昔日下属成特朗普“强敌”？！妮基·黑莉正式参选2024年美国总统，这位50岁印度裔女性凭什么？（附视频&解说稿）
当地时间2月14日，据美国《华盛顿邮报》消息，美国前驻联合国大使、前南卡罗来纳州州长妮基·黑莉在一段视频中正式宣布，她将在2024年竞选总统。黑莉在视频中说，“华盛顿一次又一次地让我们失望。现在是时候迎来新一代领导人了。”50岁的她，成为挑战特朗普共和党总统候选人提名的首位重要共和党人。
黑莉出生于南卡罗来纳州班伯格市，父母是印度裔移民。她在视频中开篇谈到了她成长时感受到非常“与众不同”。她说：“铁轨按种族划分了这个小镇。我是印度移民的女儿，不是黑人，也不是白人。我是与众不同的。但我妈妈总是说，你的工作不是关注差异，而是关注相似之处。我的父母每天都提醒我和我的兄弟姐妹，我们生活在美国是多么的幸运。”
作为全国女企业家协会的前主席，她于2004年首次当选为南卡罗来纳州众议院议员。六年后，她在2010年成为该州第一位当选的女性州长，在2011年上任时成为美国最年轻的州长，并在2014年连任。2016年11月，她在第二个任期中辞职，成为特朗普政府的美国驻联合国大使，并工作到2018年底。
在她的视频中，黑莉吹捧了她两度当选南卡罗来纳州州长的经历，以及在任期间展现出的领导力。她还强调了她的外交经验，并提到了她担任联合国大使期间“见过邪恶”。
如果在初选中获胜，黑莉将成为共和党提名的第一位女性和第一位亚裔总统候选人。据美国《国会山报》2月2日报道，美国前总统特朗普曾猛烈抨击了多名2024年美国总统选举的共和党籍潜在竞争对手，他指责前美国驻联合国代表尼基·黑莉（Nikki Haley ）“野心过大”，指责佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯（Ron DeSantis）和弗吉尼亚州州长格伦·杨金（Glenn Youngkin）“忘恩负义”。
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Michael Tabb: This is Nikki Haley.
She’s the former governor of South Carolina and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations under former President Donald Trump.
Now she’s challenging Trump in the GOP primary for president.
Haley is the daughter of Indian Sikh immigrants, and she’s one of the highest-profile women of color in the Republican Party.
To understand more about her, I reached out to my colleague Amelia Thomson-DeVeaux, who’s covering her campaign for FiveThirtyEight.
Tabb: Hey, Amelia, just to get straight into it: Who is Nikki Haley? Amelia Thomson-DeVeaux: Nikki Haley was elected governor of South Carolina in 2010.
She wasn't the favorite, but she had the support of Republican Party heavyweights like Sarah Palin, went on to win the primary, and then, of course, the general election to be the first female governor of South Carolina and the second Indian governor in the whole country.
Tabb: Haley grew up working for her family’s gift and clothing business.
Starting in 2005, she served in South Carolina’s state House before being elected governor.
Haley has gotten a lot of attention over her career from the way she talks about race.
Haley has said she was bullied growing up and faced discrimination throughout her life, but she does not believe America is a racist country.
Thomson-DeVeaux: I would say her profile really began to rise in 2015, after the racially motivated murders of people at a Black church in Charleston.
In the wake of that shooting, which obviously got national attention and national mourning, she advocated to have the Confederate flag taken off the South Carolina state House.
And that response really helped cement her status as a leader in the Republican Party.
Tabb: Her relationship with Trump, though, has complicated things.
In 2016, Haley endorsed Marco Rubio, then Ted Cruz.
After Trump won the GOP nomination, she said she was still “not a fan” but would vote for him.
Still, Trump appointed her ambassador to the United Nations, and she became the first woman and person of color named to his cabinet.
She served in the administration for two years, forcefully defending Trump’s agenda at the UN.
Nikki Haley: America will put our embassy in Jerusalem.
That is what the American people want us to do.
And it is the right thing to do.
No vote in the United Nations will make any difference on that.
But this vote will make a difference on how Americans look at the UN, and on how we look at countries who disrespect us in the UN.
Tabb: Then things took a turn.
Haley resigned as ambassador in 2018.
After the Jan. 6 insurrection, she argued Trump no longer had a place in the Republican Party — though she later changed her mind.
Thomson-DeVeaux: Nikki Haley is a fairly standard conservative.
I don't think you'll find her taking stances that are really outside the mainstream of anyone who's likely to run in this Republican primary.
But she has talked about race a little differently than other Republicans, because of her background.
Tabb: Do we have any early polling about Haley's name recognition and support? Thomson-DeVeaux: We do.
So Haley is going into the race with lower name recognition than, of course, Trump and several other candidates who we think are likely to run, including Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis and former Vice President Mike Pence.
Her name recognition is substantially lower than any of those candidates.
Her favorability is not as high as DeSantis or Trump, who are both well-known.
But there's a possibility that as Republican voters get to know her, that will change.
Tabb: What will you be looking at in the next couple of months to see how Haley's campaign is going and how the overall race is looking for Republicans? Thomson-DeVeaux: Specifically thinking about Haley, I'm going to be looking for how she introduces herself to the Republican primary electorate, and whether she's able to present herself as a unique alternative to Trump, who can bring the Republican Party into a new generation while also being strong enough as a candidate to defeat an incumbent president like Joe Biden, assuming he's also running.
Tabb: Thanks so much, Amelia.
I really appreciate it.
Thomson-DeVeaux: Thanks, Michael.
Great talking to you.
据悉，现年51岁的黑莉来自南卡罗来纳州的一个移民家庭，因此，在被曝参选美国总统后，她的印度裔身份吸引了国内外的广泛关注。与黑莉不同的是，其他还未宣布竞选的潜在政客，并不打算早早暴露自己，因为他们担心会成为特朗普的攻击目标。
除了印度裔的身份外，黑莉的政治之路也引起外界注意。她不仅是南卡罗来纳州的第一位女性州长，还是特朗普执政时期的美国常驻联合国代表。任期内，黑莉始终奉行“美国优先”政策，在伊核、巴以等问题上表现得十分强硬，此外，在与美国相关的决策中，她也发挥了关键作用。
事实上，黑莉一直怀有入主白宫的理想，早在特朗普执政期间，她就十分注重自己的公众形象，甚至还因此与其他白宫官员发生争执。在特朗普麾下工作两年后，黑莉突然宣布辞职，这让不少人开始猜测，她可能盯上总统之位意欲取代特朗普。
有意思的是，早在两年前，黑莉曾对外声称，不会和特朗普同时竞选，但事实证明，情况已经发生变化，上月初，她在接受美媒采访时，就做出了与此前不同的表态，暗示自己或许能成为新的“领导者”。
对于黑莉的决定，特朗普的态度也相当矛盾，据他所说，消息被曝不久前，黑莉曾主动打电话征询他的意见，尽管他特意强调了黑莉此前“不参选”的态度，但最终，特朗普仍然表现得十分“大方”，不仅对她加以鼓励，还表示不会阻止黑莉参加竞选。
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