新冠康复后，先别急着剧烈运动，还有这些事项要注意

2022-12-24 10:12

近期新冠病毒感染人数持续上升。尽管奥密克戎的致病力明显下降，但仍有不少人出现临床症状，包括发热、肌肉关节酸痛、咽喉肿痛等表现。许多人在康复后也出现了体能下降的情况。

12月19日，湖南浏阳经开区一制药企业生产车间内，工作人员在包装药物。连日来，各地新冠病毒感染后治疗药物的需求明显增长，多地药企开足马力加紧生产，加大药品供应。图源：新华社

那么，身体恢复期能不能进行运动？应该如何科学、有效地运动？一起来听听专家们的建议：

中南大学湘雅二医院心血管内科许丹焰教授指出，有心脏疾病的人在感染新冠病毒后，如果有胸痛、严重呼吸困难、心悸等症状，要及时到医院就诊。在康复后，要注意休息，冬季注意保暖并戒烟限酒，同时限制运动三至六个月。

People with heart disease should go to the hospital promptly if they have symptoms such as chest pain, severe breathing difficulties, or palpitations after contracting COVID-19. After recovery, it is important to take rest, keep warm, stop smoking and limit alcohol in winter, as well as limit exercise for three to six months.

图源：新华社

湘雅三医院心内科主任蒋卫红表示，对于核酸转阴的康复者而言，不建议立即进行剧烈运动。此时人的身体仍比较脆弱，还应继续休养。要补充必要的维生素C和优质蛋白质，保证充足的休息和睡眠。

For people recovering from the disease, immediate strenuous exercise is not recommended. At this time, the person's body is still fragile and should continue to recuperate, taking the necessary vitamin C and high-quality protein, and ensure adequate rest and sleep.

蒋卫红提醒，对于那些原来就有心脑血管疾病的患者，在新冠感染康复后过早运动往往会适得其反，加重身体负担。

没有基础疾病的康复者什么时候可以开始运动呢？

许丹焰教授指出，恢复锻炼应该在康复一周以后。如果出现咳嗽、气促、心悸等症状，则需要立即停止运动。刚开始恢复时，可以先进行一星期左右的低强度运动，包括散步、瑜伽练习等，当身体逐步适应后再进行力量训练、平衡训练等复杂运动。

Get exercise at least once a week after recovery, and if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath or palpitations occur, the exercise needs to be stopped immediately. When you first start to recover, you can begin with low-intensity exercises for about a week, including walking and yoga exercises. When the body gradually adapts, then complex exercises such as strength training and balance training can be performed.

图源：新华社

湘雅二医院重症医学科医生余波建议，运动者需要观察自己在运动时和运动后1小时的身体状况，关注自己是否有异常感觉，运动后第二天是否出现呼吸困难、心率异常、过度疲劳等情况。如果有以上情况，可以退回到低强度活动阶段并寻求医疗建议。

Exercisers need to observe their physical condition during and after exercise and pay attention to whether they have any abnormal feelings. They are suggested to check whether there is difficulty in breathing, abnormal heart rate, excessive fatigue, etc. If any of the above occur, return to the low-intensity activity stage and seek medical advice.

图源：新华社

对于刚康复的老年人，特别是有心血管病等基础疾病的老年人，不要过早进行运动。

此外，冬季气温较低，要注意保暖。一般情况下，也不要在早上进行户外运动，以免因为寒冷空气刺激，诱发疾病。

For elderly people who have just recovered, especially those with underlying diseases such as cardiovascular disease, do not exercise too early. In addition, it is important to keep warm in winter when the temperature is low. In general, outdoor exercise should also not be performed in the morning to avoid disease brought about by cold air irritation.