免疫检查点抑制剂是把“双刃剑”,可治病,也可致病?心血管损伤的防治策略看这里→
自2011年美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)批准首个免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICIs)上市以来[1,2],ICIs作为抗肿瘤治疗领域的“新星”,以其良好的抗肿瘤功效,受到医生朋友们的广泛关注。
近十余年间,ICIs已被批准应用于黑色素瘤、经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、尿路上皮癌和结直肠癌等瘤种的治疗[3,4],ICIs的出现使上述患者的生存结局得到一定程度的改善。
然而,随着ICIs被越来越多地应用于肿瘤患者的治疗,与之相关的心血管损伤事件也日渐增多。既往数据显示,在接受ICIs治疗的肿瘤患者中,心肌炎的患病率虽为1.14%[5],但其病死率却高达46%[6]!除此之外,心律失常、心包炎、心力衰竭和急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)等ICIs相关心血管损伤也时有发生[7,8]。ICIs就如同一把“双刃剑”,在治病的同时,却也可以致病!
如何更好地防治ICIs相关心血管损伤?请点击下图进入医脉通的诊疗知识库产品——《医知源疾病知识库》,由首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院心血管中心周力医生撰写的免疫检查点抑制剂相关性心血管损伤疾病知识,全面展示了免疫检查点抑制剂相关性心血管损伤的预防和治疗,除此之外,该词条还涉及病因、流行病学、发生机制、筛查流程、诊治流程、诊断标准和辅助检查。
参考文献
[1] Julianne D Twomey, Baolin Zhang. Cancer Immunotherapy Update: FDA-Approved Checkpoint Inhibitors and Companion Diagnostics[J]. AAPS J, 2021, 23(2): 39.
[2] F Stephen Hodi, Steven J O'Day, David F McDermott, et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 363(8): 711-723.
[3] PostowMA, SidlowR, HellmannMD. Immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade[J]. N Engl J Med, 2018, 378(2): 158-168.
[4] 国家药品监督管理局. 首个国产PD-1抗体药物特瑞普利单抗注射液获批上市[EB/OL]. (2018-12-17)[2022-12-08]. https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/directory/web/nmpa/zhuanti/ypqxgg/gggzjzh/20181217161101989.html.
[5] MahmoodSS, FradleyMG, CohenJV, et al. Myocarditis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2018, 71(16): 1755-1764.
[6] MoslehiJJ, SalemJE, SosmanJA, et al. Increased reporting of fatal immune checkpoint inhibitor-associatedmyocarditis[J]. Lancet, 2018, 391(10124): 933.
[7] John A. Thompson, Bryan J. Schneider, Julie Brahmer, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: management of immunotherapy-related toxicities, version 1.2020[J]. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2020, 18(3): 230-241.
[8] FerreiraM, PichonE, CarmierD, et al. Coronary toxicities of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapies: a case report and review of the literature and international registries[J]. Target Oncol, 2018, 13(4): 509-515.
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