杨紫琼：悬崖之上，铿锵玫瑰毅然绽放 | 纽约时报

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Michelle Yeoh: I Know Something About Perseverance, but Not Like the Women on the Front Lines of Crisis

杨紫琼：悬崖之上 铿锵玫瑰毅然绽放

By Michelle Yeoh

作者：杨紫琼

Over the past few weeks, many people around the world joined me in celebrating my career firsts — from winning my first Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild Award and Independent Spirit Award to earning my first Oscar (for actress in a leading role). While I am grateful for this unforgettable moment in my professional life, I want to redirect that global spotlight to an issue that is very personal to me and warrants the world’s attention.

过去几周，世界各地的朋友与我分享喜悦，一同庆祝我演绎生涯的许多“第一次”——第一次获金球奖、美国演员工会奖、独立精神奖，以及我的第一座奥斯卡金像奖（奖项为最佳女主角）。这是我职业生涯中难以忘怀的时刻，我将心怀感恩。但同时，我也希望大家把目光转向对我个人而言意义重大并且值得大家关注的一项议题。

My life changed eight years ago when one moment shook my outlook on the world.

八年前，我的世界观在一瞬间受到震撼，我的人生从此改变。

It was April 25, 2015, and I was in Nepal with my partner, Jean Todt, visiting local organizations. Suddenly, I felt the earth begin to tremble violently. Outside the doors of the low-rise building I was in, a deadly earthquake ravaged the country. I’ve never felt the type of fear and panic I felt that day, when the ground beneath me shook so powerfully, I couldn’t stand on my feet. I had to crawl to try to make it to the door to escape. When we emerged, we had to stay outside for hours, unsure which buildings were strong enough or safe enough to return to.

那是2015年4月25日，我和男友让·托德（Jean Todt）正在尼泊尔访问当地组织。突然，我感到大地开始剧烈颤抖。一场致命的地震席卷了整个国家，而我当时正位于一栋低层建筑内。脚下的地板剧烈晃动，我甚至无法站立，一股前所有未的恐惧和惊慌袭上心头。最后，我只能趴下，努力试着爬到门口逃生。逃出门后，我们不得不在室外逗留数个小时，因为不确定哪些建筑足够安全让我们返回。

I was fortunate to make it through that day unscathed, but not untouched. The experience was terrifying. Its effects linger with me still. Our hotel was damaged during the earthquake and was no longer safe to enter, so we made our way straight to the airport, where we spent two nights before being evacuated by plane. As we got on the road, I saw the ruins and destruction all around me. I couldn’t shake the thought of how unfair it was that I had a home to go to, unlike the thousands of families whose entire lives were suddenly reduced to rubble.

我很幸运，虽然有惊无险，但还是心有余悸。那场经历如梦魇一般，至今仍令我后怕不已。我们当时住的酒店遭到损坏，进入已经不安全了。于是我们直接前往机场，在那住了两晚，最后乘飞机撤离。离开途中，满目疮痍。一个念头在我脑中挥之不去：我尚有家可归，而成千上万个家庭，整个生活顷刻间沦为废墟，世道如此不公。

Disasters of such magnitude cause irreparable damage to the lives of those who already have so little. I witnessed this when I returned to Nepal to help with relief efforts three weeks after the earthquake and then again a year later, when I returned as a goodwill ambassador for the United Nations Development Program.

地震发生三周后，我回到尼泊尔帮助救灾。亲眼目睹，如此严重的灾难给那些本就生活窘困的人们造成了无法弥补的损失。一年之后，我作为联合国开发计划署亲善大使重返尼泊尔。在那里，我再次见证了这样的悲剧。

I thought again of Nepal when I watched the coverage of the devastating earthquake that hit Turkey and Syria last month. Even before the earthquake struck, the socioeconomic conditions in Syria were dire, with approximately 90 percent of the population living in poverty and millions in need of humanitarian assistance. Many are now homeless and lack the means to rebuild their lives or keep their families safe.

上个月，看到土耳其和叙利亚遭受严重地震的新闻，我不禁又想起尼泊尔。叙利亚经济社会状况在震前就已陷入极度困境，全国约90%的人口生活在贫困之中，数百万人需要人道主义援助。现如今，许多人无家可归，无力重建生活，保障家人安全。

Crises aren’t just moments of catastrophe: They expose deep existing inequalities. Those living in poverty, especially women and girls, bear the brunt. In the immediate aftermath of a disaster, lack of sanitation, health facilities and safety disproportionately affect women. In my time as a goodwill ambassador, I have seen up close how women and girls are often the last to go back to school and the last to get basic services like clean water, vaccines, identity cards and counseling. They are typically the last to get jobs and loans.

危机不仅仅只是灾难时刻，更是揭露了深层次的不平等问题。贫困人口，尤其是妇女和女童，面对危机时总是首当其冲。灾难发生后，缺乏卫生设施、医疗设施和安全对女性的影响尤为严重。在我担任亲善大使期间，我近距离看到妇女和女童最后才回到学校，也最后获得如干净用水、疫苗、身份证和心理疏导等基本服务，也往往是最后获得就业和贷款的。

In Syria the United Nations anticipates some 40,000 women will give birth in the coming months without access to sanitary conditions. When women have to sleep out in the open — often the case when buildings have collapsed or are unsafe — or in group shelters without adequate privacy or protection, they are at increased risk of sexual violence and assault, which skyrocket in the aftermath of a disaster.

联合国预计在未来几月中，叙利亚约有4万名女性将在卫生条件不佳的情况下分娩。女性不得不露宿户外——有的建筑物已经轰然倒塌，有的危险系数极高——或是睡在集体庇护所中，毫无隐私或保护可言，她们因而要面临更高的性暴力与性侵风险，灾难发生后相关案件的数量往往会出现激增。

Women must also play leadership roles in the recovery process. But women are woefully underrepresented in the decision making that affects their prospects of survival in times of crisis. This gap has a dangerous effect: Studies have shown that women are hit hardest in disasters. Women and girls are often at a disadvantage when it comes to rescue efforts, and women are more likely than men to suffer from hunger.

女性必须在灾后重建中起到领导作用。一些决策影响着她们在危急时刻的生存机会。但不幸的是，在决策层面，女性只占据少数席位。这一性别差距带来严重影响：研究表明，受灾难打击最大的是女性。在救援工作方面，妇女与女童往往处于劣势地位，并且女性比男性更有可能遭受饥饿。

We know women sustain their communities. Their voices, leadership and full participation are key to an inclusive, successful and sustainable recovery. This means considering women’s needs, priorities and safety when rebuilding neighborhoods and constructing schools and marketplaces. It means ensuring women have equal access to information, job opportunities and skills training, as well as loans and insurance mechanisms, which are all crucial to regain financial stability.

我们知道，妇女撑起了半边天。她们的发声、领导和充分参与对于实现一个具有包容性的、成功且可持续的社区重建至关重要。这意味着重建社区、建造学校和集市要考虑女性的需求、优先事项和安全，意味着能确保女性能够平等地获得信息、工作机会和技能培训，以及贷款和保险，而如此种种皆是重新稳定生计的关键。

We know having more women in positions of power and as decision makers at community, national and institutional levels leads to more inclusive policies, laws and practices that protect and contribute to gender equality at all levels. It means striving for zero tolerance for gender-based violence at home, at work, online or anywhere else. And it also means investing in women’s education to ensure their voices are represented at the highest levels of government and society.

我们知道，让更多女性在社区、国家和机构各级担任权力职位和决策者，将带来更多包容性，无论是从政策、法律还是执行的各个层面上，都更有利于保护和促进性别平等。这意味着争取对家庭、工作、网络或其他任何地方的性别暴力零容忍；也意味着投资妇女教育，以确保她们的声音在政府和社会的高层被听见。

We live in a world plagued by recurrent pandemic, war and disaster and are struggling with climate change. It can feel insurmountable. But we also live during a time of incredible technological advancements. Information and communication technologies are our most powerful allies in battling these crises. Technology keeps essential social services running, improves crisis response, strengthens communities and boosts economic recovery.

我们生活的世界多灾多难，流行病、战争和灾难频发，我们正与气候变化作斗争。这可能会让人感到绝望。但我们同时也生活在一个技术日新月异的时代。信息和通信技术是我们与这些危机斗争的最强有力的盟友。技术赋能核心社会服务，改善了危机应对方式，加强了社区建设，也促进了经济的复苏。

And yet the digital world is also a place of inequality. Globally, 2.7 billion people are excluded from digital connectivity, more of them women. As a result, according to the World Bank, women face barriers in getting access to information and resources in all spheres of their lives, including how to adequately prepare for, respond to and cope with a disaster.

然而，数字世界也并非公平之地。在全球范围内，有27亿人无法通过互联网接入数字世界，其中多数是女性。世界银行的数据显示，这导致妇女在获得生活相关的信息和资源方面面临困难，这其中就包括如何充分备灾、应对和处理灾难。

Reducing the digital divide is critical in changing deeply ingrained gender social norms and ensuring that women’s voices and leadership are embedded at the highest levels before, during and after a disaster. Furthermore, we must make measurable investments in women’s education that promote digital literacy and STEM fields.

想要去改变根深蒂固的性别社会规范，确保女性的声音以及领导力在灾前、灾中和灾后都能被纳入最高层，缩小两性数字鸿沟至关重要。此外，我们必须加大对女性教育的投资，帮助更多的女性提升数字素养，以及进入STEM领域。

This year we are halfway toward the 2030 target date to achieve what the United Nations calls Sustainable Development Goals, a blueprint for a shared global vision of a world without poverty or inequality. What I have learned through my work with U.N.D.P. is that realizing these global goals will be possible only if we achieve true gender equality, everywhere, and in all aspects of life — especially in times of crisis — and in anticipation of the next disaster.

今年是2023年，实施《2030年可持续发展议程》的时间已过半程，这是一个在世界范围内消除贫困和不平等的全球共同愿景蓝图。通过我在联合国开发计划署的工作中，我意识到，想要达到这些全球性的目标，我们必须实现真正的性别平等，将平等播撒在世界的每一个角落，播撒在生活的每一个方面，尤其是在面对危机（以及准备应对下一场危机）之时。

I’m 60 years old, and I just won my first Oscar. I know something about perseverance, and I am all too aware of what society expects of women. I’m also well aware that my experience can’t compare at all with that of the women heroes I met who are on the front lines of crises. But if I can do one thing with this moment of my professional joy, it would be to point the spotlight on those who all too often go unacknowledged, the women who are rebuilding their communities, taking care of children and older people and putting food on the table. Let’s make sure they are not missing from the room when decisions are being made that affect them the most.

60岁，我收获了自己的第一座奥斯卡。我深知坚持的意义，也深深明白社会对于女性的期许。和我见过的那些奋战在危机最前线的巾帼英雄们相比，我所做的微不足道。如果说有什么是此刻——在我尽享职业生涯高光时刻之时——能做的，我希望身上的聚光灯也能同样照亮那些长期隐没于幕后的无名英雄们：正是因为有了她们，家园得以重建，黄发垂髫有所依靠，免受饥荒之苦。我希望她们能被看见，她们的声音能被听到——时代中每一个微小的决策，都可能成为点亮她们一生的光芒。

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