打车时,如果司机有这种表现,请找个地方赶紧下车
导读:每10个司机里面,最多有8个是在“用命来工作”。
1
生活中,免不了要打个车。上车后,多数人可能就埋头刷手机了,等到了目的地了,在付费时才会抬头看师傅一眼。
约60%的驾驶者承认,在打瞌睡时仍然继续开车。 约40%的驾驶者承认,在过去1年中发生过在开车时打瞌睡或睡着。 约1/4的驾驶者称,自己每月至少有1次疲劳驾驶。
晚上频繁觉醒,夜尿多。 早上起来头痛。 白天嗜睡,坐着容易打瞌睡。 注意力差,记性差。 性功能减退。
男性多。 中年人多。 肥胖的人多。
司机的体重指数(BMI)≥40kg/m2。 在开车时出现疲劳或嗜睡。 有过与睡眠有关的撞车或事故。 BMI≥33 kg/m2,并伴有2型糖尿病或高血压(需要服用两种或两种以上药物)。
1 Tefft BC. Asleep at the wheel: the prevalence and impact of drowsy driving. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, Washington, DC 2010.
2 National Sleep Foundation. 2005 Sleep in America Poll.
3 Powell NB, Schechtman KB, Riley RW, et al. The road to danger: the comparative risks of driving while sleepy. Laryngoscope 2001; 111:887.
4 Howard ME, Desai AV, Grunstein RR, et al. Sleepiness, sleep-disordered breathing, and accident risk factors in commercial vehicle drivers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170:1014.
5 Stoohs RA, Bingham LA, Itoi A, et al. Sleep and sleep-disordered breathing in commercial long-haul truck drivers. Chest 1995; 107:1275.
6 Pack AI, Dinges DF, Maislin G. A study of prevalence of sleep apnea among commercial truck drivers. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Publication no. DOT-RT-02-030; US Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 2002.
7 Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J. Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered breathing. JAMA. 2000 Dec 20;284(23):3015-21. doi: 10.1001/jama.284.23.3015. PMID: 11122588.
8 Das AM, Chang JL, Berneking M, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea screening, diagnosis, and treatment in the transportation industry. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2471.
9 Das AM, Chang JL, Berneking M, et al. Enhancing public health and safety by diagnosing and treating obstructive sleep apnea in the transportation industry: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2467.
10 Powell NB, Riley RW, Schechtman KB, et al. A comparative model: reaction time performance in sleep-disordered breathing versus alcohol-impaired controls. Laryngoscope 1999; 109:1648.
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