加沙：援助物资仅为每人每天29毫升水 | 经济学人
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思维导图：
May Li，男，我要去追逐心中的太阳，还要继续努力的亚古兽
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Middle East and Africa | Gaza’s civilians
中东与非洲 | 加沙的平民
All parties are blaming each other for the dire situation in Gaza
加沙局势严峻，各方相互指责
Aid deliveries work out at 29ml of water per person a day
援助物资仅为每人每天29毫升水
Life in gaza, for many, is now all about walking and waiting. People walk to water trucks and wells, to bakeries, to wherever someone has some food to distribute. Then they wait, often for hours; sometimes they go home empty-handed. At night they wait for dawn, which usually brings a lull in Israel’s bombardment, and a chance to catch a few hours of sleep.
对许多生活在加沙的民众来说，如今能做的只有行走和等待。人们走到水车和水井边，走到面包店，走到任何能领到食物的地方。然后他们便在那儿等着，通常要等上好几个小时；时而空手而归。他们在夜晚等待黎明，在以色列轰炸此地后，人们常常要在黎明才能迎来平静，终于也难得睡上几个小时。
The 2.2m people in Gaza have now endured more than a month of war and near-total siege. Some are also nearing a month of displacement. Since October 13th Israel has repeatedly told the 1.1m inhabitants of northern Gaza to flee south. About three-quarters are thought to have heeded the warning. There are fewer Israeli strikes in the south, but it is hardly safe: on November 7th, for example, one Palestinian was killed and nine others injured in a strike on a school in Khan Younis, the first city south of the evacuation line.
一个多月以来战火纷飞，加沙地带被近乎全方位围困，该地区的220万居民生活在水深火热之中。有些人大约一个月前就已经流离失所了。自10月13日以来，以色列一再告诫加沙北部的110万居民向南逃离。估计有四分之三的民众听从了这一警告。南部地区所受到的以色列袭击较少，但南部也并不安全：例如，11月7日，在撤离线以南的第一个城市汗尤尼斯（Khan Younis），一所学校遭到袭击，造成1名巴勒斯坦人死亡，另有9人受伤。
Most of those displaced are sheltering in un facilities, hospitals and other public buildings—all of them bursting at the seams. At a vocational-training centre in Khan Younis, the most crowded un shelter, each resident has less than two square metres of personal space and each toilet is shared by at least 600 people.
大多数流离失所的人住在联合国提供的住所、医院和其他公共建筑里，这些地方全都人满为患。汗尤尼斯的一个职业培训中心是最为拥挤的联合国避难所。那里的居民只有不到两平方米的个人空间，每个厕所至少有600人共用。
Before the war the average person in Gaza received 80 litres of water a day. In emergencies, the un says a minimum of 15 litres is needed for drinking, cooking and hygiene. The typical daily allotment now is just three litres, much of it dirty stuff that comes from agricultural wells. Bathing has become an unimaginable luxury for many Gazans, and dehydration is a common complaint. Health workers say there have been thousands of cases of diarrhoea caused by poor sanitation.
战前，加沙居民每人平均能获得80公升水。在紧急情况下，联合国表示每人每天至少需要15公升水，用于饮用、煮食和清洁。而现在，通常每人每天仅能分得3公升水，其中大部分还是来自农用水井的污水。对于很多加沙居民来说，洗澡变成了难以想象的奢侈享受，脱水也成了常见问题。医疗人员表示，由于卫生条件差，目前已有数千起腹泻病例。
Food is scarce too. Shoppers struggle to find basics like eggs, rice and cooking oil. They queue overnight at the handful of bakeries still operating to secure a few loaves of flatbread. A typical meal is ready-to-eat staples and a few vegetables: canned tuna and raw onions, perhaps with a bit of bread. Some mothers are using contaminated water to prepare baby formula.
食物也很匮乏。人们费力地寻找诸如蛋、米、油这样的基本食物。他们在少数几家仍营业的面包店前彻夜排队，只为买到几片面饼。日常膳食通常是免煮的主食和一些蔬菜，即吞拿鱼罐头和生洋葱，有时可能配点面包。有些母亲只能用不干净的水来冲调婴儿配方奶粉。
On November 7th the Israeli army denied that there was a shortage of food, water and other basic supplies in Gaza. It said that 665 lorries carrying 3,000 tonnes of food and 1.15m litres of water had entered the enclave since October 21st, when Israel lifted its veto on aid deliveries. The numbers sound impressive—until you divide them among 2.2m people over 18 days. The shipments work out to just 76 grams of food and 29ml of water per person a day.
11月7日，以色列军方否认加沙缺少食物、水等基本物资供给。他们表示，自10月21日解除救援物资运输的禁令以来，已有665辆卡车进入加沙，运入了3000吨食物和115万公升水。这些数字听起来甚为可观，但事实却是，将这些物资除以18天、220万人以后，相当于每人每天仅能分得76克食物和29毫升水。
The situation is worse in northern Gaza, where an estimated 300,000 people either could not or did not heed Israel’s evacuation order. Aid agencies have struggled to deliver supplies to the area, which is now cut off from the south by Israeli troops. The un says there are no bakeries still operating in the north. Some Palestinians who have tried belatedly to flee from the area have found the journey perilous: there have been numerous reports of civilians being shelled or bombed while making the walk.
加沙北部的情况更加糟糕，约有30万人无法收到或是未了解到以色列的撤离命令。援助机构想方设法向该地区运送物资，目前以色列军队已经切断了该地区与南部的联系。联合国表示，北部已经没有营业的面包店了。一些未如期撤离的巴勒斯坦人试图从该地区逃离，他们发现这段路程危险重重：已有许多报道称，平民在步行前往南部的途中遭到炮击或轰炸。
At a press conference on November 8th, Hamas officials blamed the un for failing to provide enough aid to Gaza. They made no mention of their own role in starting the war, nor their responsibility for governing the enclave. Their indifference to the misery in Gaza has sparked a few displays of defiance. When Iyad al-Buzm, a spokesman for the interior ministry, held a press conference outside al-Shifa hospital earlier this month, a man walked in front of the cameras and shouted criticism of Hamas. Such displays are rare: critics have been tortured and killed before.
在11月8日的新闻发布会上，哈马斯官员指责联合国未能向加沙提供充足援助。但他们只字不提自己在发动战争上的影响，也闭口不言对于治理飞地的责任。哈马斯对加沙苦难的漠视点燃了反抗的火焰。当内政部发言人Iyad al-Buzm在本月早些时候于Al-Shifa医院外召开新闻发布会时，一名男子走到镜头前，大声控告哈马斯的恶行。如此行为十分罕见：批评人士曾遭酷刑，甚至惨遭杀害。
At least 34 Palestinian media workers have been killed by Israeli strikes since the war began, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists, a non-profit organisation in New York. Journalists in Gaza also say they have received threats from Hamas not to report anything that might be unflattering to the group. If Israel does not kill them, some grumble, Hamas will.
据纽约非营利组织“保护记者委员会”称，自战争打响以来，至少有34名巴勒斯坦媒体工作者在以色列的袭击中丧生。驻加沙记者还表示，哈马斯威胁他们不要报道任何可能对该组织不利的消息。一些记者咕哝道，如果以色列不杀死他们，哈马斯也会让他们丢了性命。
Most people, though, have no time for politics. They are simply trying to survive—and waiting for a ceasefire that seems a long way away.
然而，大多数人并无暇顾及政治。他们只想在战争中存活下去，等待着停火那一日的到来，虽然那一天似乎是遥遥无期。
翻译组：
Iris，博物馆小可爱
Charlie，往者不谏，来者可追
Cassie，一心想吃口译面，早日坐进小黑屋
校对组：
Pay，一个坚定远航的sailor
Shulin，女，热咖啡+保温杯，慢慢来er
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观点|评论|思考
本期感想：
Benjamin，初学翻译的翻译小学生
俄乌战火未熄，巴以冲突再起。巴勒斯坦与以色列的冲突，是中东地区长期以来的热点问题。这场冲突的复杂性不仅在于两个民族对同一块土地的排他性主权要求，更在于背后的大国干预等外部因素。历史、宗教、文化、民族等因素互相交织，使得巴以冲突的复杂性非同一般。
在这场冲突中，我们看到了巴勒斯坦人民深受其害的景象。他们遭受着以色列军队的残酷打击，失去了家园和亲人。然而，巴勒斯坦人民的坚韧和勇气令人敬佩。他们从未放弃过对自由和尊严的追求，始终坚持着对和平的向往。
就连马斯克都说了，以色列军队每炸死一个加沙地带的平民，都会制造出更多的哈马斯。哈马斯，包括活跃在加沙地带的马列主义巴人阵游击队，阿克萨烈士旅……他们代表的，并不仅仅是反抗者的实体，而是巴勒斯坦人民前赴后继，反抗以色列侵略者的象征。
对于巴勒斯坦来说，这场冲突已经造成了巨大的损失和伤害。无数的平民因为战争而失去了生命和家园。战争带来的痛苦和创伤是无法用语言表达的。因此，我们应该更加珍视和平，为和平而努力。
战争，一直与人类的历史相随而行。弗朗索瓦•费奈隆说过：“所有的战争都是内战，因为所有的人类都是同胞。”巴以冲突再次以鲜血和生命昭告世人，如果不去推动和平进程，流血冲突就会反复上演。中东和平绝不是看不到明天的路，关键是从现在开始就要走对路，而不是走岔路甚至走回头路。
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愿景
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