“阳康”后,还要接种疫苗吗?全球权威机构推荐接种,最短间隔28天
从表1、表2可以看出,我国香港对新冠感染康复后接种疫苗的推荐最为详细。香港卫生署卫生防护中心指出[11],“阳康”人员应于康复后3-6个月内接种疫苗加强针,有特殊需要的人员可于康复后28日接种。
02 “阳康”后并不是万事大吉,
二次感染不容忽视
4.2 感染+疫苗混合免疫至关重要,能更好预防不同变异株
一项奥地利学者的研究显示,未接种疫苗仅感染Omicron BA.1变异株者血清无法对Omicron BA.1以外的其他变异株感染提供足够的保护(如图3b所示),而在Omicron BA.1感染之前已接种过疫苗者血清则对各类突变株均有较高中和能力。因此疫苗接种至关重要。[24]
参考文献:
[1] Hammerman, Ariel; et al. (2022): Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 Vaccine after Recovery from Covid-19. In The New England journal of medicine 386 (13), pp. 1221–1229. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2119497.
[2] Gazit, Sivan et al. “The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Single Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine : A Retrospective Cohort Study.” Annals of internal medicine vol. 175,5 (2022): 674-681. doi:10.7326/M21-4130
[3] WHO. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-vaccines-SAGE_recommendation-BNT162b2-2021.1 Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[4] US CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/summary-interim-clinical-considerations.pdf Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[5] UK JCVI. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1110045/COVID-19-vaccine-information-for-healthcare-practitioners-version-5.pdf Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[6] AGATI. https://www.health.gov.au/our-work/covid-19-vaccines/getting-your-vaccination/vaccination-after-covid-19-infection Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[7] Canada NACI. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/canadian-immunization-guide-part-4-active-vaccines/page-26-covid-19-vaccine.html#t5 Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[8] Israeli MoH. https://corona.health.gov.il/en/vaccine-for-covid/#:~:text=All%20Israeli%20citizens%20aged%205,for%20vaccination%20against%20COVID%2D19.&text=Even%20those%20who%20recovered%20from,result%20on%20a%20serologic%20test Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[9] South Africa DoH. https://www.knowledgehub.org.za/elibrary/interval-between-sars-cov-2-infections-and-covid-19-vaccination Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[10] NHC. https://news.china.com/socialgd/10000169/20221221/44146201.html Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[11] HK CHP. https://www.covidvaccine.gov.hk/pdf/factsheet_priorCOVID19infection_CHI.pdf Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[12] Macau CDC. https://www.ssm.gov.mo/apps1/covid19vaccine/ch.aspx#vacqna Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[13] Taiwan CDC. https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Category/QAPage/JCyOJznV52tt35_bDBeHfA Accessed 29 Dec 2022.
[14]文汇网,社交活動增 「二次感染」比率升,2022-12-09
https://www.wenweipo.com/a/202212/09/AP63924ca2e4b0e80f81192c70.html
[15]香港01,近兩周確診徘徊1.4萬至1.5萬宗 衞生署:疫情似乎穩定下來,2022-12-20
https://www.hk01.com/article/848999?utm_source=01articlecopy&utm_medium=referral
[16] Bastard J, Taisne B, Figoni J, et al. Impact of the Omicron variant on SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in France, March 2021 to February 2022. Eurosurveillance. 2022;27(13). doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.13.2200247
[17] Altarawneh HN. N Engl J Med. 2022;10.1056/NEJMc2200133. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2200133
[18] Bowe B, Xie Y, Al-Aly Z. Acute and postacute sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Nat Med. 2022;28(11):2398-2405. doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02051-3
[19] Ren X, Zhou J, Guo J, et al. Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. glob health res policy. 2022;7(1):12. doi:10.1186/s41256-022-00245-3
[20] Altarawneh, Heba N et al. “Protective Effect of Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection against Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 Subvariants.”The New England journal of medicine vol. 387,17 (2022): 1620-1622. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2209306
[21]AHPPC:https://www.health.gov.au/news/ahppc-statement-on-covid-19-winter-update-and-ongoing-health-protection-measures-to-support-our-community
[22] Hammerman, Ariel; et al. (2022): Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 Vaccine after Recovery from Covid-19. In The New England journal of medicine 386 (13), pp. 1221–1229. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2119497.
[23] Paul Kuodi, Yanay Gorelik, Hiba Zayyad et al. Association between BNT162b2 vaccination and reported incidence of post-COVID-19 symptoms: cross-sectional study 2020-21, Israel. NPJ Vaccines . 2022 Aug 26;7(1):101. doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00526-5.
[24] Rössler A, Knabl L, Laer D von, Kimpel J. Neutralization Profile after Recovery from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection. N Engl J Med. 2022. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2201607
来源:医学界
责编:张皓宇
校对:臧恒佳
编辑:毕北北
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