法律翻译｜美国蒙大拿州对TikTok实施全面禁令——蒙大拿州参议院419号法案

译者：龚雨燕 外交学院

一审：邓雅元 复旦法本

二审：晏世伟 PKU LL.B

编辑：杜宜臻 范德堡大学

责编：王有蓉 中国政法大学

WHEREAS, the People's Republic of China is an adversary of the United States and Montana and has an interest in gathering information about Montanans, Montana companies, and the intellectual property of users to engage in corporate and international espionage; and

鉴于中国是美国和蒙大拿州的对手，且其致力于收集蒙大拿州居民、蒙大拿州公司和用户知识产权有关情报以从事商业和国际间谍活动；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok is a wholly owned subsidiary of ByteDance, a Chinese corporation; and

鉴于TikTok是一家中国公司字节跳动的全资子公司；以及

WHEREAS, the People's Republic of China exercises control and oversight over ByteDance, like other Chinese corporations, and can direct the company to share user information, including real-time physical locations of users; and

鉴于中国政府会像对待其他中国公司一样，对字节跳动实行控制和监管，并可以指示该公司分享用户信息，包括用户的实时地理位置；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok gathers significant information from its users, accessing data against their will to share with the People's Republic of China; and

鉴于TikTok收集其用户的重要信息，违背他们的意愿获取数据并与中国政府分享；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok fails to remove, and may even promote, dangerous content that directs minors to engage in dangerous activities, including but not limited to throwing objects at moving automobiles, taking excessive amounts of medication, lighting a mirror on fire and then attempting to extinguish it using only one's body parts, inducing unconsciousness through oxygen deprivation, cooking chicken in NyQuil, pouring hot wax on a user's face, attempting to break an unsuspecting passerby's skull by tripping him or her into landing face first into a hard surface, placing metal objects in electrical outlets, swerving cars at high rates of speed, smearing human feces on toddlers, licking doorknobs and toilet seats to place oneself at risk of contracting coronavirus, attempting to climb stacks of milkcrates, shooting passersby with air rifles, loosening lug nuts on vehicles, and stealing utilities from public places; and

鉴于TikTok不仅未能删除甚至可能帮助宣传引导未成年人从事危险活动的危险内容，包括但不限于：向行驶中的汽车投掷物体、服用过量药物、点燃镜子后试图仅用一人的身体扑灭、制造缺氧诱发昏迷、用感冒药炖煮鸡肉、朝他人脸上泼热蜡、试图绊倒毫无戒心的路人致其脸部着地，头骨破裂、将金属物品插入电源插座、驾车时高速转向、将人类粪便涂抹在幼儿身上、舔门把手和马桶座以增加感染新冠风险、试图爬上成堆的牛奶箱、用气枪射击路人、将车辆的轮胎螺帽拧松，以及从公共场所偷窃水电；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok's stealing of information and data from users and its ability to share that data with the Chinese Communist Party unacceptably infringes on Montana's right to privacy; and

鉴于TikTok窃取用户信息和数据的行为以及其与中共分享这些数据的可能性，可推定蒙大拿州的隐私权遭到了不可接受的侵犯；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok's continued operation in Montana serves as a valuable tool to the People's Republic of China to conduct corporate and international espionage in Montana and may allow the People's Republic of China to track the real-time locations of public officials, journalists, and other individuals adverse to the Chinese Communist Party's interests; and

鉴于TikTok在蒙大拿州的持续运营构成中国在蒙大拿州进行商业和国际间谍活动的有力工具，且可能使中国政府得以实时跟踪政府官员、记者和其他不利于中共利益的个人的位置；以及

WHEREAS, TikTok's allowance and promotion of dangerous challenges threatens the health and safety of Montanans.

鉴于TikTok对危险挑战的允许和宣传威胁到蒙大拿州居民的健康和安全。

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:

本法案由蒙大拿州立法机构颁布：

Prohibition-Penalty-Enforcement-Definition

禁止-处罚-执行-定义

(1) Tiktok may not operate within the territorial jurisdiction of Montana. An entity violates this prohibition when any of the following occurs within the territorial jurisdiction of Montana:

(1) TikTok不得在蒙大拿州领土管辖范围内运营。如果蒙大拿州领土管辖范围内出现以下任何一种情况，则该实体违反了这一禁止规定：

(a) the operation of tiktok by the company or users; or

(a) 公司或用户运营TikTok;或

(b) the option to download the tiktok mobile application by a mobile application store.

(b) 应用商店提供TikTok的下载服务;

(2) An entity that violates a provision of this section is liable in the amount of $10,000 for each discrete violation and is liable for an additional $10,000 each day thereafter that the violation continues.

(2) 对违反本条规定的实体的每次不连续违法行为处10,000美元罚款，对此后持续违法的每日加处10,000美元罚款。

(3) It is an affirmative defense to this section if the violating entity could not have reasonably known that the violation occurred within the territorial jurisdiction of Montana.

(3) 违法实体不知道也不应当知道违法行为发生在蒙大拿州领土管辖范围内的，成立对本条规定的积极抗辩。

(4) Penalties under this section do not apply to law enforcement activities, national security interests and activities, security research activities, or essential government uses permitted by the governor on the information technology system of the state.

(4) 本条规定的处罚不适用于执法活动、国家安全利益和活动、安全研究活动或州长允许的在信息技术系统上的必要政府用途。

(5) Penalties in this section do not apply to users of tiktok.

(5) 本条规定的处罚不适用于TikTok的用户。

(6) The department of justice shall enforce the provisions of this section.

(6) 司法部负责本条规定的实施。

(7) As used in this section, the following definitions apply:

(7) 本条中适用以下定义：

(a) "Discrete violation" means each time that a user accesses tiktok, is offered the ability to access tiktok, or is offered the ability to download tiktok.

(a) “不连续的违法行为” 是指用户每次被赋权访问TikTok，或被赋权下载TikTok。

(b) "Entity" means a mobile application store or tiktok.

(b) “实体”指应用商店或TikTok。

(c) "Mobile application" means a type of software program designed to run on a mobile device.

(c) “应用程序” 是指一种设计用于在移动设备上运行的软件程序。

(d) "Territorial jurisdiction" means all places subject to the criminal jurisdiction of Montana.

(d) “领土管辖范围” 指受蒙大拿州刑事管辖的所有地方。

(e) "Tiktok" means the social networking service owned by the Chinese company bytedance limited or any successors.

(e) "TikTok "是指由中国字节跳动有限公司或其任何继承者所有的社交网络服务。

Codification Instruction

汇编说明

[Section 1] is intended to be codified as an integral part of Title 30, chapter 14, and the provisions of Title 30, chapter 14, applies to [section 1].

第1条将被编入《蒙大拿州法典》第30篇第14章，且第30篇第14章的规定适用于第1条。

Severability

可分割性

Each part of [this act] is severable. If any part of [this act] is invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, all valid parts remain in effect. If a part of [this act] is invalid in one or more of its applications, only those applications may be void and the remaining valid applications remain in effect as severable from the invalid applications and parts.

本法案的每一部分都是可分割的。如果本法案的任何部分无效、非法或无法执行，剩余有效部分仍然有效。如果本法案的某一部分在一次或多次适用中无效，只有这些适用可能是无效的，其余的有效适用仍然有效且可与无效的适用和部分分开。

Contingent Voidness

无效情形

[This act] is void if tiktok is acquired by or sold to a company that is not incorporated in any other country designated as a foreign adversary in 15 C.F.R. 7.4 at the time tiktok is sold or acquired.

如果TikTok被收购或出售给其他公司，且收购或出售时购买方公司注册地非《美国联邦法规汇编》第15编第7章第4部分列为外国对手的任何其他国家，则本法案无效。

Effective Date

生效日期

[This act] is effective January 1, 2024.

本法案于2024年1月1日生效。

原文链接：

https://leg.mt.gov/bills/2023/billpdf/SB0419.pd