美国财政部
公共事务办公室
2023年7月7日
以下是预定讲话稿：
感谢各位参加今天的会议，很高兴见到大家。
我此次来到北京是为了落实拜登总统去年11月与习近平主席会晤后所做的指示，深化我们与中国的沟通，包括在经济问题上的沟通。
我们认为，确保美中高层保持直接、明确的沟通渠道符合两国的最佳利益。在经济领域，与中国有关官员的定期交流有助于我们监控经济和金融风险，也有助于为两国之间建立健康的经济关系创造条件。
我认为这一点目前尤为重要，因为全球经济正面临着俄罗斯在乌克兰的非法战争以及疫情造成的持续影响等困境。
在此次访问期间，我将与中国官员讨论我们各自的经济前景。
正如我在4月份的演讲中所说，美国寻求与中国进行良性经济竞争。然而，只有当这种竞争是公平的时候，良性经济竞争才可持续，从而使双方都能从中受益。
在与中国有关官员的会晤中，我转达了从美国商界听到的担忧，包括中国使用非市场手段，如增大对中国国有企业和国内企业的补贴，并对外国企业市场准入设置壁垒等。近几个月针对美国企业的惩罚性行动令我尤感不安。
我也对中国最近宣布的针对半导体等技术中使用的两种关键金属原料的新出口管制表示关切。我们仍在评估这些行动的影响，但这提醒我们建立有韧性和多元化的供应链的重要性。
我们与中国的经济关系必须符合美国工人和企业的利益。我将始终捍卫你们的利益，并努力确保有一个公平的竞争环境。这包括与我们的盟友协调应对中国的不公平经济行为。
我还认为，转向市场改革符合中国自身的利益。基于市场的做法帮助推动了中国的快速增长，并帮助数亿人摆脱了贫困。这是一个非凡的经济成功的实例。
你们中的许多公司都知道一个公平的竞争环境如何使我们两国都受益。中国拥有庞大并且不断增长的中产阶级，消费者渴望消费美国商品和服务。
我已经明确表示，美国不寻求两国经济的全面分离。我们寻求多元化，而不是脱钩。两个世界上最大的经济体之间的脱钩将破坏全球经济稳定，而且几乎不可能做到。
我还明确表示，我们为保护国家安全所采取的行动针对的是很窄的范围，其前提完全是出于国家安全考虑，而并不是为了获得对中国的经济优势。
事实上，去年我们两国之间的贸易达到了历史最高水平。如果公平的话，贸易和投资能够支持美国国内的就业，并促进美国的创新。美国与中国之间稳定及建设性的关系符合美国工人和企业的利益。
我期待今天听到你们在中国的有关规划，以及中国的各项政策和做法对你们的业务运营产生了哪些影响。
（本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。）
Remarks by Secretary of the Treasury Janet L. Yellen at Roundtable Discussion with U.S. Businesses Operating in the People’s Republic of China (PRC)
U.S. Department of the Treasury
Thank you for joining me today. It is great to see all of you.I am here in Beijing to carry forward President Biden’s directive from his meeting with President Xi last November to deepen our communications with China, including on economic issues.We believe that it is in the best interests of both countries to make sure we have direct and clear lines of communication at senior levels. In the economic realm, regular exchanges with our Chinese counterparts can help us monitor economic and financial risks, and it can help create the conditions for a healthy economic relationship between our two countries.I believe that’s particularly important right now as the global economy faces headwinds like Russia’s illegal war in Ukraine and the lingering effects of the pandemic.During this trip, I am discussing with Chinese officials our respective economic outlooks.As I said in my speech in April, the U.S. seeks healthy economic competition with China. But healthy economic competition – where both sides benefit – is only sustainable if that competition is fair.During meetings with my counterparts, I am communicating the concerns that I’ve heard from the U.S. business community – including China’s use of non-market tools like expanded subsidies for its state-owned enterprises and domestic firms, as well as barriers to market access for foreign firms. I’ve been particularly troubled by punitive actions that have been taken against U.S. firms in recent months.I am also concerned about new export controls recently announced by China on two critical minerals used in technologies like semiconductors. We are still evaluating the impact of these actions, but they remind us of the importance of building resilient and diversified supply chains.Our economic relationship with China must work for American workers and businesses. I will always champion your interests and work to make sure there is a level playing field. This includes coordinating with our allies to respond to China’s unfair economic practices.I also think that a shift toward market reforms would be in China’s interests. A market-based approach helped spur rapid growth in China and helped lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. This is a remarkable economic success story.Many of your firms understand how a level playing field can benefit both of our countries. China has an enormous and growing middle-class, with consumers who are eager to consume American goods and services.I have made clear that the United States does not seek a wholesale separation of our economies. We seek to diversify, not to decouple. A decoupling of the world’s two largest economies would be destabilizing for the global economy, and it would be virtually impossible to undertake.I also made clear that actions we take to protect our national security are designed to be narrowly targeted – and that they are premised on straightforward national security considerations and not undertaken to gain economic advantage over China.In fact, trade between our two countries reached an all-time high last year. And if it is fair, trade and investment can support American jobs at home and promote American innovation. A stable and constructive relationship between the U.S. and China is in the interests of American workers and businesses.I look forward to hearing from you today about your plans in China, as well as how China’s policies and practices are impacting your business operations.https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy159
