《县委大院》里，这个细节很真实了……
什么是生态保护红线
The invisible line, covering more than 3 million square kilometers, controls all important ecological spaces and protects the country's ecological security.
红线保护了哪些地方
Within the redline, important water conservation areas are found, such as the Sanjiangyuan Reserve, which is home to the headwaters of China's three major rivers, and provides water to more than 600 million people.
It includes soil and water conservation areas such as the Loess Plateau, where 200 million tons of sediment flow into the Yellow River every year.
It includes windproofing and buffering areas such as the Three-North Shelterbelt, which reduced the frequency of sandstorms from 5.1 to 0.1 days per year in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 1978 to 2015.
It includes habitats of rare species and wild animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Tibetan antelopes which are thriving once more.
The eco-redline also includes sensitive and fragile areas such as those susceptible to soil erosion, land desertification, stony desertification and salinization.
红线优化国土空间布局
The eco-redlineis also essential for optimizing China's national territorial spatial planning, for growing food where land is suitable for farming, for protecting habitats of important species, and for keeping factories out of water conservation areas.
With proper spatial planning, we can develop the economy in an environmentally efficient way and protect it economically, preserving clean waters and lush mountains for future generations.
红线划定后如何监管
This is the five-sphere monitoring system, consisting of space-based satellites, space-borne remote sensing, aerial drones, mobile patrol vehicles and field observation.
One example is ecological regulation. Think of a satellite as an eye in space. With a wide monitoring coverage, they can regularly scan areas within the ecological protection red line and detect obvious surface changes over time.
For key areas of environmental protection, such as rare animal habitats, space-borne remote sensing observation equipment functions as a telescope high above the ground. It can zoom in on an area of concern through a 360-degree scan every eight minutes to an hour. Then, field observation equipment can further identify the data.
For areas that cannot be covered by space-borne remote sensing, aerial drones can be launched for a closer perspective.
Then ecological patrol vehicles can carry out real-time monitoring along the navigable patrol route, verify ecological damage problems and investigate them in time.
Working together, the monitoring accuracy of the five approaches can be as little as a meter or less, under which a vehicle, person, or wild animal can be clearly seen. The system significantly helps uncover all kinds of human interference activities and ecological damage. A dragnet of ecological supervision will be established to ensure that no ecological culprits will escape the law.
中国智慧助力环保
一条生态保护红线、一套“五基”体系，在中国的创新融合运用下，高精度、全方位、短周期，全面守护着国家生态安全。
China's innovative integration of the eco-redline with a multifaceted remote sensing monitoring system powered by the five approaches ensures that environmental security monitoring is high precision, all-round and swift.
In 2019 China's eco-redline was selected as one of 15 exemplary cases at the UN Climate Action Summit. It also won international recognition at COP15 held in Kunming, Yunnan province, in 2021.
With the support of the eco-redline and five-sphere monitoring system, China's solutions will play an ever greater role in environmental protection, demonstrating the leading role the country is taking in protecting our planet.
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