In this question, it seems "random access" means O(1) access given the index
of the item (consecutive numbers assigned to each item, from 0 to N-1).
Hash table is an array of pairs between hash values and content. If you know
either (1) the hash value of your item, or (2) a "replica item" from which
you can recalculate the hash value, then you can access that item in O(1).
But a Hash table (a basic one) doesn't assign any item index to items, nor
does it remember it.
Thinking of them as maps with different properties. Map as a concept is very
general and widely applicable to almost all containers.