交流障碍(Communication disorders)

交流障碍(Communication disorders)
1.表达性语言交流障碍( Expressive language disorder)

A. The scores obtained from standardized individually administered measures of expressive language development are substantially below those obtained from standardized measures of both nonverbal intellectural capacity and receptive language development. The disturbance may be manifest clinically by symptoms that include having a markedly limited vocabular, making errors in tense, or having difficulty recalling words or producing sentences with developmentally appropriate length or complexity.
表达性语言发育程度的测试水平(包括语言性和非语言性表达能力)显著低于平均水平.这种能力的缺陷在临床症状表现为明显的词汇贫乏,用错时态,难以寻找词汇,不能成句表达意思.

B. The difficulties with expressive language interfere with academic or occupational achievement or with social communication.
这种表达性语言障碍严重影响就学和就业,也影响社交.

C. Criteria are not met for mixed receptive-expressive language disorder or a pervasive developmental disorder.
这种障碍有别于语言表达和语言理解混合性障碍,也有别于整体性的发育障碍.

D. If mental retardation, a speech-moto or sensory deficit or a neurological condition is present, code the condition on Axis III.
如果有精神发育迟缓,控制语言的运动肌肉和感觉神经有缺陷,神经性缺陷等现象存在,则不属于这种障碍的诊断范围.