想请病假，难上加难 | 经济学人商业

2022-10-26 04:10

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Business | Bartleby

商业｜巴托比

英文部分选自经济学人20221015商业版块

Business | Bartleby

商业｜巴托比

It is becoming harder to take off a sick day

想请病假，难上加难

That isn’t good for anyone

于任何人而言，这绝非益事

If you have a high temperature or are recovering from heart surgery, it is difficult to use machine tools. And if you are having a nervous breakdown, machine tools are best avoided. Sick days are the remedy. They are meant to prevent people from hurting themselves, their co-workers, customers or passers-by on the job. Working from home has flipped this logic on its head. If you can work from the kitchen table, today’s hybrid workers increasingly conclude, then why not from bed—so long as the brain is on and the Zoom camera off?

如果你发高烧或者正处在心脏手术的恢复期，操作机床将变得十分困难。如果你正处于精神崩溃状态，则最好离机床远一些。请病假是最好的解决办法，以免人们在工作中误伤自己、同事、客户或者路过的人。居家办公则颠倒了这一逻辑。现如今，灵活办公者愈发认为，如果都能在餐桌上工作，那么只要大脑在线，再把Zoom的摄像头一关，为什么不能照样在床上工作呢？

The work-from-home revolution has raised the bar for what counts as being sick. At the height of the pandemic people worked from home even with nasty symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath or nausea. Many still do. Nicholas Bloom of Stanford University has been tracking work-from-home habits since before the corona-crisis popularised them. In a recent working paper he presents the results of a randomised controlled trial at a large Chinese multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home two days a week relative to those coming in full time.

人们突然转向居家办公，这提高了请病假的标准。在疫情最严重的时候，即使出现发烧、气短或恶心等烦人的症状，人们依旧需要在家坚持工作。现在很多时候情况仍然如此。在新冠使得居家办公成为常态之前，斯坦福大学的尼古拉斯·布鲁姆（Nicholas Bloom）就一直在追踪居家办公的习惯。在最近一份研究报告中，他介绍了在中国某家大型跨国公司进行的随机对照试验结果。结果显示，与全勤员工相比，每周居家办公两天的员工请病假的天数减少了12%。

Your columnist, a guest Bartleby, can sympathise. In the past, while convalescing, she had no qualms about wrapping herself in a blanket with a hot toddy, toast and some tissues. When she got covid-19 early this summer, by contrast, she kept going with her phone and laptop sunk in the duvet. Her managers strongly urged that her work should be passed on to a colleague. For her, this was unthinkable, at least until she almost passed out.

本次巴托比专栏客座撰稿人表示感同身受。以前休病假的时候，她会把自己裹在毯子里，喝着热呼呼的托迪酒、吃着烤好的吐司，旁边备着几包纸巾，心安理得地休息。但今年初夏，哪怕感染了新冠，裹着羽绒被的她仍继续在手机和笔记本电脑上处理工作。她的经理强烈要求她将工作交接给同事处理。但她都不敢动这种念头，除非自己病得快要晕倒。

To be in bed not doing anything connotes not only physical discomfort but also cognitive impairment. Salaried workers, who are often evaluated on the basis of their input rather than output, find it hard to say they are off the game for a few days now that they don’t need to worry about spreading germs in the office. For high-achievers, putting in the hours is not a chore but a way of life. Unplanned breaks are antithetical to the pervasive anxiety to perform. As recession looms and puts future job security into question, showing yourself to be useful becomes even more important. Hybrid-work etiquette is fluid and many companies have yet to update their sick-leave rules for the new era.

躺在床上什么都不做，这不仅表明员工身体不适，也说明员工出现了认知障碍。评估授薪员工通常根据其精力投入而非工作产出。请病假后这些员工不需要担心会在办公室传播病菌，但却很难说他们在请假的这几天内工作状态无法和往常一样。对于事业成功者来说，付出时间不但不是一件苦差事，反倒是一种生活方式。意料之外的病假与普遍的业绩焦虑格格不入。经济衰退近在咫尺，未来能否保住工作都还是未知数，因此员工们更需要表明自己是有用之才。混合工作模式中的规矩不断变化，而且许多公司的病假规定尚未跟上当今时代的变化。

注释：

off one’s game: unable to perform as well as usual

Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Tapping away at a laptop and smartphone from the discomfort of a sick person’s bedroom is not as dangerous as driving a forklift. It nevertheless carries risks—both for the ill-disposed individual and their employer. And it isn’t just covid, whose common symptoms include brain fog. Any bug brings fatigue.

尽管这一切无可厚非，却也令人忧心。员工在身体抱恙的情况下还要在房间里用笔记本电脑和智能手机工作，这虽然没有驾驶叉车危险，但仍会给那些心怀不满的员工及其老板带来一定风险。这里的“病”不仅指让人出现脑雾等病症的新冠肺炎，而是也包括任何会让人感到疲惫的轻微病痛。

Being even mildly sick can impair brain function as much as high altitude, whose effect can feel like a bad hangover. It is difficult to exercise proper judgment if one cannot focus on the task at hand. It is why people with lower oxygen concentration sometimes remove protective clothes atop Mount Everest; some freeze to death. Firing off emails while feeling dizzy and depleted will put the body under further stress and also risk being incoherent. Soldiering on may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer. Digital presenteeism, for that is what such persisting amounts to, is in no one’s interest.

哪怕只是微恙，也会如同高海拔地区一样损害大脑功能，产生严重宿醉般的感觉。如果不能专注于手边的任务，则很难做出正确的判断。这就是为什么在氧气浓度较低的情况下，有的人会在珠穆朗玛峰上脱掉防护服；其中有些人却因此被活活冻死。在头晕和疲惫的时候奋笔写邮件，会让身体承受更大压力，还可能会写下语无伦次的内容。在这种情况下硬要坚持着干，可能会在更长一段时间内，让员工病情加重，效率也会更低。坚持带病上岗就是当下所说的“数字出勤主义”，这对任何一方都是有百害而无一利。

注释：

Digital presenteeism is the problem of remote employees logging on to work when it’s not expected of them, or healthy to do so.

https://www.oysterhr.com/glossary/digital-presenteeism

Resisting it is therefore important. You don’t need to have had a blood transfusion or liver transplant to feel that you have earned a bit of time off. Sleeping soundly can restore body and spirit. Staring at the ceiling gives you time to take stock of your harried life. Do not worry about being judged to be shirking. True laziness cannot be disguised—if someone is malingering, chances are that their bosses already know.

因此，拒绝带病工作尤为重要。你不必非得到输血或肝移植的程度，才能心安理得休息一下。睡一个好觉能让你迅速恢复体力和精力，盯着天花板放空能让你去花时间回顾忙碌的生活。不必担心别人会指责你工作偷懒。真正的懒汉会暴露在日光之下——如果有人装病，那他的老板很可能早已心知肚明了。

In the world of flexible working, managers can lead by example, taking the occasional day off when suffering from a cold. Why not use it as an opportunity to delegate tasks? This tends to build trust in a team and helps appraise subordinates’ strengths and weaknesses.

如今弹性工作制已蔚然成风，管理者应以身作则，在感冒时主动请假休息一天。为何不趁此机会将手头工作分派给下属呢？这往往有助于增强团队内的信任感，也能评估下属的长处与短板。

The dust will eventually settle on work habits in the hybrid era. When it comes to illness, they will hopefully settle somewhere close to where they were in pre-covid days. Being sick is part of the human condition. It is not going away. Nor should sick days. Bartleby remembers lying on the sofa recovering from a stomach bug in New York 17 years ago, undisturbed by colleagues and untroubled by thoughts of work. The next time she is ailing, she will not be on Slack. Instead, she will listen to her managers and sign off.

混合办公时代的工作规章也终将成形。请病假方面的规章制度很可能与疫情前并无太大区别。只要是人，都免不了有生病的时候，因此绝不可能废除病假。本专栏作家还记得在十七年前因为胃痛躺在纽约家中的沙发上休息，耳边没有了同事的叨扰，也不再为工作烦忧。下一次如果再生病，她不会再登陆Slack继续处理工作，而是会听从经理的建议，一键下线。

注释：

Slack: 是一个适用于业务沟通的消息发送应用程序，它将人们与他们需要的信息联系起来。Slack 将人员集中到统一的团队中，改变了组织的沟通方式。

https://slack.com/intl/zh-cn/help/articles/115004071768-%E4%BD%95%E4%B8%BA-Slack%EF%BC%9F

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