Zabbix搭建与主机监控

2023-04-28 14:04

前言

Zabbix是企业级分布式开源监控解决方案。可以对应用服务，数据库，网络，操作系统等提供7x24小时的监控，在6.x版本开始也新增了Kubernetes监控功能；本文主要介绍如何用zabbix的实现主机监控；

安装zabbix-server

这里用docker compose的方式搭建一个zabbix监控；

# 拉取镜像
docker pull zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql:6.4.1-centos
docker pull zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:6.4.1-centos

# 创建数据目录
mkdir -p zabbix/{data,alertscripts}
mkdir -p zabbix/mysql/{data,conf}
cd zabbix/

# 添加数据库配置
cat > mysql/conf/my.cnf <<eof
[client]
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_bin
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
port = 3306
datadir = /var/lib/mysql

max_connections=1000

expire_logs_days = 15
relay_log_purge = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/slow.log
log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
log-bin = /var/log/mysql/mysqld-bin
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

default-time_zone='+8:00'
eof

# 授权文件
chmod 644 mysql/conf/my.cnf

# 添加compose
cat > docker-compose.yml <<eof
version: '3.9'
networks:
  zbx:
    driver: bridge
services:
  zabbix-mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0.30
    hostname: mysql
    container_name: mysql
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - ./mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
      - ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
    restart: always
    privileged: true
    command: --character-set-server=utf8 --collation-server=utf8_bin
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Egfi9Jnn9BzJf3Q6
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=zabbix
      - MYSQL_USER=zabbix
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=zabbix
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
      - LANG=en_US.UTF-8
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    networks:
      - zbx

  zabbix-server:
    image: zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql:6.4.1-centos
    container_name: zabbix-server
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - ./data:/var/lib/zabbix/
      - ./alertscripts:/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts:ro
    restart: always
    privileged: true
    environment:
      - DB_SERVER_HOST=zabbix-mysql
      - DB_SERVER_PORT=3306
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Egfi9Jnn9BzJf3Q6
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=zabbix
      - MYSQL_USER=zabbix
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=zabbix
      - ZBX_CACHESIZE=1G
      - ZBX_HISTORYCACHESIZE=512M
      - ZBX_HISTORYINDEXCACHESIZE=32M
      - ZBX_TRENDCACHESIZE=256M
      - ZBX_VALUECACHESIZE=256M
      - ZBX_STARTPINGERS=64
      - ZBX_IPMIPOLLERS=1
      - ZBX_ENABLE_SNMP_TRAPS=true
      - ZBX_STARTTRAPPERS=1
    ports:
      - 10051:10051
    networks:
      - zbx

  zabbix-web:
    image: zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:6.4.1-centos
    container_name: zabbix-web
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    restart: always
    privileged: true
    environment:
      - ZBX_SERVER_NAME=Zabbix 6.0
      - ZBX_SERVER_HOST=zabbix-server
      - ZBX_SERVER_PORT=10051
      - DB_SERVER_HOST=zabbix-mysql
      - DB_SERVER_PORT=3306
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Egfi9Jnn9BzJf3Q6
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=zabbix
      - MYSQL_USER=zabbix
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=zabbix
      - PHP_TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    ports:
      - 80:8080
    networks:
      - zbx
eof

# 启动服务
docker compose up zabbix-mysql -d && sleep 5
docker compose up -d

启动成功后，登陆页面，默认账号是 Admin / zabbix ；

安装zabbix-agent

zabbix-agent是采集主机指标的客户端，这里使用二进制包的安装方式，多台主机的情况下建议使用ansible去批量安装；

# 获取安装包: https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download
wget -c https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/binaries/stable/6.4/6.4.1/zabbix_agent-6.4.1-linux-3.0-amd64-static.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/zabbix
tar xf zabbix_agent-6.4.1-linux-3.0-amd64-static.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zabbix

# 添加用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M zabbix
chown zabbix.root -R /usr/local/zabbix

# 添加配置文件
rm -rf /usr/local/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd/*
cat > /usr/local/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf <<eof
PidFile=/usr/local/zabbix/logs/zabbix_agentd.pid
LogFile=/usr/local/zabbix/logs/zabbix_agentd.log
LogFileSize=100
ListenPort=10050
StartAgents=2               # 启动的采集线程数
Server=172.16.110.169       # zabbix-server的地址
ServerActive=172.16.110.169 # zabbix-server的地址
HostMetadata=basic          # 定义主机元数据，在做自动注册时会用到
Include=/usr/local/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd/*.conf
eof

添加system脚本管理agent服务；

# 创建脚本
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service <<eof
[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Agent
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
Restart=on-failure
PIDFile=/usr/local/zabbix/logs/zabbix_agentd.pid
KillMode=control-group
ExecStart=/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
RestartSec=10s
User=zabbix
Group=zabbix

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targe
eof

# 启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable zabbix-agent --now