, Japan in 1962. He obtained his MD in 1987
at Kobe University and trained as an orthopaedic surgeon before switching t
o basic research. Yamanaka received his PhD at Osaka City University in 1993
, after which he worked at the Gladstone Institute in San Francisco and Nara
Institute of Science and Technology in Japan. Yamanaka is currently Profess
or at Kyoto University and also affiliated with the Gladstone Institute.
Key publications:
Gurdon, J.B. (1962). The developmental capacity of nuclei taken from intesti
nal epithelium cells of feeding tadpoles. Journal of Embryology and Experime
ntal Morphology 10:622-640.
Takahashi, K., Yamanaka, S. (2006). Induction of pluripotent stem cells from
mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 126:
663-676.
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j*n
4
是啊,一是胡歌,一是湖南卫视,这机会确实是赶巧了,不过靳东之前演闯关东的时候就很吸睛了,无奈出来太少。。

【在 g*******u 的大作中提到】
: 没有胡歌在这两部戏 ,他俩还是一样的演 但是 不会红
: 还带感谢下小弟弟 胡歌啊
: 近东大帅哥搞了这么多年 才算 红一下

avatar
b*e
5
如果湖南卫视是因为胡歌才买下的这部剧,那就需要感谢胡歌。同时胡歌也要感谢靳东
和王凯。因为如果没有伪装者在前,没有靳东和王凯在伪装者里的表演,没那么多人会
去看琅琊榜
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c*d
6
靳东的表演是最喜欢的,不是很喜欢胡歌和王凯的表演,感觉不自然

----
☆ 买买提 For Windows 10 -- ☆ 大本出品 ☆

【在 b******e 的大作中提到】
: 如果湖南卫视是因为胡歌才买下的这部剧,那就需要感谢胡歌。同时胡歌也要感谢靳东
: 和王凯。因为如果没有伪装者在前,没有靳东和王凯在伪装者里的表演,没那么多人会
: 去看琅琊榜

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w*t
7
确实,如果没有胡歌,我也不会这么追。其实我之前对胡歌完全没有感觉,但好奇他的
琅琊榜。
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g*r
8
kkw够呛,现在已经开始到处走穴捞快钱了
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y*n
9
really?
觉得他应该是可以耐得住的啊
再沉淀沉淀,肯定会大红大紫啊

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: kkw够呛,现在已经开始到处走穴捞快钱了
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o*e
10
我也能感觉到他的浮躁

【在 y****n 的大作中提到】
: really?
: 觉得他应该是可以耐得住的啊
: 再沉淀沉淀,肯定会大红大紫啊

avatar
g*r
11
因为我在网上看到他走穴的消息了,唯一不能确定的是他是一时需要还人情还是已经开
始捞快钱了,再观察一阵就知道结果了。不过说他片酬已经涨了十多倍,是琅琊榜和伪
装者最受益的演员。他的经济人也已经被别人诟病了,显得急不可耐的样子,到处钻。

【在 y****n 的大作中提到】
: really?
: 觉得他应该是可以耐得住的啊
: 再沉淀沉淀,肯定会大红大紫啊

avatar
d*m
12
谣言就是这么来的 请麻烦定义一下什么叫走穴 如果上两个芒果台的综艺给宝格丽站下
台参加几次时尚活动叫走穴 那这个签证就没有不走穴的吧 另外这些活动真没啥钱
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x*8
13
赚几个也没啥不可以的,都委屈了那么多年了,

【在 d******m 的大作中提到】
: 谣言就是这么来的 请麻烦定义一下什么叫走穴 如果上两个芒果台的综艺给宝格丽站下
: 台参加几次时尚活动叫走穴 那这个签证就没有不走穴的吧 另外这些活动真没啥钱

avatar
x*8
14
就算是捞快钱也没啥不可以的,不是guilt,
好歹是凭自己赚来的,委屈这么多年了,再不抓紧,就老了,

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: 因为我在网上看到他走穴的消息了,唯一不能确定的是他是一时需要还人情还是已经开
: 始捞快钱了,再观察一阵就知道结果了。不过说他片酬已经涨了十多倍,是琅琊榜和伪
: 装者最受益的演员。他的经济人也已经被别人诟病了,显得急不可耐的样子,到处钻。

avatar
g*r
15
就是和一堆歌星明星拼盘,到某个地方商演,您老看来算不算走穴?我国内一朋友看了
,您老就当谣言吧

【在 d******m 的大作中提到】
: 谣言就是这么来的 请麻烦定义一下什么叫走穴 如果上两个芒果台的综艺给宝格丽站下
: 台参加几次时尚活动叫走穴 那这个签证就没有不走穴的吧 另外这些活动真没啥钱

avatar
y*n
16
男人的演艺生命漫长的
都熬这么多年了,再沉淀沉淀
不亏啊
否则也就是2,3年光景,就消失了
脸和脑子有时候不成正比的

【在 x**8 的大作中提到】
: 就算是捞快钱也没啥不可以的,不是guilt,
: 好歹是凭自己赚来的,委屈这么多年了,再不抓紧,就老了,

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m*x
17
这么多迷妹,不会一张照片都没有吧

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: 就是和一堆歌星明星拼盘,到某个地方商演,您老看来算不算走穴?我国内一朋友看了
: ,您老就当谣言吧

avatar
g*r
18
我对他完全不关注,是朋友说看了一场拼盘演出,有kkw和xxx,xx之类的,“可惜没胡
歌”(朋友原话)
。我对kkw不关心到都没问照片的事,只是觉得有点low。如果胡歌一档的明星,我可能
会有兴趣问问表演了啥节目,照片之类的

【在 m**x 的大作中提到】
: 这么多迷妹,不会一张照片都没有吧
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e*e
19
是啊,从访谈什么的都能感觉出那种终于红了的傲娇,可不得得瑟得瑟,只要别挥霍无
度,也都是可以理解的

【在 x**8 的大作中提到】
: 赚几个也没啥不可以的,都委屈了那么多年了,
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m*x
20
我不是问你照片的事,我是说网上如果连张照片都没有,那你朋友的话有点假

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: 我对他完全不关注,是朋友说看了一场拼盘演出,有kkw和xxx,xx之类的,“可惜没胡
: 歌”(朋友原话)
: 。我对kkw不关心到都没问照片的事,只是觉得有点low。如果胡歌一档的明星,我可能
: 会有兴趣问问表演了啥节目,照片之类的

avatar
d*m
21
呵呵 您朋友看的是双十一晚会吧 能和craig 马云一起走穴 也不错啊 可惜也是没啥钱
啊 难道您朋友看见马云后台给发钱了?
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d*m
22
完全没根据的事张嘴就来 麻烦下次黑人前多做点功课
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g*r
23
我干嘛黑他?我对他没特别的好恶。您怎么就知道没照片?您是kkw的粉,每天刷网来
着?只不过讲我听到的,你不爱听就不听,可别随便扣帽子,您以为您是广电总局还是
红卫兵呢?还不让人说话。我还觉得您张嘴就来,是在黑我呢。
我朋友她们去的是商业活动,不是大型演出,几个明星来几分钟表演个节目拿大把钞票
走人的那种,具体不想说太多。我朋友就感叹“可惜没胡歌”,然后也没太当回事。怎
么就刺激着您老了?其实我听到还怀疑也许是人情债呢,不见得是他自己不自爱。
最近这里的人都太玻璃心了,是不是因为琅琊榜,出来好多从没粉过任何明星的新粉,
脆弱的跟纸糊的似的

【在 d******m 的大作中提到】
: 完全没根据的事张嘴就来 麻烦下次黑人前多做点功课
avatar
d*m
24
谁敢不让您说话啊?说你黑还真没冤枉你。
你自己看看你自己说的
先是说他“到处走穴”捞块钱, 别人说不至于这么沉不住气吧,你回复你“网上”看
到的
再接着有人问迷妹这么多不至于没照片流出吧,你又改成是你“朋友”看到的“一场“
商演了
以后麻烦您先自己想好怎么说好不好?不要一会儿到处一会儿一场,一会儿网上看到一
会儿又变成是您的朋友了
发信人: goldensummer (金色夏天), 信区: TVChinese
标 题: Re: 近东王凯其实还是要感谢 胡歌
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Nov 16 10:58:48 2015, 美东)
kkw够呛,现在已经开始到处走穴捞快钱了
发信人: goldensummer (金色夏天), 信区: TVChinese
标 题: Re: 近东王凯其实还是要感谢 胡歌
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Nov 16 13:34:27 2015, 美东)
因为我在网上看到他走穴的消息了,
发信人: goldensummer (金色夏天), 信区: TVChinese
标 题: Re: 近东王凯其实还是要感谢 胡歌
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Nov 16 20:37:49 2015, 美东)
我对他完全不关注,是朋友说看了一场拼盘演出,有kkw和xxx,xx之类的,“可惜没胡
歌”(朋友原话)
。我对kkw不关心到都没问照片的事,只是觉得有点low。如果胡歌一档的明星,我可能
会有兴趣问问表演了啥节目,照片之类的

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: 我干嘛黑他?我对他没特别的好恶。您怎么就知道没照片?您是kkw的粉,每天刷网来
: 着?只不过讲我听到的,你不爱听就不听,可别随便扣帽子,您以为您是广电总局还是
: 红卫兵呢?还不让人说话。我还觉得您张嘴就来,是在黑我呢。
: 我朋友她们去的是商业活动,不是大型演出,几个明星来几分钟表演个节目拿大把钞票
: 走人的那种,具体不想说太多。我朋友就感叹“可惜没胡歌”,然后也没太当回事。怎
: 么就刺激着您老了?其实我听到还怀疑也许是人情债呢,不见得是他自己不自爱。
: 最近这里的人都太玻璃心了,是不是因为琅琊榜,出来好多从没粉过任何明星的新粉,
: 脆弱的跟纸糊的似的

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g*r
25
网上的一个朋友,好多年了,曾经都在一个论坛里混,聚会见过一次,共同爱好很多,
后来在别的坛子又遇上了。之后一个国内一个国外了,都是网上交流。我觉得她算朋友
,你说是个啥,不是朋友?比起你,我还更信她。本来对kkw觉得没啥恶感,但现在kkw
粉简直就是逼着大家讨厌这个人。是不是还得找她要到照片摔你脸上才行?不过想想要
了,你也不会认不是?
我也是有病,干嘛跟你说这么多隐私

【在 d******m 的大作中提到】
: 谁敢不让您说话啊?说你黑还真没冤枉你。
: 你自己看看你自己说的
: 先是说他“到处走穴”捞块钱, 别人说不至于这么沉不住气吧,你回复你“网上”看
: 到的
: 再接着有人问迷妹这么多不至于没照片流出吧,你又改成是你“朋友”看到的“一场“
: 商演了
: 以后麻烦您先自己想好怎么说好不好?不要一会儿到处一会儿一场,一会儿网上看到一
: 会儿又变成是您的朋友了
: 发信人: goldensummer (金色夏天), 信区: TVChinese
: 标 题: Re: 近东王凯其实还是要感谢 胡歌

avatar
m*x
26
实力同意最后一句

kkw

【在 g**********r 的大作中提到】
: 网上的一个朋友,好多年了,曾经都在一个论坛里混,聚会见过一次,共同爱好很多,
: 后来在别的坛子又遇上了。之后一个国内一个国外了,都是网上交流。我觉得她算朋友
: ,你说是个啥,不是朋友?比起你,我还更信她。本来对kkw觉得没啥恶感,但现在kkw
: 粉简直就是逼着大家讨厌这个人。是不是还得找她要到照片摔你脸上才行?不过想想要
: 了,你也不会认不是?
: 我也是有病,干嘛跟你说这么多隐私

avatar
r*d
27
附议

【在 m**x 的大作中提到】
: 实力同意最后一句
:
: kkw

avatar
g*r
28
朕也深以为然:P 所以作为总结发言。吃药去喽

【在 r*******d 的大作中提到】
: 附议
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