精读丨猴痘，为什么突然传播这么快？
猴痘，为什么突然传播这么快？
课程导读
▸ 世卫为何将猴痘升为最高级别的国际公共卫生事件？
▸ 这么多叫做 pox 的病，有何说法？
▸ 猴痘疫情到底有多厉害？
▸ 猴痘病毒出现了多少变异？直接原因是什么？
Why is Monkeypox Evolving So Fast?
The virus circulating in the current outbreak has mutated 50 times in the past four years
Monkeypox cases continue to rise throughout the world, with more than 13,000 cases reported so far. The virus, which is rarely lethal but causes painful sores on the skin, normally lives in rodents and other animals but is now spreading rapidly among humans around the world.
来源：Scientific American
参考译文
为何猴痘进化如此之快？
疫情暴发中的病毒在过去四年中发生了 50 次变异
世界各地的猴痘病例继续上升，迄今已报告超过 13,000 例病例。这种病毒很少致命，但会导致皮肤疼痛。它通常出现在啮齿动物和其他动物身上，但现在正在世界各地的人类中迅速传播。
重点词汇
evolve /ɪˈvɒlv/ v. 进化
○ (of plants, animals, etc.) to develop over time, often many generations, into forms that are better adapted to survive changes in their environment
○ e.g. The three species evolved from a single ancestor. 这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来。
circulate /ˈsɜːkjəleɪt/ v. 传播
○ If a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another.
○ e.g. Rumours began to circulate about his financial problems. 有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。
mutate /mjuːˈteɪt/ v.（使）变异，突变
○ to develop or make sth. develop a new form or structure, because of a genetic change
○ e.g. the ability of the virus to mutate into new forms 病毒变种的能力
lethal /ˈliːθl/ adj. 致命的
○ causing or able to cause death
○ e.g. a lethal dose of poison 毒药的致死剂量
sore /sɔː(r)/ n. 皮肤发炎疼痛处，疮肿，溃疡
○ a painful, often red, place on your body where there is a wound or an infection
○ e.g. open sores 开放性溃疡
rodent /ˈrəʊdnt/ n. 啮齿动物
○ Any small animal that belongs to a group of animals with strong sharp front teeth. Mice, rats and squirrels are all rodents.
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