86天换了3位首相！踏入政坛仅7年，42岁的苏纳克从政坛新手，成功当选英国史上首位印度裔首相！（附视频&演讲稿）
几乎毫无悬念，这一次英国前财政大臣苏纳克（Rishi Sunak）在英国首相之争中稳操胜券。
10月24日，英国执政党保守党党魁竞选结果出炉：在英国议会下议院领袖莫当特退出竞选后，前财政大臣里希·苏纳克（Rishi Sunak）作为唯一一名候选人，自动当选英国保守党新党魁。这意味着苏纳克将接替上任仅45天便宣布辞职的特拉斯，成为新一任英国首相。他是过去86天内的第3位英国首相，也是英国历史上第一位亚裔以及印度裔首相。
苏纳克在保守党总部发表了自己当选后的首次演讲。在短短183个字的演讲中，苏纳克表示，在200名议员投票决定这个国家最高职位的命运后，他对获得议员们的提名感到“谦卑和荣幸”。苏纳克向前任首相特拉斯表达了感谢，称她在内外交困的情况下“有尊严地和优雅地”领导了英国，并承诺他将会把保守党和国家团结起来。
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I'd like to pay tribute to Liz Truss for her dedicated public service to the country. She has led with dignity and grace for a time of great change and under exceptionally difficult circumstances, both at home and abroad.
我想在此向莉兹·特拉斯表示敬意，感谢她为国家公共事业做出的奉献。她在国内外发生巨大的变革时期，在异常艰难的情况下，以高尚和优雅的姿态领导了我们整个国家。
I am humbled and honored to have the support of my parliamentary colleagues and to be elected as leader of the Conservative and Unionist Party. It is the greatest privilege of my life to be able to serve the party I love and give back to the country I owe so much to.
能得到议会同事的支持，并当选为保守党和工会党的领袖，我深感谦卑和荣幸。能够为我所爱的政党服务，回报我的国家，这是我一生中最大的荣幸。
The United Kingdom is a great country, but there is no doubt we face a profound economic challenge. We now need stability and unity and I will make it my utmost priority to bring our party and our country together.
英国是一个伟大的国家，但毫无疑问，我们面临着深刻的经济挑战。我们现在需要稳定和团结，我会把团结我们的党和国家作为我的首要任务。
Because that is the only way we will overcome the challenges we face and build a better more prosperous future for our children and our grandchildren.
因为只有这样，我们才能克服我们面临的挑战，为我们的子孙后代创建一个更美好，更繁荣的未来。
I pledge that I will serve you with integrity and humility. And I will work day in day out to deliver for the British people.
我承诺，将以正直和谦逊的态度为你们（保守党）服务，我将日复一日地工作，为英国人民服务。
出生于1980年的苏纳克，现年42岁。2015年首次当选议员、进入政界的苏纳克，在2020年被前首相约翰逊提拔为财政大臣，到2022年即将当选英国首相，前后只用了7年时间。今年42岁的苏纳克比英国前首相托尼·布莱尔和大卫·卡梅伦成为首相时都要年轻，这一切都是如何发生的？
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It is the greatest privilege of my life to be able to serve the party I love and give back to the country I owe so much to.
Who is Rishi soon? AC Britain's new prime minister.
I am resigning after Liz Truss is chaotic. Six weeks in charge.
We have made mistakes. Boris Johnson's aborted comeback mission and Penny Morgan's failure to secure enough Tory backers.
42 year old son AC is now at the helm of a country desperately in need of some stability. Let's take a look at how he got here.
That means honesty and responsibility, not fairytales.
Southampton born Tsunami is the UK's first prime minister of Indian descent.
His family migrated to Britain in the 19 sixties, a period when many people from Britain's former colonies moved to the country to help it rebuild after the Second World War.
Soon I attended the exclusive private school Winchester College, studied philosophy, politics and economics at Oxford University, and then got an M B A from Stanford University.
It was there he met his wife at Chateau Murti, whose father is Indian billionaire Narayan Murty, founder of I T services Giant Emphasis before entering politics Sulak worked as an analyst at Goldman Sachs and was later a partner at two hedge funds.
He is thought to be one of the richest members of parliament, and his wealth and private school background has come into focus during TV debates.
Soon I was elected to Parliament in 2015 and had a swift rise within the Conservative Party.
He campaigned for leave in the EU referendum by 2020 aged only 39.
Tsunami was named finance minister by Boris Johnson, delighted to be appointed not to get on with within weeks of becoming chancellor, soon found himself having to steer the U.
K economy As the Covid 19 pandemic began. I said I would do whatever it takes.
He pledged to do whatever it takes to help people through the pandemic and developed a popular furlough scheme to support millions of people through multiple lockdowns.
He was also behind the eat out to help out initiative to boost the struggling hospitality sector in summer 2020 that included waiting tables at a central London eatery.
In April 2020 to soon knock had to deal with the fallout of being fined by police for breaking lockdown rules in Downing Street in June 2020.
In that same month, he and his family's finances came under intense scrutiny.
It was revealed that his wife, who is an Indian citizen, had not been paying her British tax on her foreign income through her non domiciled status, the status is available to foreign nationals who do not see Britain as their permanent home.
She's always followed all the rules, paid all the tax in the UK that is due and pay tax internationally on her international investments.
But she recognises this goes beyond just following those rules.
The revelations hurt Tsunami ahead of his race against Liz.
Truss eventually resigned as chancellor in July 2022 a move that contributed to the downfall of Johnson as Tory leader and prime minister.
Vista baby during the race to replace his former boss, Tsunami lost out to trust in the last leadership contest.
While some choose to label the multimillionaire as out of touch, others believe tsunami is the person to bring some calm to the economy.
We need a return to traditional conservative economic values.
After all, he was proven right in his warnings that trusts fiscal plan threatens financial stability. Soon. AC has pledged to bring integrity, professionalism and accountability to government, but he has a mountain to climb to try to restore or renew the reputation of the Conservative Party following one of the most turbulent periods in British political history.
医生家庭出来的高材生
苏纳克出生于英国南安普敦，上个世纪60年代，其祖父母从东非移民到英国，白手起家，到了苏纳克父母这一代，父亲老苏纳克已经成为受人尊敬的英国国民医疗系统（NHS）全科医生，母亲则是一位药剂师，家里经营药房。
作为长子，小苏纳克成绩优异，就读于英国著名私校温彻斯特公学，随后顺利升入牛津大学林肯学院，攻读哲学、政治和经济学（PPE）专业，PPE专业是英国政坛的摇篮。
随后，拿到奖学金的苏纳克赴美读书，在斯坦福大学不仅获得了MBA学位，还收获了爱情。
在美国期间，苏纳克遇到了妻子阿克萨塔·穆尔蒂，她是印度亿万富翁、印孚瑟斯（Infosys）公司创始人穆尔蒂（N. R. Narayana Murthy）的女儿。印孚瑟斯是印度历史上第一家在美国上市的公司。
进入政界后“火箭式晋升”
毕业后，苏纳克进入高盛公司工作，随后在对冲基金公司儿童投资基金管理（CIMF）和Theleme Partners担任合伙人。
根据2022年的周日泰晤士报富豪榜，苏纳克以及妻子是英国第222位最富有的人，他们的财富总额为7.3亿英镑。
2015年，苏纳克在大选中当选为下议院议员，自此他在政界迅速崛起，速度犹如“乘坐火箭”，其中决定性的转机发生在2020年。
2020年，时任英国首相鲍里斯在内阁大换血中，撤换彼时英国财政大臣贾维德（Sajid Javid），随后任命了贾维德的手下、当时仅39岁的苏纳克出任英国新财政大臣。而在2019年，苏纳克还仅仅为英国政府中的一位初级住房部长，此次“临危受命”，让他成为英国历史上第二年轻的财政大臣。
2020年在疫情期间，苏纳克花费数千亿英镑采取了一系列新冠纾困措施，例如为企业拨款保留工作岗位以及发放补助鼓励外出就餐，这些务实的财政计划为其建立了良好声誉。
然而，今年以来，随着英国通胀加剧，苏纳克对财政纪律的谨慎态度导致他只提供了有限的支持来帮助弱势家庭，这令其受欢迎度有所下降。与此同时，苏纳克的富人身份也招致了民众的批评，他穿着名牌服装和使用价值数百美元的智能咖啡杯的行为，让身处生活成本危机的人们感到与之脱节。
2022年7月5日，苏纳克突然宣布辞去财政大臣职务，在辞职信中他暗示自己与约翰逊在经济政策上存在分歧。苏纳克的离开成为第一块倒下的多米诺骨牌，随后60余名政府官员辞职后，约翰逊被迫下台。
3天后，苏纳克参加保守党领导层选举。在保守党议员内部投票中，苏纳克从第一轮起就保持着第一的优势，但在最终保守党党民的投票中以2.1万票的差距输给了刚刚辞职的首相特拉斯。
对于苏纳克今夏败选的原因，北京外国语大学英语学院副院长、英国研究中心主任王展鹏对第一财经记者表示，对于英国保守党选民来说，与其说是更喜欢特拉斯，不如说他们更难以接受苏纳克当选首相。
“保守党在过去几个月中搬起石头砸自己的脚，但我认为我们需要给新首相一些时间，至少在下次选举前让事情平静下来。至少目前，如果举行选举，显然工党会以压倒性优势获胜。”67岁的伦敦退休教师Arther接受第一财经记者采访时表示。
最快明日接班
接下来，苏纳克将觐见查尔斯国王，同时他也会尽快公布全新的内阁成员名单。据英媒报道，查尔斯国王当地时间今天下午将从桑德林汉姆前往伦敦，这意味着他最快于今晚在白金汉宫会见特拉斯和苏纳克。
苏纳克最早有可能在周二（25日）正式接任特拉斯的职位，届时特拉斯的任期将正好达到50天。
英国前首相卡梅伦向苏纳克表示祝贺。他称，10年前他曾说过，他认为保守党将成为英国第一个拥有印度裔首相的政党。
英国外交大臣克莱弗利（James Cleverly）称，苏纳克当选是一个“非常积极的举措”。他称，苏纳克是领导英国的最有经验的候选人，并补充说他是一个“聪明和有才华的人”。
刚刚上任的苏纳克面临着濒临陷入衰退的英国经济，包括公共财政危机、高通货膨胀、公共服务紧张、工业动荡、能源账单飙升，甚至在新的一年里可能出现停电。苏纳克是一位财政保守派，在周日的声明中承诺要“修复经济”。他说：“在我所领导的政府的每一个层面上，都会诚信、专业和问责。”
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