“和为贵”用英语怎么说？

2023-05-30 05:05

中华传统优秀文化中所蕴含的丰富的治国理政智慧是国家治理建设的重要思想来源之一。自古至今，这些治国理政智慧，在历史上塑造了中华民族的精神品格，影响着治理体系与管理能力，增强我泱泱大国屹立于世界民族之林的骨气和底气。

让我们通过一系列的中华思想文化术语，体悟中华民族的精神实质，汲取思想智慧。中英文内容来自中华思想文化术语传播工程核心成果——《中华思想文化术语》丛书。

和为贵

Harmony Is Most Precious

以和谐为贵。“和”，和谐、恰当，是在尊重事物差异性、多样性基础上的和谐共存。本指“礼”的作用就是使不同等级的人既保持一定差别又彼此和谐共存，各得其所，各安其位，相得益彰，从而实现全社会的“和而不同”，为儒家处理人际关系的重要伦理原则。

Make harmony a top priority. He (和) indicates congruity and appropriateness. It is a state of congenial co-existence on the basis of due respect for differences and diversity. At first, this phrase referred to the role of li (礼 rites / social norms) which is to keep citizens of distinct social status co-existing in a harmonious way, with everybody having his or her own place and staying there contentedly for mutual benefits, resulting in a “harmonious yet diverse” society. It is an important moral concept of the Confucian school in managing inter-personal relations.

▌引例

有子曰：“礼之用，和为贵。先王之道，斯为美，小大由之。有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。” （《论语·学而》）

Youzi said, “Make harmony a top priority in the application of rites. That is a key feature that characterizes governance by sovereign rulers in ancient past. Always act upon the rule of harmony, no matter whether the issue at hand is minor or major. Sometimes, however, this rule may fail to work. If one insists on seeking harmony just for the sake of harmony instead of qualifying it with rites, then there will be no hope to succeed.” (The Analects)

友善

Friendly and Kind

友好亲近，和善共处。“友”的古字形象方向相同的两只手，引申为志趣相同，互为援手；“善”本义美善、和善。两字联用，用来形容超越血缘的人与人之间亲密和善的关系状态。

This term means to be friendly and kind to each other in peaceful co-existence. You (友) in its ancient ideographic form consists of two hands extending in the same direction, metaphorically indicating common interest and offering a helping hand to each other. Shan (善) means to be gracious and kind. When these two Chinese characters are used together as in the current term, they denote a close and harmonious relationship among people, a bond that transcends blood ties.

▌引例

友者，所以相有也。道不同，何以相有也？……取友善人，不可不慎，是德之基也。（《荀子·大略》）

Friends are those who support each other if necessary. If they differ in principle, what can they depend on to help each other? ... Choosing friends should therefore be done with great care. That is the starting point for moral cultivation.（Xunzi）

亲仁善邻

To Be Benevolent and Friendly Towards Neighboring Countries

亲近仁德而与邻国友善。这一思想最早见于《左传》，中国古人用它作为处理与相邻国家关系的重要指导原则，即邻国之间应当相互尊重、相互友好，共同构筑祥和安定的周边环境，它符合国家和民众的根本利益。它体现了原则性和务实性相统一的国际关系理念以及中华民族崇尚“仁”与“协和万邦”的基本精神。

To be benevolent and friendly towards neighboring countries was first mentioned in Zuo’s Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals. The ancient Chinese used this notion as an important guiding principle in handling relations with neighboring countries: Countries should respect and be friendly to each other, and jointly foster a benign and stable environment. This is in the fundamental interests of all countries and their people. The concept, as applied to international relations, is one of both principle and pragmatism. It embodies the Chinese nation’s pursuit of harmonious relations with other nations based on moral values.

▌引例

亲仁善邻，国之宝也。（亲近仁德而与邻国友善，这是国家的法宝。）（《左传·隐公六年》）

To be benevolent and friendly towards neighboring countries is fundamental policy a country should pursue. (Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals)

四海之内皆兄弟

All the People Within the Four Seas Are Brothers.

全天下的人都亲如兄弟。古人认为天圆地方，中国居陆地中间，陆地四周由四海环绕。“四海之内”指当时已知的人类生活空间，犹言“天下”，意指全国或全世界。它昭示了中国人兼济天下的博大胸怀、仁爱友善的人文精神。

This saying means that all the people in the world are as close as brothers. The ancient Chinese believed that heaven was round and the earth was square, with China in the middle of the earth, which was surrounded on all four sides by the Four Seas. “Within the Four Seas” refers to the world inhabited by humans, which was also called “all under heaven,” referring to the whole country or the whole world. This saying shows the inclusive and broad mind of the Chinese and their compassion, love and friendship towards other human beings.

▌引例

君子敬而无失，与人恭而有礼，四海之内皆兄弟也。（君子做事认真而不出差错，待人谦恭而合于礼，那么天下所有的人都是他的兄弟。）（《论语·颜渊》）

A man of virtue always does things conscientiously without making any mistakes and treats people respectfully and appropriately. Then all within the Four Seas will be his brothers. (The Analects)

中华思想文化术语