如何写出一份完美的个人简历 | 经济学人商业
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英文部分选自经济学人20240601期商业板块
商业 |巴托比专栏
如何写出一份完美的个人简历
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Imagine meeting a stranger at a party. What makes for a successful encounter? Lesson one is to heed the wisdom of a shampoo commercial from the 1980s: you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Lesson two is to remember that you do not need to wear a beret or a fur stole in order to stand out. Lesson three is not to forget that what you leave out matters as much as what you say.
想象一下在派对上与陌生人会面的场景。该怎样促成一次成功的邂逅呢？首先，谨记上世纪80年代一则洗发水广告的智慧：你永远不会有第二次机会给人留下第一印象。其次，请记住要引起关注不必非得戴贝雷帽或者穿毛披肩。第三，别忘了，适当留白和滔滔不绝一样重要。
These same principles, it turns out, apply to writing a cv. A resumé is not a list of every job you ever had. It is not your autobiography. It is, like that hair-care advert, a marketing tool. Your audience is made up of recruiters and hiring managers. Like cocktail-party guests, they do not take a long time to decide if they want to keep talking. According to one study, such professionals spend an average of 7.4 seconds skimming a job application. Your guest Bartleby has a few tips on how best to ensure that these seconds count.
事实证明，这些金科玉律同样适用于写简历。简历并不是你所有工作经历的列表，也不是你的自传。它就像那则护发广告一样，只是一个营销工具而已。受众就是招聘专员和人事经理。他们就像鸡尾酒会上的客人，不会花太多时间决定是否要继续交流。根据一项研究，内行人浏览一份求职申请平均只需7.4 秒。如何能让你的简历在这短短几秒脱颖而出，笔者有几点建议。
The cv’s number-one task is not to put the reader off. If you are thinking of adding a watermark with your initials, think again; you are trying too hard. Use a clean, simple format and avoid fancy fonts (Arial or Helvetica are fine; Century Gothic is not).
简历要过的第一关是不要让人反感。比如打上带名字首字母的水印，就可能用力过猛了。格式要简洁明了，避免花哨的字体（Arial或 Helvetica字体都可以; Century Gothic不合适）
Adding colour does not mean using a teal background. Nor does it mean using purple prose. Clichés can be a reason you are passed over for an interview. So can typos; spell-check and proofread over and over. You would be surprised how often someone forgets to include their name and contact details. Dispense with hackneyed descriptors (“cultivated and passionate professional”, “a keen eye for detail”)—facts should speak for themselves. But not all facts. You may think including your ranking on “Overwatch” is a quirky way to illustrate how quick you are on your feet. A recruiter may conclude that it shows you spend hours on the sofa tethered to a gaming console.
让简历出彩并不意味着要用蓝绿色背景，也不必使用华丽的辞藻。陈词滥调可能是你面试被拒的原因之一，拼写错误也会如此。请检查拼写并反复校阅。而且，你肯定想不到，经常有人忘写自己的姓名和联系方式。请摒弃老套的描述如“本人受过良好教育，是充满激情的专业人士”、“对细节有敏锐洞察力”等——应当陈述事实，因为事实胜于雄辩。但无需把所有事实都写进简历。你可能会认为，在简历中加上自己在游戏“守望先锋”中的排名，可以另辟蹊径，表现出自己反应敏捷。但招聘方可能会下此结论：你会花数小时在沙发上玩游戏机。
Do not hammer your cv out in an hour—take your time to polish it. Condense, filter and distil until what you are left with captures the essence of you. Anyone’s cv can fit on a page, even if you have held residencies in the world’s eight top hospitals or are Christine Lagarde. Forget the personal statement—no one has time for that. If you spent three weeks in the summer when you were 17 keeping the books in your uncle’s hardware store, no one needs to know that if you are now over the age of 25. The older you get, the more you should prioritise work experience over education.
不要在一小时内完成简历，而要慢慢打磨，浓缩内容，筛选经历，提炼要点。直到简历上的东西能体现你最重要的品质。任何人的简历都可浓缩在一页纸上，即便你曾在世界八大顶级医院都实习过，又或者你是欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德（Christine Lagarde），都要保证将简历精简在一页之内。别写个人陈述了，没人有时间去看。如果你现在已经超过25岁，17岁夏天在你叔叔的五金店当了三个星期记账员的经历就不必为人所知了。年龄越大，越应该优先突出工作经验，而非学历。
Tailor your resumé for every application by making the relevant tweaks and highlighting different areas. Otherwise you are like the bore who tells the same story to every person he meets. Not everyone—and not every recruiter—is interested in the same things. If you can quantify an accomplishment, do. A second-year law student who just completed his summer internship having worked on six m&a deals? Put that in.
每次应聘都要对简历进行调整，突出不同方面。否则就像见到谁都说同样故事的人一样，无聊至极。毕竟不是每个人，也不是每个招聘人员都对同样的事情感兴趣。若你能够量化成就，那就量化吧。像“本人为法学二年级学生，刚完成暑期实习，参与了六笔并购交易“的经历就得写进去。
Reasonable gaps in a resumé are not cause for concern. Life happens and sometimes people take time off; you do not have to explain that you spent three months between jobs hiking around Machu Picchu to clear your head and recharge your batteries. A ten-year gap from the workforce may be another matter. So might constant job-switching, which is as much of a red flag to recruiters as admitting to never having had a long-term relationship might be to a stranger at a party. But if this describes your work history then you probably have bigger problems that a cv alone, no matter how masterful, will not fix.
简历上出现合理的时间间隔也无须担心。人生无常，有时候要暂时放下工作。你不必解释你在换工作之前为了理清思绪、恢复能量，花了三个月时间在马丘比丘徒步旅行。如果远离职场长达十年，那就是另一回事了。频繁跳槽可能也是如此，就好比在聚会上向陌生人坦白你从未有过一段长期的恋爱关系一样，会让招聘人员提高警惕。但如果你的工作经历的确如此，那你很可能会面临更大的问题，仅凭简历，哪怕是再出色的简历，也于事无补。
3.red flag: a danger signal危险信号
Once you have sent your application, refrain from emailing prospective employers to see if they received it. You risk coming across as that annoying person who texts to see if their previous texts have got through.
发送申请后，不要发邮件给潜在雇主以确认他们是否收到。这样做可能会让你显得有些烦人，就像那些发短信确认之前的短信是否发送成功的人一样。
In his commencement address at Kenyon College in 2005, David Foster Wallace, an American novelist, used the metaphor of fish oblivious to the element surrounding them in order to point to the dangers of the “natural, hard-wired, default setting which is to be deeply and literally self-centred”. Your life, he implied, should illustrate an acute awareness of the outside world. So should your cv. Drafting a presentation of your skills and achievements will inevitably reflect the sovereignty and self-absorption of your “skull-sized kingdom”, as Wallace described it. So as you launch yourself into the job market, follow his counsel to young graduates to try always to be aware of their place in the greater scheme of things: “This is water…this is water.”
2005年凯尼恩学院毕业典礼上，美国小说家大卫·福斯特·华莱士（David Foster Wallace）发表演讲时，用“对周围环境一无所知的鱼”这一隐喻，来揭示“人们天生、固有、默认的内在程序导致人们深陷自我中心化的模式”带来的危害。他是在暗示，你的人生应当展现出对外界的敏锐感知，简历也同样如此。就像华莱士描述的那样，陈述个人技能和成就，难免显得你陶醉在独立掌控的“狭小的自我世界”。所以，踏入职场时，请遵循他给年轻毕业生的建议，要时刻谨记自己在大环境中所处的位置。正如他在演讲中所说：“这就是水啊......这就是水。”
Ryan，译海徜徉的一条咸鱼
Lee，爱骑行的妇女之友+Timberland粉
Octavia, 键盘手和古风爵士，逃离舒适圈，有只英短叫八爷
Clover，怀民亦未寝
Shulin，时间是个好东西
Mosy，绘本、演讲、戏剧英文教育践行者
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感想|观点
本期感想作者
Very，男，电气民工，经济学人资浅爱好者
尽管我自己写过的简历并不算多（工作多年也就换过一次工作），但面试见过的简历却是数不胜数，暂且谈谈个人的感受吧。
简历的花里胡哨或者富丽堂皇在我看来意义不大。我往往会关注三个点：
一是硬指标，这能大概率确保招到人的下限。硬指标包括性别、年龄、学历等等，一个初中毕业，年龄还偏大的，往往不太能满足我的要求，至少在写程序或者选型查阅资料（相当一部分是国外的产品）时，劣势是比较明显的。当然，硬指标只要满足（本来也不会定的太高），我往往就不会在这个方面追求更高更好的选择，因为硬指标越高，意味着其它方面也可能更好（这意味着待遇就会很高）。
满足硬指标后，我就会看一些这个岗位我最在乎的一些指标，总结来说，就是经验是否符合用人要求。一方面我会让面试者谈谈其过往工作的细节，尤其是未来要从事岗位相关的细节。细节往往很难作假，因为这种细节的谈论是相互的，即时的交流，所以假的便能一眼看出。谈论细节的另一个好处在于我能了解到面试者的思维方式和工作时所关注的重点方面，这些内容往往能够决定他是否符合我的招聘要求。此外，我也会抛出一些他可能不熟悉或者未知的问题，这些问题的应答能很好地回答他是否具有潜力和足够的应变能力。这是未来成长不可或缺的部分。
最后，可能会和HR一起，聊一些其它的方面，譬如家庭背景，为什么选择换岗位之类的，这些问题唯一的关注点就在于，应聘者是否足够稳定，当然这也是建立在上述条件都满足要求的前提下，否则我也不关心其稳不稳定了。
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愿景
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