如何在招聘中消除谎言 | 巴托比专栏

《经济学人·商论》2023-10·12 Friendships in the office

《经济学人·商论》2023-08-25

权力是企业生活中的现实存在。它也影响行为。研究表明，权力让人更不容易接受他人的建议，即使对方是自己行业里的专家。权力让人更可能去满足自己的生理需求。在伦敦大学学院的安娜·吉诺特（Ana Guinote）进行的测试中，有权有势者相比更弱小者更可能选择巧克力等诱人的食物，而对小萝卜等更有营养的零食不屑一顾。在交谈中，位居高位的人往往自我陶醉：他们认为自己的故事比对话者的更加鼓舞人心。

POWER IS A fact of corporate life. It also affects behaviour. Research suggests power makes people less likely to take the advice of others, even if those others are experts in their fields. It makes them more likely to gratify their physical needs. In a test conducted by Ana Guinote of University College London, powerful people were likelier than less powerful folk to choose tempting food, like chocolate, and ignore worthier snacks like radishes. In conversations, the powerful are bewitched by themselves: they rate their own stories as more inspiring than interlocutors’.

他们更不容易从别人的视角看问题。在一个著名的实验中，研究人员要求一组人回忆自己位居人上的时刻，而要求另一组人回忆自己屈居人下之时，然后让两组人都在自己额头上画一个大写的“E”。在那些被提示自己拥有权力的受试者当中，从自己的目视角度来画“E”的比率是另一组的三倍，这样的“E”在其他人看来是写反了的。

They struggle to see things from the perspective of others. In one famous experiment, some people were asked to recall a time they held power over someone else and others a time when another person was in a more powerful position than them; both groups were then asked to draw a capital “E” on their own foreheads. Subjects primed to think of themselves as powerful were three times more likely to draw the “E” as though they were looking at it themselves, making it appear backwards to anyone else.

权力甚至会让人觉得自己个子更高。在另一项实验中，被诱导而自觉强有力的人相比不那么有权的人更可能高估自己（相对于一根杆子）的身高，也更容易在游戏中为自己选择一个高个子化身。

Power even makes people think they are taller. In another experiment, those coaxed to think of themselves as powerful were more likely to overestimate their own height relative to a pole, and to pick a loftier avatar to represent them in a game, than less potent counterparts. .... ...