特朗普在南卡罗来纳州发表总统竞选演讲：2024年大选是我们拯救美国的唯一机会！（附视频&摘要稿）

当地时间1月28日，美国前总统特朗普分别在新罕布什尔州和南卡罗来纳州正式启动2024年总统竞选活动。美媒称，这是特朗普自去年11月宣布参选以来的首个公开行程，他试图提振两个多月以来低迷的声势。在这两个具有大选“风向标”意义的州，特朗普称自己“比以往任何时候都更愤怒，也更坚定”，他将矛头对准美国总统拜登及其政策，称是拜登“让我们处在第三次世界大战的边缘”。多家媒体注意到，特朗普的竞选“开跑”较以往的“热闹集会”更加低调，但还是难掩其影响力下滑的事实。有舆论担忧，随着混乱的选举季开锣，选举暴力可能会在2024年卷土重来。

作为目前唯一正式宣布角逐2024年总统大选的主要参选人，现年76岁的特朗普当天在新罕布什尔州共和党年会上说：“我们需要一位在第一天就做好准备的领导人……我们需要一位能够管理（美国）整个系统和能够获胜的总统。”对于媒体质疑其竞选开局不顺、动力不足，特朗普表示：“我现在比以往任何时候都更愤怒，也更坚定。”当天晚些时候在南卡罗来纳州的演讲中，特朗普还声称，“2024年大选是我们拯救美国的唯一机会”。

在28日的两场竞选演讲中，特朗普强调了拜登领导下的“美国惨象”，抨击了美墨边境的非法移民，指责其他国家故意将“罪犯和患有精神疾病的人”送到美国。他发誓要扭转美国通货膨胀，确保美墨边境安全，并巩固美国作为全球大国的地位。特朗普表示，“由于软弱和无能，拜登将我们带到了第三次世界大战的边缘”。特朗普还称，如果他继续执政，那么俄罗斯和乌克兰之间永远不会发生冲突，一开始这场冲突就应该以协议结束，而不是向基辅提供援助。他扬言自己“可在24小时内通过谈判达成和平协议”，解决俄乌冲突。《华盛顿观察家报》称，特朗普试图重振他在2016年大选中作为“体制反叛者”的形象。

美国下届总统选举定于2024年11月5日投票，争夺候选人提名的党内预选同年年初开始，共和党总统候选人将于7月15日至18日举行的该党全国代表大会上公布。在美国大选年，新罕布什尔州和南卡罗来纳州被视为潜在的“造王者”。在首批举行共和党总统候选人提名初选的3个州中，新罕布什尔州和南卡罗来纳州占据了两个位置，这使得它们在提名初选中拥有巨大的影响力。2016年的党内初选中，特朗普赢得艾奥瓦州和新罕布什尔州之后，顺势拿下南卡州，就此巩固他作为共和党总统候选人的地位。拜登2020年在开场两州初选中表现不佳，但第三站拿下南卡州后便逆转选情。

The South Carolina statehouse’s second floor is a study in profound historical contradictions. A full plaque engraved with the state’s resolution seceding from the Union in 1860 faces a portrait of Mary McLeod Bethune. A statue of John C. Calhoun stands feet away from where Nikki Haley announced that Tim Scott would be the first Black senator since Reconstruction and where she, years later, finally removed the Confederate flag from the state capitol grounds.

南卡罗来纳州州政府大楼的二楼是对深刻的历史矛盾的研究。一块刻有该州1860年脱离联邦决议的完整牌匾面对着玛丽-麦克劳德-白求恩的画像。一座约翰-C-卡尔霍恩的雕像矗立在距离尼基-海利宣布蒂姆-斯科特将成为重建以来第一位黑人参议员的地方，多年后，她终于在这里将邦联旗帜从州议会大厦的场地上移走。

It’s also the place where Donald Trump tried to brand himself as both an incumbent and an insurgent while being neither.

这也是唐纳德-特朗普试图将自己打造成既是现任者又是叛乱者的地方，而他自己却不是。

In the first public event since he announced his 2024 presidential campaign, the former president struggled to achieve the synthesis of the anti-establishment impulses that helped him capture the presidency in 2016 or the air of total control and inevitability that led him to avoid any serious primary challenge in 2020 despite colossal midterm losses — and the first of what would be two impeachments.

在他宣布参加2024年总统竞选后的第一次公开活动中，这位前总统努力实现反体制冲动的综合，这种冲动帮助他在2016年夺得了总统职位，也帮助他在2020年避免了任何严重的初选挑战，尽管中期选举出现了巨大的损失--以及两次弹劾的第一次。

Introducing Trump, first-term Rep. Russell Fry declared, “Never before in the history of the South Carolina primary has a presidential candidate received this much support this early in the day.”

在介绍特朗普时，第一任众议员拉塞尔-弗莱宣称："在南卡罗来纳州初选的历史上，从来没有一个总统候选人在这么早的时候就得到这么多的支持。"

More than a year before the primary, Trump unveiled the backing of the state’s governor, lieutenant governor, senior senator, and three of its six Republican members of Congress. It would be an astonishing lineup of endorsements for an insurgent candidate. When Trump was endorsed by then-Lt. Gov. Henry McMaster in 2016, that alone made national headlines. But Trump is no longer a political outsider: He is a former president. If he went to any state before his 2020 reelection bid where half of the congressional delegation didn’t show up, he would be viewed as weak.

在初选前一年多，特朗普公布了该州州长、副州长、资深参议员以及六名共和党国会议员中的三名的支持。这对一个叛乱的候选人来说是一个惊人的支持阵容。2016年，当特朗普得到时任副州长亨利-麦克马斯特(Henry McMaster)的支持时，仅这一点就成为全国性的头条新闻。但特朗普不再是一个政治局外人。他是一位前总统。如果他在2020年竞选连任之前去任何一个国会代表团有一半人没有出现的州，他就会被视为软弱。

The question is how to interpret just what the former president’s political strength is right now. No defeated former president has mounted a comeback bid since Grover Cleveland, who was controversial for his support for lower tariffs as opposed to, say, inspiring an attack on the US Capitol in an effort to overturn a presidential election. Other Republicans, of course, see Trump as vulnerable. It was pointed how he appeared in a space with such political significance to potential rivals like Nikki Haley or Tim Scott and while other potential rivals like Ron DeSantis sniff around.

问题是如何解释这位前总统现在的政治力量是什么。自格罗弗-克利夫兰(Grover Cleveland)以来，没有任何一位落败的前总统发起过东山再起的行动，他因支持降低关税而备受争议，而不是激发对美国国会大厦的攻击，试图推翻一次总统选举。当然，其他共和党人认为特朗普是脆弱的。有人指出，他是如何出现在对尼基-哈利或蒂姆-斯科特这样的潜在对手具有如此大的政治意义的空间里，而其他潜在对手如罗恩-德桑蒂斯则在一旁嗅着。

Joe Wilson, a longtime Republican Congress member in the state, told Vox that Trump was “much stronger” than he was in 2016 when he faced his last competitive primary election in the Palmetto State. Wilson, who was supporting Trump, thought that the former president had “a real leg up” based on his record in the White House and cited what “he did for our country for jobs, for economic development, for national security, for the military, to the courts.”

该州的长期共和党国会议员乔-威尔逊(Joe Wilson)告诉沃克斯，特朗普比他2016年在棕榈州面临最后一次竞争性初选时 "强大得多"。支持特朗普的威尔逊认为，根据他在白宫的记录，这位前总统有 "真正的优势"，并列举了 "他为我们国家的就业、经济发展、国家安全、军队和法院所做的事情"。

The challenge is whether Trump can recapture the magic that helped propel his unprecedented 2016 presidential campaign this time around. His speech was a familiar mix of bellicose rhetoric off a teleprompter and an array of Trumpian riffs where he informed attendees about topics like the Taliban’s treatment of dogs and the fact that he, a millionaire real estate developer, is not much of a cook.

挑战在于，特朗普这次是否能重拾帮助推动其史无前例的2016年总统竞选的魔力。他的演讲是一个熟悉的混合体，既有提词器上的好战言论，也有一系列特朗普式的废话，他向与会者介绍了塔利班对待狗的情况以及他这个百万富翁房地产开发商并不擅长烹饪的事实。

It also laid bare the contradictions facing his campaign. He started off with a denunciation of “RINOs” while standing next to Sen. Lindsey Graham, a comparative moderate in the modern Republican Party — the sort of Republican Trumps needs to win the nomination again. Graham was later heckled by the crowd because he did not accept Trump’s false claims about the 2020 elections. Trump went on to denounce electric cars next to McMaster, who has pushed for South Carolina’s automotive industry to become a center of EV manufacturing.

这也暴露了他的竞选活动所面临的矛盾。他一开始就谴责了 "RINO"，同时站在林赛-格雷厄姆(Lindsey Graham)参议员身边，格雷厄姆是现代共和党中相对温和的人--特朗普需要这样的共和党人来再次赢得提名。格雷厄姆后来被人群嘲笑，因为他不接受特朗普关于2020年选举的虚假说法。特朗普在麦克马斯特旁边继续谴责电动汽车，他曾推动南卡罗来纳州的汽车工业成为电动汽车制造中心。

Earlier in the day, Trump spoke at the New Hampshire state GOP convention. There, the former president tried to reinforce his commitment to the race after not campaigning publicly for months, telling the crowd, “I’m more angry now and I’m more committed now than I ever was,” in the course of a Trump stemwinder of the type the former president often delivered in 2016.

当天早些时候，特朗普在新罕布什尔州共和党大会上发言。在那里，这位前总统试图加强他在几个月没有公开竞选后对竞选的承诺，他告诉人群："我现在比以前更愤怒，我现在比以前更坚定。"在演讲过程中，特朗普对前总统在2016年经常发表的那种言论进行了抨击。

The question is just how committed he will be in the course of the nearly two years remaining in the 2024 campaign. The former president is no longer the television personality who can lob bombs freely at all comers ranging from elected officials to Rosie O’Donnell based on his moods and the promise that his much-touted real estate expertise can solve all problems.

问题是，在2024年竞选剩下的近两年时间里，他究竟会有多大的决心。这位前总统不再是那个可以根据自己的情绪和他大肆吹嘘的房地产专业知识可以解决所有问题的承诺，向从民选官员到罗西-奥唐纳(Rosie O'Donnell)等所有来者随意投掷炸弹的电视人物。

But he also isn’t the all-powerful president of the United States with all the resources that provides. Trump is caught in a middle ground without any measuring stick to gauge how he’s doing or precedent to put him in perspective. Instead, he has to navigate a maze of contradictions where it’s hard to tell just what Trump is or how he fits in — save, of course, the fact that no one is confusing him with Grover Cleveland.

但他也不是全能的美国总统，不具备所有提供的资源。特朗普陷入了一个中间地带，没有任何衡量标准来衡量他的表现，也没有先例来让他看清自己。相反，他必须在一个充满矛盾的迷宫中航行，很难说清特朗普是什么，也很难说清他如何融入其中--当然，除了没有人把他和格罗弗-克利夫兰混为一谈这一事实。

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