最航运 | 黑暗中一道光 再看北美零售风向标沃尔玛的最新数据和趋势!
我是最航运丹尼斯,2022年初甚至直到2022年第三季度,有媒体特别是船公司背景的自媒体一直在试图向上烘托2022-2023年度合约运价谈判的氛围和推销集运周期格局改变的主观认知。 而事实上其实很简单,运价由供需决定,前两年不是因为需求增长多少,而是因为疫情导致港口拥堵特别美西困住了大量有效运力既而又因为到货时间的不断延长造成牛鞭效应的订单叠加螺旋式上升。现在有效运力持续回归再加新增订单的不断下水,在运力上除了马士基的克制,全球头部班轮公司包括地中海航运、达飞、中远海运集运/东方海外、长荣都在引领船队扩张重返军备竞赛,周期还是那个周期。
0、一年多前,我们让一部分人先看到未来。2022-03-12 最航运 | 目前欧线疲软,美线货代贴钱内卷;2022-04-30 最航运 | 亚马逊市值一夜蒸发超2000亿美元的背后!跨境电商及物流洗牌的加剧!2022-05-17 最航运 | 北美最大货主沃尔玛拉响通胀警报!利润大降!股价暴跌!;2022-05-19 最航运 | 北美消费风向标之二TARGET直接崩盘后的分析!2022年初有效运力的持续回归,然后叠加高通胀对消费者需求的打击,以及由于牛鞭效应造成的高库存的退潮还债进一步取消或减少订单,一年多来运价加速跳水跌落到低位波动。其实北美零售商们提醒的够早了,市场也反映够早了,真正专业且独立自媒体也报道预警够早了。
1、一年多后,随后的四个季报库存也仍在高位,不过可以说黑暗中的一道光是,2023年5月18日北美零售风向标沃尔玛最新发布的去库存数据取得一定进展,报告显示库存水平下降了9%,对我们外贸出口的影响是期间仍取消了价值数十亿美元的订单。这也是我们欧美外贸订单普遍疲软的主因,一年多的高通胀和去库存进程,让零售商们选择取消或谨慎下单旨在使库存水平符合预期需求。
2、截至4月30日的2024财年第一季度财报沃尔玛实现总收入为1523亿美元,同比增长7.6%;实现净利润16.73亿元,同比下降18.5%。整体营收增长主要受大型杂货业务的两位数增长基于食品需求强劲和富裕家庭购买量增加的推动,这也帮助抵消了服装和电子产品销售的疲软,但是这种向食品杂货和健康保健产品的消费转变打击了毛利率,使毛利下降了18个基点。因为这些食品杂货类商品的利润往往低于服装、家居用品和电子产品等非必需商品。 食品和燃料的通胀水平继续影响消费者的消费方式。
3、得益于包括提货和配送在内的全渠道拓展,沃尔玛全球电子商务的净销售额增长26%。展望未来,以固定汇率为基础,虽然面对压力,沃尔玛对下半年销售有信心所以上调了2024年业绩,预计2024年净销售额同比增长3.5%,预计净利润将同比增长4%至4.5%。
4、展望第二季度和今年剩余时间,沃尔玛表示将进一步专注于降低商品成本,以对抗客户和会员的通货膨胀,也意味着外贸公司工厂们准备好被进一步压价的准备。沃尔玛表示“在应对不确定的宏观环境时,管理成本和库存是两个关键的可控因素。我们正在提高库存效率和商品流,并解决订单匹配问题,以便更好地为客户服务,在需求疲软时降低未来风险。
5、值得一提的是,沃尔玛表示消费者的钱包继续捉襟见肘但新现象不仅仅是向食品和消耗品继续转向。在第一季度,人们还更多地转向健康和身心健康,其中一部分与这些治疗糖尿病的GLP-1药物有关。
6、2023年5月1日-2023年5月15日美国进口品类排名和货量
HTS 海关编码 | HS编码描述 | 标准箱 |
9401 | Seats (not those of heading no. 9402), whether or not convertible into beds and parts thereof | 40242 |
9403 | Furniture and parts thereof, n.e.c. in chapter 94 | 36082 |
9503 | Tricycles, scooters, pedal cars and similar wheeled toys; dolls' carriages; dolls; other toys; reduced-size (scale) models and similar recreational models, working or not; puzzles of all kinds | 17285 |
3924 | Tableware, kitchenware, other household articles and hygienic or toilet articles, of plastics | 15994 |
3926 | Articles of plastics and articles of other materials of heading no. 3901 to 3914, n.e.c. in chapter 39 | 14946 |
8708 | Motor vehicles; parts and accessories, of heading no. 8701 to 8705 | 13089 |
9405 | Lamps, light fittings; including searchlights, spotlights and parts thereof, n.e.c.; illuminated signs, name-plates and the like, having permanently fixed light source and parts thereof n.e.c. or included | 10142 |
8418 | Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment, electric or other; heat pumps other than air conditioning machines of heading no. 8415 | 9600 |
3923 | Plastic articles for the conveyance or packing of goods; stoppers, lids, caps and other closures of plastics | 9581 |
4202 | Trunks; suit, camera, jewellery, cutlery cases; travel, tool, similar bags; wholly or mainly covered by leather, composition leather, plastic sheeting, textile materials, vulcanised fibre, paperboard | 9262 |
8516 | Electric water, space, soil heaters; electro-thermic hair-dressing apparatus; hand dryers, irons; electro-thermic appliances for domestic purposes; electro heating resistors, not of heading no. 8545 | 8602 |
9506 | Gymnastics, athletics, other sports (including table tennis) or outdoor games equipment, n.e.c. in this chapter, swimming pools and paddling pools | 8516 |
9404 | Mattress supports; articles of bedding (e.g. mattresses, quilts, eiderdowns, cushions pouffes and pillows), fitted with springs or stuffed, whether or not covered | 8445 |
8414 | Air or vacuum pumps, air or other gas compressors and fans; ventilating or recycling hoods incorporating a fan whether or not fitted with filters | 6760 |
9505 | Festive, carnival or other entertainment articles, including conjuring tricks and novelty jokes | 6557 |
3918 | Floor coverings of plastics, self-adhesive or not, in rolls or tiles; wall or ceiling coverings of plastics, in rolls of a width not less than 45cm | 6102 |
4011 | New pneumatic tyres, of rubber | 6098 |
8415 | Air conditioning machines; comprising a motor driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity, including those machines in which the humidity cannot be separately regulated | 6082 |
8609 | Containers; (including containers for transport of fluids) specially designed and equipped for carriage by one or more modes of transport | 5843 |
7323 | Table, kitchen, other household articles and parts, of iron or steel; iron or steel wool; pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like, of iron or steel | 5308 |
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