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Ophthalmologist vs. Optometrist vs. Optician
Opticians are technicians who fit eyeglasses, contact lenses, and other vision-correcting devices. Optometrists examine, diagnose, and treat patients’ eyes. Ophthalmologists are eye doctors who perform medical and surgical treatments for eye conditions. The three types of eye health professionals also differ in their level of education. A job as an optician requires the shortest training, only a year or two of training after graduating high school. Preparing to become an optometrist takes about four years of optometry school after a four-year college degree. An ophthalmologist must have about eight years of medical training after a four-year college degree.
What Is an Optician? Opticians are eye care professionals but not officially “eye doctors,” and they cannot give eye exams. They are technicians trained to fit eyeglass lenses and frames and contact lenses to correct vision problems. Opticians cannot diagnose or treat eye diseases or write prescriptions. Many have one or two years of training and are licensed, but not all states require opticians to have a license.
What Is an Optometrist? Optometrists perform eye exams and vision tests, prescribe and dispense corrective lenses, detect eye abnormalities, and some can prescribe medications for eye diseases. Many people confuse the responsibilities of an optometrist and an ophthalmologist. Optometrists are not medical doctors. Instead, they have a Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree after finishing three or more years of college and four years of optometry school.
What Is an Ophthalmologist? To become an ophthalmologist, you must finish medical school and complete a residency in ophthalmology. These types of eye doctors have at least 12 years of training—four years each of undergraduate work, medical school, and post-graduate training. Ophthalmologists may provide corrective vision services (eyeglasses or contacts) or perform laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgeries to correct vision problems. They may also operate to treat such disorders as cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, macular degeneration, or strabismus (crossed eyes).