应该说a place to live还是a place to live in?
前几天我写了一篇文章为什么可以说libraries are a good place to study? 有读者提到了一个问题:为什么study后面不加in?
这是一个非常好的问题,简短一点的答案是:study后面省略了介词in,但这种省略只针对a place to do something结构,可以看成是place的一种特殊用法。
实际上,英语中a good place to study这一用法经常出现,比如下面的外媒标题:Is the library the best place to study?
从语法上讲,标题也可以写成 Is the library the best place to study in? 但日常使用中人们通常都将介词省去,因为读起来更加自然。
这一规则也适用于a place to live/work etc. 这类搭配,比如《麦克米伦词典》里面有这么两条例句:
(1) Is this a safe place to swim?
(2) I always think Italy would be a great place to live.
这两个句子最后面都省略了in,如果加上介词读起来反而会不太自然。
需要注意的一点是,这种省略情况只针对place这一单词成立,如果换成其他单词,那么就要加介词。举个例子,如果将句子写成:
I always think Italy would be a great country to live.
此时句子就有语法错误,因为正确的搭配是live in a country,句子要写成:
I always think Italy would be a great country to live in.
同样的道理,我们不能写:This is a great restaurant to eat. 而要写成:This is a great restaurant to eat at.
但是我们可以写:The restaurant is a great place to eat.
英国《卫报》就有一个类似的句子:It’s just a shed nestled among rows of small sailing boats waiting for the tide to come in, but The Crab Hut is a great place to eat.
由于place存在的这一特殊用法,一些语法学家也将它称为adverbial nouns,因为它同时带有名词和副词的性质。这一单词用法可以特别记住。
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