美债都5.5%了,冲冲冲!| 经济学人财经
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Finance and economics | Bills, bills, bills
国债冲冲冲
英文部分选自经济学人20231014期财经板块
Finance and economics | Bills, bills, bills
国债冲冲冲
注释:
Bills, Bills, Bills 是天命真女演唱的歌曲,发行于1999年。This song is about a man who gradually becomes more dependent on his girlfriend for money; he runs up bills and then asks his girl to pay them.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bills,_Bills,_Bills
https://www.songfacts.com/facts/destinys-child/bills-bills-bills
Retail investors have a surprising new favourite: Treasury bills
惊!国债竟成散户投资者新欢
Banks face a fresh form of competition
银行又有了新的竞争对手
When treasury bonds (or t-bills) last yielded as much as they do today—5.5%—punters were relieved that the world had not been destroyed by the millennium bug, Destiny’s Child were atop the charts and the dotcom bubble was going strong. The recent surge in yields has been remarkable (see chart).
上一次美国国债(或短期国债)的收益率达到5.5%时,投机者们还在庆幸千年虫问题没有毁灭世界,雄踞音乐榜首的还是天命真女组合,互联网泡沫还在越吹越大。近期,国债收益率再次飙升至5.5%,着实令人瞩目。
注释:
1.Punters: a person who gambles, especially : one who bets against a bookmaker
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/punter
2.the millennium bug: 2000年问题(英语:Year 2000 Problem),在英文中也被简称为Y2K,在中国大陆及香港常被称为千年虫问题[1][2],台湾则称千禧虫危机,是指由于当时的计算机程序在日期表达上的设计问题,从而导致计算机会误读在2000年后的一些日期,并进一步导致计算机出现错误所引起的计算机问题
Source:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/2000%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98
3.Destiny’s Child: 天命真女(英语:Destiny's Child)是美国的节奏蓝调女子组合,成立于1990年,于2005年解散。原始成员有碧昂丝·诺利斯(Beyoncé Knowles)和LaTavia Roberson。2000年时多首曲子登上榜首。
Source:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%BD%E7%9C%9F%E5%A5%B3
Yet bank depositors are seeing just a fraction of these increases. The average American savings account yields just 0.45%. Investors, too, are missing out. For the first time in over two decades, at the end of last year the return offered by six-month Treasuries overtook the earnings yield of s&p 500 companies.
然而,国债收益率的增长并未惠及到广大储户。美国储蓄账户的平均收益率仅为0.45%。没能赶上风口的还有投资者。去年年底,六个月期国债的回报率二十多年来首次超过了标准普尔500指数的收益率。
注释:
earnings yield:盈利收益率,为近12个月每股盈利除以每股市值,体现公司每股收益的百分比。(资料来源:Investopedia)
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/earningsyield.asp
So retail investors are looking elsewhere. Trading platforms have made short-term Treasury products a big part of their offering. Advertisements for Public, one such platform, ask podcast listeners if they are aware of the meagre savings rate on their deposit accounts. Despite only having been available on the platform since March, Treasuries are now its most purchased asset. One in ten new users buy them as their first trade.
因此,散户投资者开始另辟蹊径。许多交易平台都把短期国债产品作为自己的当家花旦。一个名为Public交易平台就在广告中向播客听众发出灵魂之问:你的存款账户,储蓄利率低得可怜,识得唔识得噶?尽管3月份才上架Public,但国债产品已成为平台销量最大的资产。每十个新用户中就有一个会在首次交易时购买国债。
Demand for Treasuries reflects a broader move towards safe, high-yielding options. Money-market funds invest in low-risk, short-duration instruments, including Treasuries. More than $880bn has been added to such funds this year, bringing their total value to an all-time high of $5.7trn. As with retail short-dated Treasury accounts, money-market funds are attractive to savers because they are highly liquid, meaning that cash can be withdrawn quickly if required.
对国债的需求反映出市场普遍转向安全、高收益的产品。货币市场基金投资于包括国债在内的低风险短期投资工具。今年以来,此类基金新增资金超过 8800 亿美元,总价值达到 5.7万亿美元,创历史新高。与零售短期国债账户一样,货币市场基金对储户的吸引力在于其流动性极高,这意味着在需要时,储户可以迅速提取现金。
The growing popularity of such alternatives is upsetting the logic of retail banking. Banks get away with providing interest rates well below the interest they receive from short-term government debt because—as Public’s advertisements identify—many depositors pay little attention. By sucking deposits from the banking system, money-market funds are thought to have contributed to financial instability in the spring.
货币基金的日益普及意味着零售银行业务难以为继。银行提供的存款利率远低于其从短期政府债券投资中获取的利息,而它们之所以能安然无事,是因为就像Public公司广告所指出的那样,很多储户对此并不上心。货币基金截走了本该流入银行体系的存款——这被认为是今年春天金融动荡的诱因之一。
注释:
1.get away with: If youget away with doing something wrong or risky, you do not suffer any punishment or other bad consequences because of it. 逃脱惩罚
2.suck:If something sucks a liquid, gas, or object in a particular direction, it draws it there with a powerful force. 吸 (物体); 抽 (液体、气体)
3.Wall Street Journal有一个小短片解释存款利率为什么没有跟上加息,简单来说美国的传统银行自2020年吸纳的储蓄大幅增长并持续保持高位,因此传统银行没有动力提高存款利率,而一些online banking则推出了高利率以吸纳储户,感兴趣的读者可查看以下链接。
Why Your Bank’s Savings Rate Isn’t Increasing With the Fed’s | WSJ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5We4OY_tHV4
Retail-trading platforms’ expansion has made it easier than ever for depositors to transfer funds into short-dated government debt. That may further erode the discount on savings rates that depositors will accept from banks, and make Treasuries a bigger feature in retail-investment portfolios. Savers will, then, be singing along to one of Destiny’s Child’s better tunes: “Bills, Bills, Bills”.
零售交易平台的发展使储户投资短期政府债券变得前所未有的简单。这可能会迫使银行给出更高的存款利率,并使得美国国债在零售投资组合中占据更重要地位。届时,储户们会唱起天命真女组合最好听的歌之一:“国库券、国库券、国库券”。
Martina,女,爱电影爱生活,爱金融经济
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