侃哥的第 1885次原创
电视剧《狂飙》热播,带火了一部两千年前的兵书——《孙子兵法》。“读孙子兵法,品启强人生”也成为一个网络热梗,剧中,安欣警官到菜市场看望鱼贩子高启强,劝他多读书提高文化素养,随口提了句《孙子兵法》。受此启发,高启强开始钻研《孙子兵法》,悟出了谋略与决策之道,生活也随之发生了翻天覆地的变化。今天侃哥就跟大家分一下《孙子兵法》里的一些名句的英文翻译。首先,书名——《孙子兵法》,英文是:The Art of War这个翻译就特别有艺术性,如果翻译成什么 way、strategty 就太无聊了,art(艺术) 一词非常灵性,把这本兵书的“妙用”体现得淋漓尽致。剧中,高启强引用了《孙子兵法》里的一句话来告诫弟弟高启盛:白话文翻译为:围困敌人时,不要完全围死,否则敌人会拼死抵抗;如果留一条活路,敌人就会一心想逃跑,因而没有斗志。When you surround an army, leave an outlet free. Do not press a desperate foe too hard.1.“兵贵神速”:Celerity is the soul of warfare 意为用兵的速度是战争中最重要的,上述翻译中 celerity(/səˈlerɪti/)表示“快速、敏捷”,这句表示“速度是战争的灵魂”,即“兵贵神速”。2.上下同欲者胜:Triumph comes when leaders and followers share the same goal. 这句话我印象很深刻,以前我在新东方当主管时,校长每次开会都会强调这句,意思是上级和下级同心同德,才能取得成功。triumph(/ˈtraɪʌmf/)表示“大胜”。这是孙膑非常超前的军事思想,意思是,上等的军事行动是用谋略挫败敌方的战略意图或战争行为,其次就是用外交战胜敌人,再次是用武力击败敌军,最下之策是攻打敌人的城池。上兵伐谋:The preferred way is to foil the enemy’s plans;其次伐交:the next best to use diplomacy,其次伐兵:failing that, to attack the enemy’s forces其下攻城:the least desirable is to assault the enemy’s cities3.Failing that: 不然的话;失败的话4.the least desirable:最不可取的对了,很多人把《孙子兵法》和《三十六计》混为一谈,其实不是一回事。最主要的区别是《孙子兵法》创作于战国,《三十六计》最终成型于明清,晚于前者2000多年。《三十六计》比《孙子兵法》多看了2000年的风雨,可谓中国冷兵器时代的集大成之作。下面给大家总结几个《三十六计》里的著名计谋,大家收好:1.瞒天过海:crossing the sea under camouflage(伪装)2.围魏救赵:relieving(解救)the state of Zhao by besieging(围攻)the state of Wei3.借刀杀人:killing someone with a borrowed knife4.以逸待劳:waiting at one’s ease for the exhausted enemy5.趁火打劫:plundering(掠夺)a burning house6.声东击西:making a feint(佯攻)to the east and attacking in the west 7.无中生有:creating something out of nothing8.暗渡陈仓:advancing secretly by an unknown path9.隔岸观火:watching a fire from the other side of the river10.笑里藏刀:covering the dagger(匕首)with a smile11.李代桃僵:palming off(骗卖)substitute(替代品)for the real thing12.顺手牵羊:picking up something in passing13.打草惊蛇:beating the grass to frighten the snake14.借尸还魂:resurrecting(使…复活)a dead soul by borrowing a corpse15.调虎离山:luring(引诱)the tiger out of his den(兽穴)16.欲擒故纵:letting the enemy off in order to catch him17.抛砖引玉:giving the enemy something to induce(诱使,相当于第15条的lure)him to lose more valuable things18.擒贼擒王:capturing the ringleader(头目)first in order to capture all the followers19.釜底抽薪:extracting the firewood from under the cauldron(大锅)20.浑水摸鱼:muddling(弄浑)the water to catch the fish 21.金蝉脱壳:slipping away(溜走)by casting off a cloak(披风); 22.关门捉贼:catching the thief by blocking his escape route23.远交近攻:befriending(交友)the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy24.假途伐虢:attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor这里说明一下:假道,是借路的意思。伐,是攻占的意思。虢,是春秋时的一个小国。用于军事上,其意在于先利用甲做跳板,去消灭乙,达到目的后,回过头来连甲一起消灭,或者借口向对方借道为名,行消灭对方之实。25.偷梁换柱:stealing the beams and pillars(房的梁和柱)and replacing them with rotten timbers(腐败的木材)26.指桑骂槐:abusing(辱骂)the locust(槐树)tree while pointing to the mulberry(桑树)27.假痴不癫:feigning(假装)madness without becoming insane(疯癫的)28.上屋抽梯:removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof29.树上开花:putting artificial flowers on trees30.反客为主:turning from the guest into the host31.美人计:using seductive(性感迷人的)women to corrupt the enemy32.空城计:presenting a bold front(大胆的前线)to conceal(隐藏)unpreparedness(抽象名词,表示一种“未准备好的状态”)33.反间计:sowing(播种)discord(争端)among the enemy34.苦肉计:deceiving(欺骗)the enemy by torturing one’s own man35.连环计:coordinating(协调、协同)one stratagem(诡计)with another36.走为上计:running away as the best choice无论《孙子兵法》还是《三十六计》,就像一把厉害的武器,用在正道上是帮人,用在歪路则是害人。
就像高启强扮演者张颂文所言:选错了,走歪了,往后多走的每一步,都得付出代价。
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