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George Washington's Biological Warfare
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George Washington's Biological Warfare

renqiulan
楼主 (文学城)

During the Seven Years' War (1756-1763) between Britain and France, George Washington was a young lieutenant colonel under his colonial master. His military experience with the British left a bitter taste in his mouth, however. He was fed up with their arrogance and ignorance, which rivaled their French counterparts'. Indeed, he minced no words in criticizing the British for playing into the hands of the Native Indians allying with the French. 

Thanks to the Native Indians, Washington later proved to be good at wearing his British enemy down on an unending trail of hazards. Like the Native Indians, he was often able to pick his battles and battlefields. Unlike the Native Indians though, he never let the British successfully divide and rule his fellow American revolutionaries.

In the course of the American Revolution (1775-1783), Washington's ragtag Continental Army appeared to be retreating most of the time. Assuming a haughty manner toward the Americans, the British army kept advancing, only to catch fever incessantly in the mosquito-infested South. Unlike the Southerners, British soldiers could hardly deal with malaria transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.* With too many sick and exhausted soldiers in tow, the British force simply couldn't fight any more. It surrendered to Washington in  Yorktown, Virginia, on October 19, 1781. The war was practically over.


Author: renqiulan


*Malaria transmission:

 

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AP33912
2 楼
Is New York City the biggest war or loss to American army? he re
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AP33912
3 楼
retreated across Hudson from Manhattan to NJ. Later a bridge the
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renqiulan
4 楼
Thank you, AP! Washington lost battles but he won the war.
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renqiulan
5 楼
A strategic retreat could be construed as a tacit advance.
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LYJiang
6 楼
败而不溃。各位晚安!
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LYJiang
7 楼
撤而不散。
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renqiulan
8 楼
谢谢先生,晚安!
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AP33912
9 楼
right, 在纽约他有九千多兵,失去两千还有七千左右,革命的种子:)
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renqiulan
10 楼
The "Long March" was a rout, but Mao ended up as the victor.
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颤音
11 楼
Washington, grits and wisdom
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颤音
12 楼
science about malaria and sickle cell anemia is interesting
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AP33912
13 楼
a luck that he read a local paper saying there was a base at 陕北。
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renqiulan
14 楼
Thanks,颤音! He's good at learning from his mistakes.
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renqiulan
15 楼
What matters is the final victory.
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renqiulan
16 楼
Mosquitoes did Washington's bidding, interestingly.
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AP33912
17 楼
good point, there is no if about history.
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shuier
18 楼
It seems that Qiulan has already called it a night.
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寒苇
19 楼
Yes, that was a disaster.
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寒苇
20 楼
Yes, it was a retreat.
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寒苇
21 楼
I think so.
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寒苇
22 楼
+100
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寒苇
23 楼
That's a great point.
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寒苇
24 楼
This is an interesting footnote.
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唐宋韵
25 楼
Thank 秋兰. Very interesting story. I only knew people with

Sickle-cell trait are not as affected by malaria compared to normal population.  Maybe American troops had better way to avoid mosquito bite than the British, rather than they were physiologically special in antagonizing malaria… I’ll check further.

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寒苇
26 楼
The finish line is the bottom line.
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寒苇
27 楼
Right on.
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寒苇
28 楼
Indeed, it's serious but also interesting.
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寒苇
29 楼
He probably did.
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shuier
30 楼
Yes, it's a great loss.
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shuier
31 楼
True.
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shuier
32 楼
Insightful, Mr. Jiang.
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shuier
33 楼
This is a historical fact.
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shuier
34 楼
Right on.
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shuier
35 楼
True.
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shuier
36 楼
This was a great loss. But the war went on.
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寒苇
37 楼
Of course.
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寒苇
38 楼
That's in every American history textbook
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寒苇
39 楼
A good sum-up.
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寒苇
40 楼
Indeed, Mao got the last laugh.
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寒苇
41 楼
No question about it.
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寒苇
42 楼
Washington hung on and hung tough.
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寒苇
43 楼
That's definitely the case.
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寒苇
44 楼
Goodnight, Mr. Jiang!
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寒苇
45 楼
No pain. No gain.
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shuier
46 楼
Goodnight, Mr. Jiang!
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shuier
47 楼
Of course, it's a good point.
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shuier
48 楼
You can say that again.
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shuier
49 楼
Indeed it is.
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shuier
50 楼
Well said.
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shuier
51 楼
Accurate.
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shuier
52 楼
But Washington lived to fight another day.
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shuier
53 楼
Malaria sapped the British strength.
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shuier
54 楼
Again well said.
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寒苇
55 楼
Goodnight, Qiulan!
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shuier
56 楼
Goodnight, Qiulan!
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花似鹿葱
57 楼
华盛顿的伟大在于他的清醒与坚定,无论在艰难还是胜利中。历史也证明,在人家的领土上作战必败。没有战略纵深
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lovecat08
58 楼
政治家,军事家。
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renqiulan
59 楼
谢谢唐宋君!土著对本土传染病多有抗疫力,对外来的就难说。请考虑将有关资料疏理一下后发帖。再谢。
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renqiulan
60 楼
花姐早安!“Strategic depth”, 应该就是所谓“战略纵深”吧。锐见!英军收买人心不成功,终败。
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renqiulan
61 楼
猫姐早安!华盛顿兵力、装备等等都严重不足,然而佔地理、人心上的优势,类游击战是最可行的选项,历史证明他是对的。
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renqiulan
62 楼
Thank you, Wei Wei!
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renqiulan
63 楼
Thank you, Shuier!
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renqiulan
64 楼
Thank you, Mr Jiang!
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renqiulan
65 楼
True.
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renqiulan
66 楼
Quite interesting. Thank you, AP!
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renqiulan
67 楼
Absolutely.
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renqiulan
68 楼
LOL
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renqiulan
69 楼
Give credit to this guerrilla mentality.
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renqiulan
70 楼
Washington could always circle back.
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renqiulan
71 楼
It goes without saying.
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renqiulan
72 楼
An excellent point, Wei Wei!
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renqiulan
73 楼
Washington just hung in there, which paid off eventually.
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renqiulan
74 楼
This was Washington's way to keep his enemy at bay.
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AP33912
75 楼
you two remind me of 相声(duet talk show:)
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renqiulan
76 楼
For Washington, humility didn't mean humiliation
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AP33912
77 楼
What is ur opinion on Mao's 沁园春·雪@end of Long March/retreat

Plus and minus

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renqiulan
78 楼
You got it.
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renqiulan
79 楼
Washington always knew how & when to cut his losses.
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renqiulan
80 楼
War is cruel, but surrender may even be more cruel.
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renqiulan
81 楼
That's the gist.
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renqiulan
82 楼
Good Morning, Wei Wei!
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renqiulan
83 楼
Good Morning, Shuier!
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唐宋韵
84 楼
疟疾比较特别,它是疟原虫感染,不同于细菌或病毒感染,无法产生有效抗体。自然选择若导致的土著抗性强,不知是何机理。要查查。
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renqiulan
85 楼
谢谢!恕不苟同。请唐宋君在本坛另行专题发帖,我来回应。好吗?
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