前两天外刊课,有同学对一句话产生很大困惑,我们一起看看: In an elegant paper looking into the performance of German fighter pilots in the second world war, researchers found that personal rivalry fuelled risk-taking behaviour. When pilots received public recognition for their exploits in a daily bulletin to the German armed forces, peers with whom they had flown in the past redoubled their own efforts. 先整体翻译一下: 在一篇关于二战时期德国飞行员士兵表现的精妙的论文中,研究人员发现个体间的争强好胜会助长冒险行为。当飞行员的英勇行为被德国军队的每日简报公开表扬时,曾与他们共同执行飞行任务的战友也会加倍努力。 重点看这句话: When pilots received public recognition for their exploits in a daily bulletin to the German armed forces, peers with whom they had flown in the past redoubled their own efforts. 译:飞行员的英勇行为被德国军队的每日简报公开表扬时,曾与他们共同执行飞行任务的战友也会加倍努力。 大家的问题在于主干句中 peers with whom they had flown in the past,whom 以及 they 到底指代谁? 我们先把这个部分的层次划分一下: peers(主语) <with whom they had flown in the past>(定语从句)redoubled(谓语) their own efforts(宾语). 定语从句引导词 whom 指代先行词 peers(其他战友),然后 with whom 在这个定语从句中做状语,they 指代前面 when 从句中那些“受表扬的飞行员”。 我们类比一下,A 和 B 是同班同学,B 受老师表扬了,A 看到B 受表扬,也会变得加倍努力。 所以我们再梳理一下这句话的逻辑关系: peers(其他战友) <with whom(其他战友)they(受表彰的飞行员) had flown in the past>(定语从句)redoubled their own efforts. 译:曾与受表彰的飞行员共同执行飞行任务的其他战友也会加倍努力。 所以,这里的 peers,whom,they 的关系都清楚了吗? 上一期:[语法] 以“-ly”结尾的,并不一定是副词! 没学过瘾吗?