判例译析 | 民事处罚、永久禁令和其他衡平法救济的申诉

译者 | 吴靓 中南财经政法大学法学本科

一审 | 刘寅 西南政法大学LL.B.

二审 | 左亦惟 中南财经政法大学LL.B.

编辑 | 王妮茜 新疆农业大学本科

         邵娅绮 浙江工商大学本科

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

美国地区法院

CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

加利福尼亚中央区

COMPLAINT FOR CIVIL PENALTIES, PERMANENT INJUNCTION, AND OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF

民事处罚、永久禁令和其他衡平法救济的申诉

Plaintiff, the United States of America, acting upon notification and on behalf of the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC” or “Commission”), for its Complaint alleges that:

原告美利坚合众国，在接到通知后代表美国联邦贸易委员会（“FTC”或“委员会”）在其诉状中声称：

Plaintiff brings this action under Sections 5(a)(1), 5(m)(1)(A), 13(b), and 16(a) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”), 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a)(1), 45(m)(1)(A), 53(b), and 56(a), and Sections 1303(c) and 1306(d) of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (“COPPA”), 15 U.S.C. §§ 6502(c) and 6505(d), to obtain monetary civil penalties, a permanent injunction, and other equitable relief for Defendants’ violations of Section 5 of the FTC Act and the Commission’s Children’s Online Privacy Protection Rule (“Rule” or “COPPA Rule”), 16 C.F.R. Part 312.

原告基于《联邦贸易委员会法》（“FTC法”）第5(a)(1)节、第5(m)(1)(A)节、第13(b)节和第16(a)节，《儿童在线隐私权保护法》（“COPPA”）第15卷第45(a)(1)、45(m)(1)(A)、53(b)、56(a)节，《美国联邦法规》第15卷第1303(c)、1306(d)节提起诉讼，对于被告违反FTC法和COPPA规则第5节、《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312部分的行为，请求民事赔偿、永久禁令和其他衡平法上的救济。

This Court has subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1337(a), 1345, and 1355, and under 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(m)(1)(A), 53(b), 56(a), and 57b.

根据《美国法典》第28卷第1331、1337(a)、1355节，第15卷第45(m)(1)(A)、第53(b)、56(a)、57b节，本法院对诉讼标的享有管辖权。

Venue in the Central District of California is proper under 15 U.S.C. § 53(b) and 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b)-(c) and 1395(a)

根据《美国法典》第15卷第53(b)节、第28卷第1391(b)-(c)和1395(a)节，加州中心区是适当的审判地。

Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a) prohibits unfair and deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce.

FTC法第5(a)节，《美国法典》第15卷第45(a)节禁止在商业中或影响商业的不公平和欺骗性行为或做法。

Congress enacted COPPA in 1998 to protect the safety and privacy of children online by prohibiting the unauthorized or unnecessary collection of children’s personal information online by operators of Internet Web sites and online services. COPPA directed the Commission to promulgate a rule implementing COPPA. The Commission promulgated the COPPA Rule on November 3, 1999, under Section 1303(b) of COPPA, 15 U.S.C. § 6502(b), and Section 553 of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. § 554. The Rule went into effect on April 21, 2000. The Commission promulgated revisions to the Rule that went into effect on July 1, 2013. Pursuant to Section 1303(c) of COPPA, 15 U.S.C. § 6502(c), and Section 18(d)(3) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 57(a)(d)(3), a violation of the Rule constitutes an unfair or deceptive act or practice in or affecting commerce, in violation of Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).

国会于1998年颁布了COPPA规则，禁止互联网网站和在线服务运营商未经授权或不必要地在线收集儿童个人信息，以保护儿童的线上安全和隐私。该法案要求委员会颁布相应的实施细则。委员会根据COPPA规则第1303(b)节、《美国法典》第15卷第6502(b)节、《行政程序法》第553节、《美国法典》第5卷第554节，于1999年11月3日出台了COPPA规则。该规则于2000年5月21日正式生效。委员会颁布了对该规则的修订，并于2013年7月1日生效。根据COPPA第1303(c)节、《美国法典》第15卷第6502(c)节、FTC法第18(d)(3)节、《美国法典》第15卷第57(a)(d)(3)节的规定，违反COPPA规则将构成在商业中或影响商业的不公平或欺骗性行为或做法，进而违反FTC法第5(a)节和FTC法第15卷第45(a)节。

Among other things, the COPPA Rule applies to any operator of a commercial website or online service directed to children that collects, uses, and/or discloses personal information from children, and to any operator of a commercial website or online service that has actual knowledge that it collects, uses, and/or discloses personal information from children. The Rule requires an operator to meet specific requirements prior to collecting online, using, or disclosing personal information from children, including but not limited to:

其中，COPPA规则适用于任何收集、使用和/或披露儿童个人信息的商业网站或在线服务运营商，以及任何实际了解其收集、使用和/或披露儿童个人信息的商业网站或在线服务运营商。该规则要求运营商在网上收集、使用或披露儿童个人信息之前符合特定要求，包括但不限于：

a. Posting a privacy policy on its website or online service providing clear, understandable, and complete notice of its information practices, including what information the website operator collects from children online, how it uses such information, its disclosure practices for such information, and other specific disclosures set forth in the Rule;

a.在其网站或线上服务上发布隐私政策，提供清晰、易懂、完整的信息使用的通知，内容包括网站运营商从儿童那里收集了哪些信息，如何使用这些信息，信息披露的方式，以及规则中规定的其他具体披露；

b. Providing clear, understandable, and complete notice of its information practices, including specific disclosures, directly to parents;

b.直接向家长提供清晰、易懂和完整的信息使用通知，包括具体的披露；

c. Obtaining verifiable parental consent prior to collecting, using, and/or disclosing personal information from children;

c.在收集、使用和/或披露儿童的个人信息之前，获得可验证的家长同意；

d. Deleting personal information collected from children online, at a parent’s request; and

d.应家长要求，删除儿童线上个人信息；和

e. Retaining personal information collected from children online only as long as is reasonably necessary to fulfill the purpose for which the information was collected.

e.仅在实现信息收集目的的合理必要范围内，留存儿童线上个人信息。

For purposes of this Complaint, the terms “child,” “collects,” “collection,” “disclosure,” “Internet,” “obtaining verifiable consent,” “online contact information,” “operator,” “parent,” “personal information,” and “Web site or online service directed to children,” are defined as those terms are defined in Section 312.2 of the COPPA Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.2.

就本诉状而言，术语“儿童”、“信息收集”、“所集信息”、“披露”、“互联网”、“获得可验证的同意”、“在线联系信息”、“运营商”、“家长”、“个人信息”和“针对儿童的网站或在线服务商”的定义与COPPA规则第16卷第312.2节和《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.2节中的定义相同。

Defendant Musical.ly is a Cayman Islands corporation, with its principal place of business in Shanghai, China. In December 2017, Musical.ly was acquired by ByteDance Ltd. Musical.ly transacts or has transacted business in this district and throughout the United States. At all times material to this Complaint, acting alone or in concert with others, Musical.ly purposefully directed its activities to the United States by advertising, marketing, and distributing mobile applications intended for use by consumers throughout the United States. At all times material to this Complaint, acting alone or in concert with Defendant Musical.ly, Inc., Musical.ly formulated, directed, controlled, had the authority to control, or participated in the acts and practices set forth in this Complaint.

被告Musical.ly是一家开曼群岛公司，其主要营业地位于中国上海。2017年12月，Musical.ly被字节跳动有限公司收购。Musical.ly在该地区（中国上海）以及全美范围内开展业务。在与本案直接相关的所有时间内，无论是单独行动还是与他人合作，Musical.ly都刻意通过广告、营销和分发旨在供美国消费者使用的移动应用程序，将其活动指向美国。在与本案直接相关的所有时间内，Musical.ly单独或与被告Musical.ly，Inc .一起行动，制定、指挥、控制、有权控制或参与本诉状中所述的行为和做法。

Defendant Musical.ly, Inc. is a California corporation with its principal place of business in Santa Monica, California, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Musical.ly. Musical.ly, Inc. transacts or has transacted business in this district and throughout the United States. At all times material to this Complaint, acting alone or in concert with others, Musical.ly, Inc. has advertised, marketed, and distributed mobile applications intended for use by consumers throughout the United States. At all times material to this Complaint, acting alone or in concert with Defendant Musical.ly, Musical.ly, Inc. formulated, directed, controlled, had the authority to control, or participated in the acts and practices set forth in this Complaint.

被告Musical.ly, Inc.是一家加利福尼亚州公司，其主要营业地位于加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡，是Musical.ly的全资子公司。Musical.ly, Inc.在该地区和全美从事业务交易。在与本起诉相关的时间内，Musical.ly, Inc.单独或与其他人合作宣传、营销和分发了面向美国消费者的移动应用程序。在与本案直接相关的所有时间内，Musical.ly, Inc单独或与被告Musical.ly共同行动，制定、指挥、控制、有权控制或参与本诉状中所述的行为和做法。

The Plaintiff’s claims against Musical.ly and Musical.ly, Inc. arise from or relate to Defendants’ acts or practices aimed at or taking place in the United States.

原告对Musical.ly和Musical.ly, Inc.的索赔源于或涉及被告针对美国或发生在美国的行为或做法。

At all times material to this Complaint, Defendants have maintained a substantial course of trade in or affecting commerce, as “commerce” is defined in Section 4 of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 44.

根据FTC法第4节、《美国法典》第15卷第44节中对“商业”的定义，在与本案直接相关的所有时间内，被告在商业领域中进行着持续的实质性贸易，或其贸易对商业领域产生了影响。

（图片来源于网络）

Since at least 2014, Defendants have operated a video social networking app (“Musical.ly App” or “App”). The App is free to download from Apple’s App Store, Google Play, and the Amazon Appstore, but generates revenue for Defendants through various means, including in-app purchases. Since 2014, over 200 million users have downloaded the App worldwide; 65 million Musical.ly accounts are registered in the United States.

至少自2014年以来，被告运营了一个视频社交网络应用程序(“Musical.ly app”或“App”)。这款应用可以从苹果应用商店、谷歌应用商店和亚马逊应用商店“免费”下载，但该应用以各种方式为被告创造收入，包括应用内购买。自2014年以来，全球已有超过2亿用户下载了该应用，同时在美国注册了6500万个账户。

To register for the Musical.ly App, users provide their email address, phone number, username, first and last name, short bio, and a profile picture. Between December 2015 and October 2016, Defendants also collected geolocation information from users of the App.

要注册该应用程序，用户需要提供他们的电子邮件地址、电话号码、用户名、名字和姓氏、简介和个人资料照片。2015年12月至2016年10月期间，被告还收集了该应用程序用户的地理位置信息。

Many users choose to include an age in their short bio, which is part of their Musical.ly App profiles. Since July 2017, Defendants request age information from new users during the registration process for a Musical.ly App account, and prevent users who indicate that they are under 13 from creating accounts. Defendants did not request age information for existing users who had already created Musical.ly accounts prior to July 2017.

许多用户选择在他们的简介中载明年龄，这是他们Musical.ly应用程序档案的一部分。自2017年7月以来，被告在Musical.ly应用程序账户的注册过程中要求新用户提供年龄信息，并禁止未满13岁的用户创建账户。被告没有要求在2017年7月之前已经创建Musical.ly账户的现有用户提供年龄信息。

The Musical.ly App provides a platform for users to create videos and then synchronize them with music or audio clips from either the App’s online music library or music stored on the user’s device. The App’s online library has millions of song tracks, including songs from popular children’s movies and songs popular among tweens and younger children. The Musical.ly App offers simple tools to create and edit videos. Once the video is completed, the user has the option to name the video with a title before posting and sharing the video publicly.

Musical.ly应用程序为用户提供了一个平台来创作视频，然后同步视频和应用程序的在线音乐库、用户设备上存储的音乐或剪辑的音频。该应用的在线图书馆有数百万首歌曲，包括流行儿童电影中的歌曲、在青少年及年龄更小的儿童中流行的歌曲。Musical.ly应用程序提供了创作和编辑视频的简单工具。视频完成后，用户可以选择在公开发布和分享视频之前给视频标题命名。

In addition to creating and sharing videos, the App provides a platform for users to connect and interact with other users. Users can comment on the videos of other users, and have the option to “follow” other users’ accounts so that they can view more of their videos in the future. Popular users can have millions of “fans” following their accounts. A user’s account is set to public by default, which means that a user’s profile bio, username, profile picture, and videos are public and searchable by other users. Users have the option to set their accounts to “private” so that only approved followers can view their videos; however, users’ profiles, including usernames, profile pictures and bios, remain public and searchable by other users.

除了创作和分享视频，该应用程序还为用户提供了一个与其他用户联系和互动的平台。用户可以对其他用户的视频发表评论，并可以选择“关注”其他用户的账户，以便将来查看更多他们的视频。受欢迎的用户可能有数百万的“粉丝”关注他们的账户。默认情况下，用户的账户被设置为公开，这意味着用户的个人资料、用户名、个人资料照片和视频是公开的，其他用户可以搜索知悉。

The App also allows users to send direct messages to communicate with other users. These direct messages can include colorful and bright emoji characters ranging from animals, smiley faces, cars, trucks, and hearts, among many others. By default, an App user can direct message any other user. Indeed, there have been many public reports of adults trying to contact kids via the Musical.ly App.

该应用程序还允许用户直接发送消息与其他用户交流，包括丰富多彩的动物、笑脸、汽车、卡车和爱心等表情符号。默认情况下，应用程序用户可以将消息发送给任何其他用户。事实上，有许多公开报道称，成年人试图通过Musical.ly应用程序联系儿童。

Until October 2016, the App had a feature where a user could tap on the “my city” tab, which provided the user with a list of other users within a 50-mile radius, and with whom the user could connect and interact with by following the user or sending direct messages.

截至2016年10月，该应用程序一直保留一项功能——通过点击“我的城市”标签，用户可以查看50英里半径内的其他用户列表，通过关注其他用户或发送直接消息来与他们联系和互动。

A significant percentage of Musical.ly users are children under 13, and numerous press articles between 2016 and 2018 highlight the popularity of the App among tweens and younger children.

Musical.ly的用户中有很大一部分是13岁以下的儿童，2016年至2018年间的大量新闻文章强调了该应用在青少年和年龄更小的儿童中的受欢迎程度。

Defendants were aware that children were using the App. As of at least October 2016, on Defendants’ mwebsites, available at and www.musical.ly/en-US, Defendants have provided parents guidance about their child’s use of the App. Until April 2017, the webpage stated, for example, “If you have a young child on Musical.ly, please be sure to monitor their activity on the App.”

被告知道儿童们在使用这个应用程序。至少截至2016年10月，在www.musicallyapp.tumblr.com和www.musical.ly/en-US这两个被告的网站上，被告为家长提供了关于孩子使用应用程序的指南。截至2017年4月，网页上写着，“如果你年幼的孩子使用Musical.ly，请务必在应用程序上密切关注他们的活动。”

The App does not provide a function for users to close their accounts, and instead requires users to send an email to Defendants to close their accounts. Defendants received thousands of complaints from parents that their child under 13 years old had created a Musical.ly App account without their knowledge. For example, in the two-week period between September 15, 2016 and September 30, 2016, Defendants received more than 300 complaints from parents asking to have their child’s account closed. While Defendants closed the accounts, they did not delete the users’ videos or profile information from Defendants’ servers.

该应用程序没有为用户提供关闭账户的功能，反而要求用户向被告发送电子邮件来关闭账户。被告收到了数千份家长的投诉，称他们13岁以下的孩子在他们不知情的情况下创建了一个Musical.ly应用程序账户。在2016年9月15日至2016年9月30日的两周内，被告收到了300多份家长要求关闭孩子账户的投诉。虽然被告关闭了账户，但他们没有从被告的服务器上删除用户的视频或个人资料。

In December 2016, a third party publicly alleged in an interview with the co-founder of Musical.ly, Inc. that seven users whose accounts were among the most popular in terms of followers appeared to be children under 13. Shortly thereafter, Defendants then reviewed its most popular users and determined an additional 39 appeared to be under 13. In February 2017, Defendants sent messages to these 46 users’ email addresses telling users under 13 to edit their profile description to indicate that their accounts were being run by a parent or adult talent manager. Defendants did not take any steps to ensure that the person who was responding to the request was a parent and not the child user.

2016年12月，第三方在与Musical.ly, Inc的联合创始人的采访中公开宣称，该应用用户中粉丝最多的七个账户是13岁以下的儿童。此后不久，被告审查了该应用最受欢迎的账户，还发现了另外39个账户（使用者为13岁以下的儿童）。2017年2月，被告向这46个用户的电子邮件地址发送消息，告知他们重新编辑个人资料描述，以显示他们的账户由家长或成人管理。被告没有采取任何措施来确保回应请求的使用者是家长而不是儿童。

In December 2017, ByteDance Ltd. acquired the Defendants. In August 2018, the Musical.ly App was merged with the TikTok app under the TikTok name. The Defendants operate the merged app.

2017年12月，被告被字节跳动有限公司收购。2018年8月，Musical.ly应用程序与抖音应用程序合并，归入抖音名下。被告运营合并后的应用程序。

The COPPA Rule applies to operators of websites and online services directed to children that collect personal information, or those with actual knowledge they have collected personal information from children under 13. As explained further below, Defendants operate an online service directed to children because they target children as one audience, and had actual knowledge they collected personal information from children under 13. Through the Musical.ly App, Defendants collected personal information as defined in the COPPA Rule, including first and last name; online contact information; the content of direct messages between users; photos and videos containing a child’s image and voice, and, for some period of time, geolocation information.

COPPA规则适用于专门收集儿童个人信息的网站和在线服务的运营商，或者那些明知已经收集了13岁以下儿童个人信息的运营商。如下文进一步解释，被告经营对口儿童的在线服务，因为他们将儿童作为一个目标受众，且明知从13岁以下儿童那里收集个人信息。通过Musical.ly应用程序，被告收集了COPPA规则中定义的个人信息，包括名和姓、在线联系方式、用户之间直接消息的内容、包含儿童图像和声音的照片和视频，以及一段时间内的地理位置信息。

Pursuant to Section 312.2 of the COPPA Rule, the determination of whether an online service is directed to children depends on various factors, including its subject matter, visual content, music or other audio content, the presence of child celebrities or celebrities who appeal to children, and any competent and reliable empirical evidence regarding audience composition, and evidence regarding the intended audience. A review of these factors demonstrates that the Musical.ly App is directed to children, by targeting children as one audience.

根据COPPA规则第312.2节，确定在线服务是否指向儿童取决于各种因素，包括其主题、视觉内容、音乐或其他音频内容、是否存在童星或对儿童有吸引力的明星、关于受众构成的任何合格可靠的经验证据以及关于预期受众的证据。对这些因素的审查表明，Musical.ly应用程序是通过将儿童定位为受众进而达到针对儿童的标准的。

The Musical.ly App’s purpose is to create short videos lip-syncing to music, and share these videos with other users, which is a child-oriented activity. The App features music by celebrities appealing to children.

Musical.ly应用程序以儿童为中心，目的是创建与音乐对口型同步的短视频，随后与其他用户分享这些视频。这款应用以童星创作的音乐为特色。

（图片来源于网络）

The App includes song folders to help users select songs for their videos. At various times material to this Complaint, the App has included song folders appealing to children, such as “Disney” and “school.” The Disney folder included songs related to Disney television shows and movies, such as “Can You Feel the Love Tonight” from the Disney movie “The Lion King” and “You’ve Got a Friend in Me” from the Disney movie “Toy Story”. The school folder contained songs covering school-related subjects or school-themed television shows or movies. The App’s simple tools make it easy for children to create and upload videos. The App allows users to send other users colorful emojis, such as cute animals and smiley faces. Moreover, a large percentage of Musical.ly App users are under the age of 13. Indeed, many users self-identify as under 13 in their profile bios or provide grade or school information indicating an age under 13. Many musicians and entertainers popular with tweens, such as Katy Perry, Selena Gomez, Ariana Grande, Meghan Trainor, among many others, have Musical.ly App accounts. The artists often encourage their fans to post and share videos of themselves dancing or lip-syncing to their new releases.

该应用程序中还有帮助用户为其视频选择歌曲的歌单。在与本案直接相关的不同时期，这个应用程序中有吸引儿童的歌单，如“迪士尼”和“学校”。“迪士尼”歌单包括与迪士尼电视节目和电影相关的歌曲，如迪士尼电影《狮子王》中的《今夜爱无限》和迪士尼电影《玩具总动员》中的《朋友之爱》。“学校”歌单中的歌曲涵盖了与学校相关的主题或以学校为主题的电视节目或电影。儿童不仅能用该应用程序的简单工具轻松创建和上传视频，还可以向其他用户发送丰富多彩的表情符号，如可爱的动物和笑脸。此外，很大比例的Musical.ly应用程序用户年龄在13岁以下。事实上，许多用户在他们的个人简介中自认为未满13岁，或者提供表明年龄未满13岁的年级或学校信息。许多受青少年欢迎的音乐家和艺人，如凯蒂·佩里、赛琳娜·戈麦斯、爱莉安娜·格兰德、梅根·特瑞娜等，都有Musical.ly应用账户。这些艺术家经常鼓励他们的粉丝发布和分享他们跳舞或假唱新专辑歌曲的视频。

Defendants also had actual knowledge they were collecting personal information from children, as described in Paragraph 22. The youth of the user base is easily apparent in perusing users’ profile pictures and in reviewing users’ profiles, many of which explicitly note the child’s age, birthdate, or school. Since at least 2014, Defendants have received thousands of complaints from parents of children under the age of 13 who were registered users of Defendants’ online service. In just a two-week period in September 2016, Defendants received over 300 complaints from parents asking that their child’s account be deleted.

如第22段所述，被告也实际知道他们正在收集儿童的个人信息。在仔细阅读用户的个人资料图片、查看用户的个人资料时，用户群体的低龄化显而易见，因为许多都明确注明了儿童的年龄、生日或学校。至少自2014年以来，被告已经收到了数以千计来自13岁以下儿童家长的投诉，这些儿童是被告在线服务的注册用户。仅在2016年9月的两周内，被告就收到了300多份来自家长要求删除他们孩子的账户的投诉。

Because Defendants are operators of an online service directed to children by targeting children as one audience, and had actual knowledge they collected personal information from children, they are subject to the COPPA Rule.

鉴于被告在线服务运营商将儿童作为受众和对象，且明知自身从儿童那里收集个人信息，他们有义务遵守COPPA规则。

As described in Paragraphs 25 through 28, Defendants are “operators” subject to the COPPA Rule.

如第25至28段所述，被告是受COPPA规则约束的“经营者”。

In numerous instances, in connection with the acts and practices described above, Defendants collected and used personal information from children younger than age 13 in violation of the Rule by:

在与上述行为和做法相关的多种情形下，被告通过以下方式违规收集使用13岁以下儿童个人信息：

a. Failing to provide notice on their website or online service of the information they collect online from children, how they use such information, and their disclosure practices, among other required content, in violation of Section 312.4(d) of the Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.4(d);

a. 违反《规则》第312.4(d)节，《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.4(d)节，未在其网站或在线服务上提供他们从儿童那里在线收集的信息、他们如何使用这些信息、他们的披露做法以及其他要求的通知；

b. Failing to provide direct notice to parents of the information they collect online from children, how they use such information, and their disclosure practices for such information, among other required content, in violation of Section 312.4(b) of the Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.4(b);

b.违反《规则》第312.4(b)节，《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.4(b)节，未直接告知家长他们从在线儿童处收集的信息，他们如何使用这些信息，他们披露这些信息的做法，以及其他要求的内容;

c. Failing to obtain consent from parents before any collection or use of personal information from children, in violation of Section 312.5(a)(1) of the Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.5(a)(1);

c.违反《规则》第312.5(a)(1)节，《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.5(a)(1)节，未经儿童家长同意收集或使用儿童的个人信息；

d. Failing to delete personal information collected from children at the request of parents, in violation of Section 312.6(a)(2) of the Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.6(a)(2);

d.违反《规则》第312.6(a)(2)节、《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.6(a)(2)节，未按照家长的要求删除从儿童处收集的个人信息；

e. Retaining personal information collected online from children for longer than reasonably necessary to fulfill the purpose for which the information was collected, in violation of Section 312.10 of the Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 312.10.

e.违反《规则》第312.10节、《美国联邦法规》第16卷第312.10节，保留儿童在线个人信息的时间超过了实现收集信息目的的合理必要时间。

Pursuant to Section 1303(c) of COPPA, 15 U.S.C. § 6502(c), and Section 18(d)(3) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 57a(d)(3), a violation of the Rule constitutes an unfair or deceptive act or practice in or affecting commerce, in violation of Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).

根据COPPA规则第1303(c)节、《美国法典》第15卷第6502(c)节、FTC法第18(d)(3)节、《美国法典》第15卷第57a(d)(3)节，违反COPPA规则将构成不公平或欺骗性行为或惯例，进而违反FTC法第5(a)节和《美国法典》第15卷第45(a)节。

Defendants violated the Rule as described above with the knowledge required by Section 5(m)(1)(A) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(m)(1)(A).

被告在具备FTC法第5(m)(1)(A)节、《美国法典》第15卷第45(m)(1)(A)节所要求的“明知”这一要素的情况下违反了上述规则。

Each collection, use, or disclosure of a child’s personal information in which Defendants violated the Rule in one or more of the ways described above constitutes a separate violation for which Plaintiff seeks monetary civil penalties.

被告每次以上述一种或多种方式违规收集、使用或披露儿童个人信息都会构成单独的违规行为，原告可以对此请求民事罚款。

Section 5(m)(1)(A) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(m)(1)(A), as modified by Section 4 of the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, 28 U.S.C. § 2461, the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015, Public Law 114-74, sec. 701, 129 Stat. 599 (2015), and Section 1.98(d) of the FTC’s Rules of Practice, 16 C.F.R. § 1.98(d), authorizes this Court to award monetary civil penalties of not more than $41,484 for each violation of the Rule after January 22, 2018.

经1990年联邦民事处罚通货膨胀调整法案第4节、《美国法典》第28卷第2461节、2015年联邦民事处罚通货膨胀调整法案改进法案，公法114-74，第701节、《联邦贸易委员会实施规则》第1.98(d)节、《美国联邦法规》第16卷第1.98(d)节修订，FTC法第5(m)(1)(A)节、《美国法典》第15卷第45(m)(1)(A)节授权，本法院在2018年1月22日之后对每项违反规则的行为判处不超过41, 484美元的民事罚款。

Section 13(b) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 53(b), empowers this Court to grant injunctive and such other relief as the Court may deem appropriate to halt and redress violations of any provision of law enforced by the FTC. The Court, in the exercise of its equitable jurisdiction, may award ancillary relief to prevent and remedy any violation of any provision of law enforced by the FTC.

FTC法第13(b)节、《美国法典》第15卷第53(b)节授权本法院给予禁令和法院认为适当的其他救济，以制止和纠正违反联邦贸易委员会执行的任何法律规定的行为。法院在行使其衡平法管辖权时，可裁定辅助性救济，以防止和救济任何违反联邦贸易委员会执行的法律规定的行为。

Wherefore, Plaintiff, the United States of America, pursuant to §§ 5(a)(1), 5(m)(1)(A), 13(b) and 16(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a)(1), 45(m)(1)(A), 53(b) and 56(a), and the Court’s own equitable powers, requests that the Court:

因此，原告美利坚合众国根据FTC法第5(a)(1)、5(m)(1)(A)、13(b)和16(a)、《美国法典》第15卷第45(a)(1)、45(m)(1)(A)、53(b)和56(a)节以及法院的衡平法管辖权，请求法院：

A. Enter a permanent injunction to prevent future violations of the COPPA Rule by Defendants;

A.签署永久禁令，以防止被告未来违反COPPA规则；

B. Award Plaintiff monetary civil penalties from Defendants for each violation of the Rule alleged in this Complaint; and

B.就本诉状中指控的每一项违反规则的行为，对被告判处民事罚款；以及

C. Award such other and additional relief as the Court may determine to be just and proper.

C.判处法院认为公正和适当的其他救济。

Dated: February 27, 2019

日期：2019年2月27日

原文链接：Musical.ly, Inc. | Federal Trade Commission (ftc.gov)