科学家们对习主席竖起大拇指｜中国日报

2023-02-26 13:02

原文发布于China Daily 中国日报，标题：《Experts hail Xi's speech on basic sciences》，风云之声授权转载原文，并做以下中文翻译。

Experts hail Xi's speech on basic sciences
科学家为习主席关于基础研究的讲话欢呼

作者：张之豪 | 中国日报

Strengthening capabilities in fields seen as key to making big sci-tech advances

Chinese scientists are deeply encouraged by President Xi Jinping's call to enhance basic research and be self-reliant in critical technologies. Experts said sustained support for basic sciences, stronger talent training and science popularization efforts, and greater international cooperation would be conducive to achieving the goal.

加强各领域能力是取得重大科技进步的关键

习近平主席呼吁要加强基础研究建设，在关键技术上做到自力更生，中国科学家深受鼓舞。专家们表示，持续支持基础科学，加强人才培养和科学普及工作，并加强国际合作，会有利于实现这一目标。

Strengthening basic research is the only way to turn China into a global scientific and technological powerhouse, said Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee. He made the comments on Tuesday when chairing the third group study session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee.

习总书记说，加强基础研究是把中国建设成为全球科技强国的唯一途径。他在主持中共二十届中央政治局第三次集体学习会议时发表了这一意见。

Xi highlighted the importance of enhancing international cooperation in science and technology. He also called for Chinese scientists to participate in the global governance of science-related topics, and contribute more to the progress of human civilization.

习主席强调了加强国际科学和技术合作的重要性。他还呼吁中国科学家参与科学相关的全球议题，为人类文明的进步做出更大贡献。

Liu Zhongmin, director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, said Xi's speech has elevated the importance of basic sciences to new heights. "As a scientist, I am deeply motivated, but I also feel a strong sense of duty." he said.

中科院大连化学物理研究所所长刘中民说，习主席的讲话将基础科学的重要性提升到了新的高度。“作为一名科学家，我深受激励，但我也同时感到强烈的责任感。”他说。

"China's development and rejuvenation depends on achieving greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology," Liu said, "Simply optimizing traditional technologies can no longer support China's socioeconomic growth. If we want to make original breakthroughs, we have to strengthen basic research."

“中国的发展和复兴取决于科学和技术方面实现更大的自主和实力，”刘说，“单纯优化传统技术已经无法继续支持中国的社会经济增长。如果我们想取得原创性的突破，我们必须加强基础研究。”

Zhang Xinrong, a professor at the College of Engineering of Peking University, said that in recent years, China has made incredible progress in science and technology, with some areas becoming global front-runners.

"Only by strengthening basic sciences, the source of innovation, can we truly take the initiative in scientific and technological progress and not be limited by other factors." he said.

北京大学工学院教授张信荣说，近年来，中国在科学和技术方面取得了令人难以置信的进展，某些领域已成为全球的排头兵。

“只有加强基础科学，即创新的源泉，我们才能真正掌握科技进步的主动权，不受其他因素的牵制。”他说。

For instance, during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, China was the first country to use carbon dioxide as a natural refrigerant for producing ice for the skating arena, resulting in higher-quality ice with less impact on the climate, compared with ice produced by using the toxic and environmentally damaging Freon gas.

This new carbon dioxide cooling technology would not have been possible without key breakthroughs in basic sciences such as supercritical fluid flow dynamics and thermodynamics, Zhang said.

例如，在2022年北京冬奥会期间，中国是第一个使用二氧化碳作为天然制冷剂为滑冰场生产冰块的国家，与使用有毒和破坏环境的氟利昂气体生产的冰块相比，质量更高，对气候影响更小。

张信荣说，如果没有基础科学的关键突破，如超临界流体流动动力学和热力学，这种新的二氧化碳冷却技术是不可能实现的。

Guo Rui, director of the Shaanxi Province Engineering Research Center for Space Breeding, said that solutions to major challenges, such as food insecurity and environmental degradation, must come from breakthroughs in basic sciences.

"Space breeding involves scientists exposing seeds to cosmic radiation and microgravity, with the hopes of creating new plant varieties with favorable traits." he said, adding that scientists are using this method to find better plant varieties that are more suited to conservation projects in northern China.

陕西省航天育种工程技术研究中心主任郭锐说，粮食不安全和环境恶化等重大挑战的解决方案必须来自基础科学的突破。

他说：“太空育种包括科学家将种子暴露在宇宙辐射和微重力下，希望创造出具有有利性状的新植物品种，”他补充说，“科学家正在利用这种方法寻找更适合中国北方保护项目的更好的植物品种。”

Deng Tao, director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, said basic research is not only important for socioeconomic growth, it can also yield key discoveries with major cultural and historical significance.

By studying ancient relics and DNA sequences, Chinese scientists discovered the close genetic relationship between ancient people from the central Chinese mainland, Taiwan, the Tibet autonomous region and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, thus providing the scientific basis for the concept of the Chinese ethnic community, Deng said.

中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所所长邓涛说，基础研究不仅对社会经济增长很重要，它还可以产生具有重大文化和历史意义的关键发现。

邓说，通过研究古代文物和DNA序列，中国科学家发现了来自中国大陆中部、台湾、西藏自治区和新疆维吾尔自治区的古代人之间的密切遗传关系，从而为中华民族共同体的概念提供了科学依据。

Guo Huadong, director-general of the International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, said that high-quality international cooperation in science and technology can facilitate basic sciences.

"The Chinese scientific community should proactively establish new global organizations and projects, and utilize international resources to support the development of China's basic sciences." he said.

可持续发展大数据国际研究中心主任郭华东说，在科学与技术方面高质量的国际科技合作可以促进基础科学。

“中国科学界应积极主动地建立新的全球组织和项目，利用国际资源支持中国基础科学的发展。”他说。

Zeng Yi, a professor at the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said China has engaged with the international community on the development and governance of artificial intelligence by sharing experiences and facilitating the ethical use of AI for sustainable development and the greater good.

中国科学院自动化研究所研究员曾毅说，中国与国际社会就人工智能的发展和管理展开交流，并通过分享经验促进人工智能的合理应用，以实现可持续发展的更大福祉。

Jin Shuanggen, vice-president for academic affairs at Henan Polytechnic University, said he was glad to see State leaders' support for both target-oriented and exploratory research. This would encourage scientists to make more original breakthroughs in basic sciences.

Stronger support for scientists working in basic research and nurturing top science talents and research teams would be critical in achieving self-sufficiency in science and technology, he added.

河南理工大学副校长金双根说，他很高兴看到国家领导人对目标导向和探索性研究的支持。这会鼓励科学家在基础科学领域取得更多原创性突破。

他补充道，加强对从事基础研究的科学家的支持，培养顶尖的科学人才和研究团队，对于实现科学技术的自给自足至关重要。

Wang Yuedan, a professor of immunology at Peking University, said sustained success in basic research requires nurturing a large number of quality scientific talents, an objective that top Chinese universities should carry out effectively.

北京大学免疫学教授王月丹说，基础研究的持续成功需要培养大量高质量的科学人才，这是中国顶尖大学应该有效执行的目标。

Yuan Lanfeng, an associate professor at the National Research Center for Microscale Material Science at the University of Science and Technology of China, said that improving science education and public science literacy would allow more people to be interested in science and potentially become scientists.

中国科学技术大学合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心副研究员袁岚峰说，改善科学教育和公众科学素养将使更多人对科学感兴趣并有可能成为科学家。

Tian Sicong, a researcher from the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that scientists working in basic research need to bravely explore uncharted territory in order to discover new insights.

中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所研究员田思聪说，从事基础研究的科学家需要勇敢地探索未知的领域，以发现新的见解。

本文2023年02月24日发表于 中国日报China Daily 《Experts hail Xi's speech on basic sciences》，原文链接：https://enapp.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202302/24/AP63f7fc3ea3103705a5f3feb2.html ，风云之声获授权转载。

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