大咖云集！关于经济发展，各国官员和企业家们都聊了啥？

中国发展高层论坛2023年年会25日在北京钓鱼台国宾馆开幕，今年的主题是“经济复苏：机遇与合作”。作为每年全国两会后首个国家级大型国际论坛，这个会议上透露的内容引人关注。

The China Development Forum 2023 is held at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing on March 25-27. The theme of this year's forum is "Economic Recovery: Opportunities and Cooperation".

Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he was thrilled to be back to China and learned many things every time he came, while attending the ongoing China Development Forum on Saturday.

"Every time I come to China, I learn stuff, I take something back with me. It's primarily about the culture," the senior executive said in the forum. "I love that culture."

库克指出，在过去的30年时间里，“苹果与中国共同成长，我们都很享受”。他也表示，美国科技公司在中国已经有数百万开发者以及非常强大的供应链。

According to him, over the past three decades, "Apple and China grew together, and we were both enjoying…" He also noted that now the US tech giant have millions of developers and very large supply chain operations in China.

中央财经委员会办公室分管日常工作的副主任韩文秀表示，中国将今年经济增长的预期目标确定为5%左右，这既考虑了扩大就业、改善民生的需要，也考虑了潜在增长能力和各种困难挑战，留有适当的余地，体现了稳中求进。从目前的发展态势来看，实现这一目标是有把握的。

韩文秀表示，对外开放是中国的基本国策，中国将继续扩大市场准入，稳步推动规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放。继续打造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境。欢迎各国企业来华投资，也期待外商树立长远眼光。深耕中国市场，在中国投资可以“放长线钓大鱼”。

Taking reform and opening-up as the key driver of growth, the country will further expand market access and steadily advance opening-up in the respect of rules, regulations, management and standards, said Han Wenxiu, executive deputy director of the office of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs.

韩文秀说，当前，中国没有明显的通货膨胀或通货紧缩的压力，货币政策具有较大的回旋余地，中国经济金融稳定将为动荡不安的国际金融市场提供正的外溢效应。

Han added that China's economic and financial stability will have a positive spillover for the international financial market that is experiencing volatility, with the country's monetary policy having relatively large space to maneuver as inflation remains mild.

他指出，为有效应对人口负增长和老龄化，中国将建立健全生育支持政策和养老服务体系。

Efforts will also be made to address demographic challenges, including improving the policies to support childbirth and perfecting the system of elderly care services, Han said.

中国国际经济交流中心副理事长、国际货币基金组织前副总裁朱民表示，中国今年国内生产总值(GDP)增长5%左右的预期目标是一个 “审慎和可持续”的选择，在全球金融不稳定加剧的情况下，这一目标不仅有利于中国本身，也有利于世界。

China's GDP growth target of around 5 percent this year is a "prudent and sustainable" choice that will benefit not only the country itself but the world amid rising global financial instability, said Zhu Min, vice-chairman of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges.

朱民在25日举行的中国发展高层论坛上讲话 图源：中国发展高层论坛

朱民说，由于美联储在2021年落后于曲线，又在2022年过于激进地收紧，现在存在系统性风险，可能对美国金融体系和世界产生巨大影响。

As the US Federal Reserve was behind the curve in 2021 but tightened itself too aggressively in 2022, there is now a systemic risk that could have a huge impact on the US financial system and the world, said Zhu, who is also a former deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund.

“乌云正在聚集，暴风雨即将来临。”朱民指出，随着金融不稳定性的上升，世界将进入一个低增长的环境，使发展的可持续性比其他任何事情都重要。

"The cloud is gathering. The storm is coming," Zhu said at the Economic Summit of the China Development Forum 2023 on Saturday.

With the rising financial instability, the world will enter a low-growth environment, making the sustainability of development more important than anything else, according to Zhu.

朱民说：“5%的预期目标对中国来说是一个非常谨慎和可持续的目标。”他认为，中国稳定的房地产行业、回升的家庭消费和有弹性的高科技制造业投资将帮助中国在今年实现“有意义的”经济增长。

"The 5 percent target is a very prudent and sustainable target for China," Zhu said, adding that the country's stabilizing real estate sector, rebounding household consumption and resilient high-tech manufacturing investment will help the country achieve "meaningful" economic growth this year.

朱民说，中国等新兴市场和亚洲国家仍将是世界经济增长的主要贡献者，中国经济稳定和可持续增长对全球有益。希望各个国家能够精诚合作，以确保金融体系的稳定。    

美中贸易全国委员会会长克雷格·艾伦在会上表示，尽管存在挑战，美国公司和中国公司的贸易仍表现出了韧性。

Despite challenges, cooperation between American companies and their Chinese counterparts is extremely resilient, Craig Allen, president of the United States-China Business Council, said on Saturday at the ongoing the China Development Forum 2023 in Beijing.

美国对中国的出口在2022年达到历史最高水平，中国是美国农业、食品、化学品出口商的重要目的地。美国商务部的数据表明，对华出口支撑了美国近100万个就业岗位。

US exports to China reached record highs in 2022, and China remains a crucial destination for US agriculture, food, chemical exporters, and other commodities, he said, adding USCBC data suggest that about one million Americans are employed as a result of exports to China.

他认为，除贸易外，美国在中国的投资也非常重要。美国公司在中国制造的产品中有77%销售给中国当地市场，只有7%出口回美国。“我认为，这打消了美国公司仅仅是为了供应美国市场，而把工作交给中国的常见看法。”艾伦说。

Apart from trade, US investment in China is also very important, and 77 percent of what American companies make in China is sold in China for the local market and only 7 percent is exported back to the US. "I think that this dispels the common reference that American companies are simply offshoring work to China to supply the US market," Allen said.

他还希望有些领域应考虑进一步开放，比如云计算、互联网服务、农业生物技术、人类遗传物质、处理法律服务、媒体和娱乐。

He also hoped that further liberalization would be considered in areas such as cloud computing, internet services, agricultural biotechnology, human genetic material, legal services, media, and entertainment.

艾伦说，中国更有竞争力的环境和更公平的市场将促进就业、创新和经济增长。

More competitive environments, fairer markets in China will lead to jobs, efficiencies, innovation, and growth," Allen said.

编辑：朱迪齐

实习生：李嘉昱 姚欣可 傅晗淑

来源：中国日报 新华社 光明网 上海证券报 中国经济时报