应用两种中译英翻译系统“撰写医学论文”的深度评测；写好ChatGPT的问题最为关键！
让科研和SCI论文成为临床工作的副产品。
如何使用ChatGPT做翻译？
这个问题我们之前也曾经被多次问过，寻找更有帮助的翻译系统也一直是我们在做的事情。
尤其是很多朋友写好了中文论文投稿，在写英文摘要时大伤脑筋。
由此，我们尝试了谷歌翻译、ChatGPT翻译。尤其是尝试了对于ChatGPT不同要求和不同输入格式下的结果。
中文摘要资料来源：
韦斌,蒋腾,练慧文等.阿尔茨海默病易感基因TREM2抑制小胶质细胞NLRP3炎症小体活性减轻神经炎症反应的机制研究[J].中国临床神经科学, 2022, 30(05): 487-492.
原文：
目的：明确2型髓样细胞触发受体(TREM2)抑制小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症反应的生物学机制。方法：①将人HMC3小胶质细胞与Aβ1-42(5 μmol·L-1)共培养24 h(Aβ1-42刺激组)；②使用慢病毒介导的基因调控技术对HMC3小胶质细胞的TREM2进行沉默及过表达，再与Aβ1-42(5 μmol·L-1)共培养24 h(分别为TREM2沉默慢病毒组和TREM2过表达慢病毒组)；上述干预方式均另设置相应对照组(对照沉默慢病毒组和对照过表达慢病毒组)和空白对照组(不加任何溶剂及对照慢病毒)。对上述HMC3小胶质细胞用Western blot法检测TREM2蛋白和NLRP3蛋白水平，ELISA法观察促炎介质IL-1β和IL-18浓度。结果：①Aβ1-42刺激组：HMC3小胶质细胞TREM2表达水平在Aβ1-42刺激下逐渐升高(P<0.05)；Aβ1-42刺激可上调NLRP3蛋白水平(P<0.05)，使IL-1β和IL-18浓度升高(P<0.05)。②TREM2沉默慢病毒组：沉默TREM2表达可上调NLRP3蛋白水平(P<0.05)，并升高IL-1β和IL-18浓度(均P<0.05)。③TREM2过表达慢病毒组：过表达TREM2可显著下调NLRP3蛋白水平(P<0.05)，并降低IL-1β和IL-18浓度(均P<0.05)。结论：TREM2可通过抑制小胶质细胞NLRP3炎症小体活性减轻神经炎症反应。
对于上面这段中文，如何获得最专业的英文稿呢？
我们先看谷歌翻译：
Googel Translate:
Summary:
Objective: To clarify the biological mechanism of triggering receptor on myeloid cells type 2 (TREM2) inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
Methods: ① Human HMC3 microglial cells were co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol·L-1) for 24 h (Aβ1-42 stimulation group); ② Using lentivirus-mediated gene regulation technology, HMC3 microglial cells TREM2 was silenced and overexpressed, and then co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol L-1) for 24 h (TREM2 silenced lentivirus group and TREM2 overexpressed lentivirus group respectively); the above intervention methods were set up with corresponding controls group (control silent lentivirus group and control overexpression lentivirus group) and blank control group (without any solvent and control lentivirus). The levels of TREM2 protein and NLRP3 protein were detected by Western blot method for the above-mentioned HMC3 microglial cells, and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β and IL-18 were observed by ELISA method.
Results: ①Aβ1-42 stimulation group: the expression level of TREM2 in HMC3 microglia gradually increased under Aβ1-42 stimulation (P<0.05); and IL-18 concentration increased (P<0.05). ②TREM2 silencing lentivirus group: Silencing TREM2 expression can up-regulate the protein level of NLRP3 (P<0.05), and increase the concentration of IL-1β and IL-18 (both P<0.05). ③TREM2 overexpression lentivirus group: Overexpression of TREM2 can significantly down-regulate the protein level of NLRP3 (P<0.05), and reduce the concentration of IL-1β and IL-18 (both P<0.05).
Conclusion: TREM2 can reduce neuroinflammation by inhibiting the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia.
我们再看ChatGPT的翻译。
对话：
Translate the abstract of academic article from Chinese to English in the style of NEJM journal.
ChatGPT给出的翻译是：
Objective:
To elucidate the biological mechanism by which triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) inhibits neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglia.
Methods:
HMC3 human microglial cells were co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol·L-1) for 24 hours (Aβ1-42 stimulation group). Gene regulation technology mediated by lentivirus was used to silence or overexpress TREM2 in HMC3 cells, which were then co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol·L-1) for 24 hours (TREM2 silencing lentivirus group and TREM2 overexpression lentivirus group, respectively). Corresponding control groups (control silencing lentivirus group and control overexpression lentivirus group) and a blank control group (without any solvent or control lentivirus) were also set up. The levels of TREM2 protein and NLRP3 protein were detected by Western blot in the above HMC3 cells, and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 were observed by ELISA.
Results:
In the Aβ1-42 stimulation group, the expression level of TREM2 in HMC3 microglial cells gradually increased under Aβ1-42 stimulation (P<0.05). Aβ1-42 stimulation upregulated NLRP3 protein levels (P<0.05), as well as IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations (P<0.05). Silencing TREM2 expression upregulated NLRP3 protein levels (P<0.05) and increased IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations (P<0.05). Overexpressing TREM2 significantly downregulated NLRP3 protein levels (P<0.05) and decreased IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
TREM2 can alleviate neuroinflammatory response by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activity in microglia.
因为是需要投稿给中国临床神经科学杂志，我们也让ChatGPT翻译成该杂志的格式。
对话：Translate the abstract of academic article from Chinese to English in the style of Chin J Clin Neurosci journal.
ChatGPT给出的翻译是：
Abstract:Objective: To clarify the biological mechanism of type 2 myeloid cell triggering receptor (TREM2) in inhibiting neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglia.Methods: (1) HMC3 microglial cells were co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol/L) for 24 hours (Aβ1-42 stimulation group); (2) Using lentivirus-mediated gene regulation technology to silence or overexpress TREM2 in HMC3 microglial cells, which were then co-cultured with Aβ1-42 (5 μmol/L) for 24 hours (referred to as the TREM2 silencing lentivirus group and TREM2 overexpression lentivirus group, respectively). Corresponding control groups (control silencing lentivirus group and control overexpression lentivirus group) and a blank control group (without any solvent or control lentivirus) were established for all interventions. Western blot was used to detect the levels of TREM2 and NLRP3 proteins in the above-mentioned HMC3 microglial cells, and ELISA was used to observe the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.Results: (1) Aβ1-42 stimulation group: The expression level of TREM2 in HMC3 microglial cells gradually increased under Aβ1-42 stimulation (P<0.05). Aβ1-42 stimulation increased the level of NLRP3 protein (P<0.05) and led to an increase in the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05). (2) TREM2 silencing lentivirus group: Silencing TREM2 expression increased the level of NLRP3 protein (P<0.05) and the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 (both P<0.05). (3) TREM2 overexpression lentivirus group: Overexpression of TREM2 significantly decreased the level of NLRP3 protein (P<0.05) and the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 (both P<0.05).
Conclusion: TREM2 can alleviate neuroinflammatory response by inhibiting the activity of NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia.
两个翻译结果的比较：
从翻译结果看，ChatGPT明显更胜一筹。
不仅仅在于其可以根据作者要求，区分开普通翻译还是学术翻译；而且还可以根据杂志要求，给出不同风格的翻译。
如果您把这个翻译和作者原文的翻译做一对比，会发现ChatGPT翻译的巧妙和科学。
总体来说，ChatGPT可以完成基本的学术翻译工作，但尚不足以拿来就用。
首先，就是ChatGPT输出的质量与给出的提问词最为相关；需要反复摸索，找到更准确的“提问词”才能获得准确的结果。
仍需要特别注意的是，ChatGPT擅长于套话而经常犯常识性错误，包括一些术语的错误。这显然是学术论文不能容忍的。
我们在连续试用中经常会发现ChatGPT不能区分对错、或者给出错误的答案。所以一定要作者仔细审读翻译件，以防错误的翻译；如果能够请美国本土润色来校对，则更是锦上添花。
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